Amfani da abubuwa - inhalants

Inhalants tururi ne na sinadarai da ake hurawa da niyya don su tashi.

Amfani da inhalant ya zama sananne a cikin shekarun 1960 tare da matasa waɗanda ke shaƙar gam. Tun daga wannan lokacin, wasu nau'ikan shakar iska sun zama sananne. Ana amfani da inhalants mafi yawa daga yara matasa da yara masu zuwa makaranta, kodayake manya wasu lokuta ma suna amfani da su.

Sunayen tituna don masu shaƙar iska sun haɗa da fashewar iska, mai ƙarfi, chroming, discorama, murna, hippie crack, watar gas, oz, tukunyar talakawa, rush, snappers, whippets, and whiteout.

Yawancin kayayyakin gida suna da sunadarai masu tasiri. Lawayar ma'ana yana nufin sinadaran yana samar da tururi, wanda za'a iya hura shi (shaƙa). Nau'ikan inhalants na yau da kullun sune:

• Aerosols, kamar freshener na iska, deodorant, mai kare masana'anta, fesawa gashi, fesa man mai kayan lambu, da fesa fenti.
• Gas, kamar butane (ruwa mai haske), feshi mai goge komputa, freon, helium, nitrous oxide (gas ɗin dariya), wanda ake samu a cikin kwanten da aka yi wa kirim, da kuma furotin.
• Nitrites, waɗanda ba'a sake siyar dasu bisa doka ba. Lokacin da aka sayi nitrites ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, galibi ana yi musu lakabi da "mai tsabtace fata," "ƙanshi mai ɗumi," "warin daki," ko "mai tsabtace bidiyo.
• Magunguna, kamar ruwa mai gyara, degreaser, manne mai saurin bushewa, alamar ji, mai, man goge ƙusa, da mai laushi.

An sha iska a cikin iska ta hanci ko hanci. Kalmomin mara da amfani ga waɗannan hanyoyin sune:

• Gwanin kaya. Shaƙar abu bayan an fesa shi ko sanya shi a cikin takarda ko jakar filastik.
• Yin balloon. Shan iska daga cikin balan-balan.
• Ustura Fesa maganin aerosol a hanci ko baki.
• Murna. Shaƙar iska-freshener aerosols.
• Huffing.Shan iska daga raggo wanda aka jiƙa tare da abu sannan a riƙe shi zuwa fuska ko cushe a baki.
• Tsugunnawa. Shakar wani abu kai tsaye ta hanci.
• Shake Shake. Shakar wani abu kai tsaye ta bakin.

Sauran abubuwan da galibi ake amfani da su don riƙe sinadarai masu shaƙar iska sun haɗa da gwangwani na soda, da kwalaben ƙamshin turare, da bututu na takarda na bayan gida da aka cika da riguna ko takardar bayan gida da aka jiƙa da sinadarin.

Lokacin shakar iska, huhun zai shafan sunadarai. Cikin 'yan sakan, sunadaran sun shiga kwakwalwa, wanda ke sa mutum ya ji maye, ko kuma sama da shi. Babban yakan ƙunshi jin daɗi da farin ciki, jin kamar kama da maye daga shan giya.

Wasu masu shaƙar iska suna sa kwakwalwa ta saki dopamine. Dopamine wani sinadari ne wanda yake tattare da yanayi da tunani. Hakanan ana kiransa mai daɗin-kyakkyawan sinadarin kwakwalwa.

Saboda babba yana ɗaukar aan mintuna kaɗan, masu amfani suna ƙoƙari su sanya mafi tsayi ta ƙarshe ta shaƙar iska sau da yawa.

Nitrites sun banbanta da sauran masu shakar iska. Nitrites suna kara girman jijiyoyin jini kuma zuciya tana bugawa da sauri. Wannan yana sa mutum ya ji dumi da annashuwa. Ana shayar da nitrites sau da yawa don inganta aikin jima'i maimakon samun ƙarfi.

Sinadarai a cikin inhalants na iya cutar da jiki ta hanyoyi da yawa, suna haifar da matsalolin lafiya kamar:

• Lalacewar bargo
• Lalacewar hanta
  
• Coma
• Rashin ji
• Matsalar zuciya, kamar rashin tsari ko saurin bugun zuciya
• Rashin hanji da sarrafa fitsari
• Canje-canje na yanayi, kamar rashin damuwa da komai (rashin son zuciya), halayyar tashin hankali, rikicewa, tunanin rayuwa, ko damuwa
• Matsalolin jijiyoyi na dindindin, kamar su numfashi, ƙwanƙwasa hannu da ƙafa, rauni, da rawar jiki

Inhalants na iya zama m:

• Heartarfin zuciya mara tsari ko sauri zai iya sa zuciya ta daina harba jini zuwa sauran jiki. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa cututtukan mutuwa na hanzari.
• Fusasawa na iya haifar da lokacin da huhu da kwakwalwa ba su sami isashshen oxygen. Wannan na iya faruwa yayin da matakan tururin sunadarai suka yi yawa a cikin jiki har suka ɗauki matsayin oxygen a cikin jini. Suusasawa na iya faruwa kuma idan aka ɗora jakar filastik a kai lokacin yin jaka (sha daga cikin jaka).

