Menene Sakamakon Beta-Blockers?

Wadatacce

• Menene aka tsara don beta-blockers?
• Menene nau'ikan beta-blockers?
• Masu hana beta-masu hana amfani
• Masu hana beta-masu hana shiga zuciya
• Na uku-tsara beta-masu hanawa
• Menene illar?
• Shin beta-blockers suna hulɗa tare da sauran magunguna?
• Shin zaku iya shan barasa yayin shan beta-blockers?
• Wanene bai kamata ya ɗauki beta-blockers ba?
• Wani bayani ne mai mahimmanci don raba tare da likitan ku?
• Shin yana da lafiya a daina amfani da beta-blockers?
• Layin kasa

Beta-blockers na taimakawa rage saurin da karfi na bugun zuciyar ka yayin kuma rage saukar karfin jininka. Suna aiki ta hana adrenaline na hormone (epinephrine) daga ɗaure ga masu karɓar beta.

Kamar yawancin magunguna, beta-blockers na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa. Yawancin lokaci, likitoci suna ba da waɗannan magunguna saboda haɗarin da ke tattare da wani yanayi ya fi ƙarfin tasirin beta-masu hanawa na iya haifar.

Ci gaba da karatu don neman ƙarin game da yuwuwar illa da hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi na beta-blockers, da kuma kariya don ɗauka.

Menene aka tsara don beta-blockers?

Beta-blockers galibi ana sanya su ne don halaye masu alaƙa da zuciya, gami da:

• ciwon kirji (angina)
• bugun zuciya
• hawan jini (hauhawar jini)
• bugun zuciya mara kyau (arrhythmia)
• cututtukan tachycardia na baya (POTS)
• hana cututtukan zuciya (myocardial infarction) a cikin mutanen da suka riga sun kamu da ciwon zuciya

Akwai masu karɓar beta a duk jikin ku, ba kawai a cikin zuciyar ku ba. A sakamakon haka, wasu lokuta ana sanya beta-blockers don wasu yanayi, kamar ƙaura, damuwa, da kuma glaucoma.

Menene nau'ikan beta-blockers?

Ba duk beta-blockers ake halitta daidai ba. Akwai beta-blockers da yawa daban-daban, kuma kowane ɗayan yana aiki ta wata hanya daban.

Doctors suna yin la'akari da dalilai da yawa lokacin yanke shawarar wane beta-toshe don tsarawa. Wadannan sun hada da:

• halin da ake ciki
• haɗarin illa
• wasu sharuɗɗan da kuke da su
• sauran magunguna da kuke sha

Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan beta-blockers guda uku, kowanne daga cikinsu an bayyana su daki daki. Sune:

• ba zaɓa
• mai yanke shawara
• tsara ta uku

Masu hana beta-masu hana amfani

An amince da shi a cikin 1960s, farkon beta-blockers ba su da zaɓi. A takaice dai, sun yi aiki a kan dukkan masu karɓar beta a jikinka, gami da:

• masu karɓar beta-1 (zuciya da ƙwayoyin koda)
• masu karɓar beta-2 (huhu, jijiyoyin jini, ciki, mahaifa, tsoka, da ƙwayoyin hanta)
• masu karɓar beta-3 (ƙwayoyin mai)

Tunda waɗannan beta-blockers ba su bambanta tsakanin nau'ikan nau'ikan masu karɓar beta, suna haifar da haɗarin haɗarin sakamako kaɗan.

Wannan gaskiyane ga mutanen da suke shan sigari ko kuma suke da yanayin huhu kamar asma ko cututtukan huhu na huhu (COPD).

Wasu sanannun marasa zaɓan beta sun haɗa da:

• nadolol (Corgard)
• aksarinka (Trasicor)
• pindolol (Visken)
• propranolol (Na cikin gida, InnoPran XL)
• sotalol (Betapace)

Masu hana beta-masu hana shiga zuciya

An tsara mafi ƙarancin beta-blockers don sa ido ga masu karɓar beta-1 kawai a cikin ƙwayoyin zuciya. Ba sa shafar wasu masu karɓar beta-2 don haka sun fi aminci ga mutanen da ke da yanayin huhu.

Wasu masu amfani da beta-masu hana shiga zuciya sun haɗa da:

• acebutolol (Mazhaba)
• atenolol (Tenormin)
• bisoprolol (Zebeta)
• metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL)

Na uku-tsara beta-masu hanawa

Masu tsara beta na ƙarni na uku suna da ƙarin tasirin da zai taimaka don ƙara shakatawar jijiyoyin jini da sauƙaƙe cutar hawan jini.

Wasu ƙarnin beta-masu hanawa ƙarni na uku sun haɗa da:

• sassaƙa (Coreg)
• labetalol (Normodyne)
• Nebivolol (Bystolic)

Bincike game da amfani da beta-blockers na ƙarni na uku yana gudana. Wasu nazarin suna ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan kwayoyi na iya zama zaɓi mai aminci ga mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya.

Misali, bisa ga nazarin karatun shekara ta 2017, nebivolol na iya zama zabin magani mai dacewa ga mutanen da ke da cutar hawan jini tare da sukari mara kyau (glucose) da mai narkewar jiki.

A kan beraye sun kammala cewa carvedilol ya haɓaka haƙuri na glucose da ƙwarewa ga insulin. Waɗannan su ne mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin ciwon sukari. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fahimtar idan carvedilol yana da irin wannan tasirin a cikin mutane.

Menene illar?

Beta-blockers suna da inganci, aminci, kuma masu araha. A sakamakon haka, galibi su ne layin farko na magani a cikin yanayin zuciya.

Illolin dake tattare da beta-blockers sune:

• Gajiya da jiri. Masu hana Beta suna rage bugun zuciyar ka. Wannan na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da ƙananan jini (hypotension).
• Rashin yawo. Zuciyar ku tana bugawa a hankali lokacin da kuka ɗauki beta-blockers. Wannan ya sa ya zama da wahala ga jini ya isa tsinkayenku. Kuna iya fuskantar sanyi ko ƙwanƙwasa a hannuwanku da ƙafafunku.
• Ciwon cututtukan ciki. Wadannan sun hada da ciwon ciki, jiri, da gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya. Shan beta-blockers tare da abinci na iya taimakawa sauƙaƙe alamun cututtukan ciki.
• Rashin jima'i. Wasu mutane suna bayar da rahoton rashin aiki yayin shan beta-blockers. Wannan sakamako ne na gama gari tare da magunguna waɗanda ke rage hawan jini.
• Karuwar nauyi. Wannan tasirin sakamako ne na wasu mazan, waɗanda ba zaɓaɓɓun beta ba. Doctors ba su da tabbacin dalilin da ya sa yake faruwa, amma yana iya kasancewa da alaƙa da yadda beta-blockers ke shafar tasirin ku.

Sauran cututtukan da ba na kowa ba sun haɗa da:

• Rashin numfashi. Beta-blockers na iya haifar da zafin tsokar huhu wanda ke wahalar numfashi. Wannan ya fi faruwa ga mutanen da ke da yanayin huhu.
• Hawan jini mai yawa (hyperglycemia). Beta-blockers na iya haifar da hawan jini a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari.
• Bacin rai, rashin bacci, da kuma mafarkin dare. Wadannan lahanin sunada yawa ga tsofaffi, masu zaɓin beta-masu togaciya.

Nemi hankalin likita nan da nan idan kun sami ɗayan abubuwan illa masu zuwa yayin shan beta-blockers:

• Alamomin matsalar zuciya: gajeren numfashi, tari wanda ke kara lalacewa tare da motsa jiki, ciwon kirji, bugun zuciya mara kyau, kumbura ƙafafu ko idon sawun
• Alamomin matsalar huhu: gajeren numfashi, kirji mai ƙarfi, numfashi
• Alamun matsalar hanta: fata mai launin rawaya (jaundice) da fararen rawaya na idanu

Shin beta-blockers suna hulɗa tare da sauran magunguna?

