Faduwar Hadarin

Wadatacce

• Menene ƙimar haɗarin faɗuwa?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake buƙatar faɗar haɗarin faɗuwa?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin haɗarin faduwa?
• Shin zan buƙaci yin komai don shirya don ƙimar haɗarin faduwa?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga ