Ascariasis

Ascariasis kamuwa da cuta ne tare da zagayen parasitic Ascaris lumbricoides.

Mutane suna samun ascariasis ta hanyar cinye abinci ko abin sha wanda ya gurɓata da ƙwai masu zagaye. Ascariasis shine mafi yawan cututtukan tsutsa na hanji. Yana da dangantaka da rashin tsafta. Mutanen da suke zaune a wuraren da ake amfani da najasar ɗan adam (tabo) a matsayin taki suma suna cikin haɗarin wannan cuta.

Da zarar sun cinye, sai ƙwai su ƙyanƙyashe su saki ƙwayoyin da ba su girma ba da ake kira larvae a cikin ƙananan hanji. A cikin fewan kwanaki kaɗan, larva ɗin suna motsawa ta hanyoyin jini zuwa huhu. Suna tafiya sama ta manyan hanyoyin iska na huhu kuma an haɗiye su cikin ciki da ƙananan hanji.

Yayin da larvae ke motsawa ta cikin huhu suna iya haifar da wani nau’in ciwon huhu da ake kira eosinophilic pneumonia. Eosinophils wani nau'in farin jini ne. Da zarar larvae sun dawo cikin karamin hanji, sai su girma cikin girmawan tsutsotsi. Tsutsotsi masu girma suna rayuwa a cikin ƙananan hanji, inda suke sa ƙwai waɗanda suke cikin najasa. Suna iya rayuwa tsawon watanni 10 zuwa 24.

Kimanin mutane biliyan 1 ne suka kamu da cutar a duniya. Ascariasis yana faruwa a cikin mutane na kowane zamani, kodayake yara sun fi cutar fiye da manya.

Yawancin lokaci, babu alamun bayyanar. Idan akwai alamun bayyanar, zasu iya haɗawa da:

• Mutuwar jini (ƙananan hanyoyin iska sun tari shi)
• Tari, shakar iska
• Feverananan zazzabi
• Wucewa tsutsotsi cikin kujeru
• Rashin numfashi
• Rushewar fata
• Ciwon ciki
• Amai ko tari ga tsutsotsi
• Tsutsotsi da ke barin jiki ta hanci ko ta baki

Mai cutar zai iya nuna alamun rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Gwaje-gwajen don gano wannan yanayin sun haɗa da:

• X-ray na ciki ko wasu gwajin hoto
• Gwajin jini, gami da ƙididdigar jini da ƙididdigar eosinophil
• Jarrabawar ɗakuna don neman tsutsotsi da ƙwan tsutsa

Maganin ya hada da magunguna kamar su albendazole wadanda ke gurgunta ko kashe tsutsotsi masu cutar hanji.

Idan akwai toshewar hanji sanadiyar yawan tsutsotsi, ana iya amfani da hanyar da ake kira endoscopy don cire tsutsar. A lokuta da ba safai ba, ana bukatar tiyata.

Mutanen da aka yiwa maganin kwari-kwari ya kamata a sake duba su cikin watanni 3. Wannan ya hada da bincika kujerun don duba kwayayen tsutsa. Idan qwai sun kasance, ya kamata a sake ba da magani.

Yawancin mutane suna murmurewa daga alamun kamuwa da cutar, ko da ba tare da magani ba. Amma suna iya ci gaba da ɗaukar tsutsotsi a jikinsu.

Matsaloli na iya haifar da tsutsotsi manya waɗanda ke motsawa zuwa wasu gabobin, kamar su:

• Rataye
• Bile bututu
• Pancreas

Idan tsutsotsi sun ninka, zasu iya toshe hanji.

Wadannan rikitarwa na iya faruwa:

• Toshewa cikin bututun bile na hanta
• Toshewa a cikin hanji
• Rami a cikin hanji

Kira ga likitocin lafiyar ku idan kuna da alamun ascariasis, musamman idan kun yi tafiya zuwa yankin da cutar ta zama ruwan dare. Hakanan kira idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Kwayar cutar tana daɗa taɓarɓarewa
• Kwayar cutar ba ta inganta tare da magani
• Sabbin bayyanar cututtuka na faruwa

Inganta tsaftar muhalli da tsafta a ƙasashe masu tasowa zai rage haɗarin a waɗannan yankuna. A wuraren da cutar ta ascariasis ta zama ruwan dare, ana iya ba mutane magungunan zafin nama a matsayin matakan kariya.

Maganin ciki - ascariasis; Roundworm - ascariasis

• Qwai na zagaye - ascariasis
• Gabobin tsarin narkewar abinci

Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN. Narkar da hanji. A cikin: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, eds. Ilimin ɗan adam. 5th ed. Waltham, MA: Elsevier Makarantar Ilimin; 2019: sura 16.

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Parasites-ascariasis. www.cdc.gov/parasites/ascariasis/index.html. An sabunta Nuwamba 23, 2020. Iso zuwa Fabrairu 17, 2021.

Mejia R, Weatherhead J, Hotez PJ. Narkatun hanji (roundworms). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 286.