Ee, beta-blockers na iya hulɗa tare da sauran magunguna. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• magungunan rashin lafiyan
• maganin rigakafi
• magungunan anti-ulcer
• maganin damuwa
• kwayoyi masu rage cholesterol (statins)
• gurɓatattun abubuwa da sauran magunguna masu sanyi
• insulin da sauran magungunan ciwon suga
• magunguna don asma da COPD
• magani don cutar ta Parkinson (levodopa)
• shakatawa na tsoka
• nonsteroidal anti-mai kumburi kwayoyi (NSAIDs), ciki har da ibuprofen
• wasu magunguna da ake amfani dasu don magance hawan jini, ciwon kirji, da kuma bugun zuciya mara tsari
• wasu maganin rigakafi, gami da rifampicin (Rifampin)

Ya kamata ku gaya wa likitanku game da duk magunguna da abubuwan da kuke ɗauka.

Shin zaku iya shan barasa yayin shan beta-blockers?

Zai fi kyau a guji shan giya idan kun sha beta-blockers.

Duk beta-blockers da giya na iya rage karfin jini. Hada su biyun na iya haifar da saurin jini ya sauka da sauri. Wannan na iya barin ku mai rauni, damuwa, ko kuma kan haske. Kuna iya suma idan kun tashi da sauri.

Tabbas, waɗannan illolin sun dogara ne akan duka maganin da aka tsara na beta-blockers da kuma yawan abin da kuke sha. Duk da yake babu cikakken haɗarin haɗari, shan giya lokaci-lokaci na iya zama mai haɗari. Amma ya fi dacewa ka fara duba likitanka da farko.

Hakanan ya kamata ku yi magana da likitanku idan guje wa shan barasa yana da wuya a gare ku. Za a iya samun wasu magunguna.

Wanene bai kamata ya ɗauki beta-blockers ba?

Masu hana Beta ba na kowa bane. Suna iya haifar da haɗari mafi girma ga mutanen da ke da yanayi masu zuwa:

• asma, COPD, da sauran cututtukan huhu
• ciwon sukari
• low blood pressure (hypotension) ko kuma jinkirin bugun zuciya (bradycardia)
• acidosis na rayuwa
• munanan yanayi na zaga jini, irin su Raynaud’s sabon abu
• mummunan ciwan zuciya
• mummunan cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki

Idan kana da ɗayan yanayin kiwon lafiyar da aka lissafa a sama, ƙila likitan ka zaiyi la’akari da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka kafin ka tsara beta-blocker.

Wani bayani ne mai mahimmanci don raba tare da likitan ku?

Yin magana da likitanka game da lafiyar ku da kowane yanayin kiwon lafiya na iya taimaka muku ku guji mummunan sakamako.

• Sanar da likitanka idan kana da ciki, ko ƙoƙarin yin ciki, ko shayarwa.
• Don hana hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi, ba likitan ku jerin duk magunguna da abubuwan haɗin da kuka sha.
• Yi gaskiya game da giya, taba, da shan ƙwaya. Wadannan abubuwa zasu iya ma'amala da beta-blockers.

Shin yana da lafiya a daina amfani da beta-blockers?

Yana da haɗari ka daina shan beta-blockers kwatsam, koda kuwa kana fuskantar illa.

Lokacin da kake ɗaukar beta-blockers, jikinka yakan saba da saurin zuciyarka. Idan ka daina shan su kwatsam, kana iya kara kasadar kamuwa da mummunar matsalar zuciya, kamar ciwon zuciya.

Tuntuɓi likitanka idan ka fuskanci lahani mara kyau tare da masu hana beta waɗanda zasu ɗauki fiye da yini ɗaya ko biyu. Likitanku na iya ba da shawarar wani nau'in magani, amma har yanzu kuna buƙatar ɗaukar nauyin beta ɗin ku a hankali.

Layin kasa

Beta-blockers ana amfani dasu don magance yanayin zuciya. Kamar dukkan magunguna, suna da haɗarin illa da ma'amala.

Kafin shan beta-blockers, yana da mahimmanci ka yi magana da likitanka game da duk wani yanayin kiwon lafiya da kake da shi, duk wani magani da kari da kake sha, da kuma amfani da giya, taba, da duk wani magani na nishadi.

Idan kun fuskanci duk wani tasiri na illa, tabbas ku bi likitanku da wuri-wuri. Likitanku na iya taimaka muku ku amintar da beta-blockers kuma ku ba da shawarar wani magani daban.