Mutanen da suke shakar nitrites suna da babbar dama ta kamuwa da HIV / AIDS da hepatitis B da C. Wannan saboda ana amfani da nitrites ne don inganta aikin jima'i. Mutanen da suke amfani da nitrites na iya yin jima'i mara aminci.

Inhalants na iya haifar da lahani na haihuwa lokacin amfani da shi yayin daukar ciki.

Mutanen da suke amfani da inhalats na iya kamu da su. Wannan yana nufin hankalinsu da jikinsu suna dogaro ne da masu shaƙar iska. Ba su da ikon sarrafa amfani da su kuma suna buƙatar (nema) su samu ta rayuwar yau da kullun.

Addiction na iya haifar da haƙuri. Haƙuri yana nufin cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin inhalant don samun babban ji. Kuma idan mutum yayi ƙoƙari ya daina amfani da inhalantar, halayen na iya haifar. Wadannan ana kiransu alamun bayyanar cirewa kuma suna iya haɗawa da:

• Vaƙƙarfan sha'awar magani
• Samun sauyin yanayi daga jin baƙin ciki zuwa damuwa zuwa damuwa
• Ba zai iya mai da hankali ba

Hanyoyin jiki na iya haɗawa da ciwon kai, ciwo da ciwo, ƙarar abinci, da rashin yin bacci mai kyau.

Ba abu bane mai sauki koyaushe idan wani yana amfani da iska. Yi hankali don waɗannan alamun:

• Numfashi ko tufafi suna wari kamar sunadarai
• Tari da hanci duk lokacin
• Idon ruwa ne ko ɗalibai a buɗe suke (faɗaɗa)
• Jin kasala a kowane lokaci
• Ji ko ganin abubuwan da basa nan (mafarki)
• Containersoye kwantena marasa amfani ko tsummoki a kusa da gidan
• Yanayin yanayi ko yin fushi da fushi ba tare da dalili ba
• Babu ci, tashin zuciya da amai, rage nauyi
• Fenti ko tabo a fuska, hannaye, ko sutura
• Rash ko kumfa a fuska

Jiyya yana farawa da fahimtar matsalar. Mataki na gaba shine samun taimako da tallafi.

Shirye-shiryen maganin suna amfani da dabarun canza ɗabi'a ta hanyar ba da shawara (maganin magana). Manufar shine a taimaki mutum ya fahimci halayensu da kuma dalilin da yasa suke amfani da iska. Shiga cikin dangi da abokai yayin nasiha na iya taimakawa mutum don kiyaye su daga komawa amfani (sakewa).

A wannan lokacin, babu wani magani da zai iya taimakawa rage amfani da abubuwan sha iska ta hanyar toshe tasirinsu. Amma, masana kimiyya suna binciken irin waɗannan magunguna.

Yayin da mutumin ya murmure, karfafa wadannan don taimakawa hana sake kamuwa:

• Ci gaba zuwa zaman magani.
• Nemo sabbin ayyuka da manufa don maye gurbin waɗanda suka shafi amfani da iska.
• Motsa jiki da cin lafiyayyun abinci. Kulawa da jiki yana taimaka masa warkewa daga illolin inhalan.
• Guji abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan. Waɗannan abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan na iya zama mutane da abokai wanda aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar shaƙar iska. Hakanan suna iya zama wurare, abubuwa, ko motsin zuciyar da zasu iya sa mutumin ya so yin amfani da shi kuma.

Abubuwan taimako sun haɗa da:

• LifeRing - www.lifering.org/
• Allianceungiyar Hadin gwiwar Ilimin Masu Siya - Zargin Inhalantu - www.consumered.org/programs/inhalant-abuse-prevention
• Cibiyar Nazarin Cutar Yara da Yara ta Yara - matasa.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/inhalants
• Sake farfadowa na SMART - www.smartrecovery.org/
• Hadin gwiwa don Yara masu Yammacin Magani - drugfree.org/

Ga manya, shirin taimakon ma'aikata na wurin aikin ku (EAP) shima kyakkyawan tsari ne.

Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da lafiyar ku idan ku ko wani wanda kuka sani ya kamu da inhawa kuma yana buƙatar taimako tsayawa. Har ila yau kira idan kuna da bayyanar cututtuka da suka shafe ku.

Zaman abubuwa - inhalants; Shan ƙwayoyi - inhalants; Amfani da ƙwayoyi - inhalants; Manne - inhalants

Cibiyar Nazarin Cibiyar Nazarin Magunguna ta Kasa. Inhalants DrugFacts. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/inhalants. An sabunta Afrilu 2020. An shiga 26 ga Yuni, 2020.

Nguyen J, O'Brien C, Schapp S. Matasa inhalant yayi amfani da rigakafi, kima, da magani: rubutun adabi. Int J Siyasa Siyasa. 2016; 31: 15-24. PMID: 26969125 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26969125/.

Breuner CC. Zaman abubuwa. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 140.

• Inhalants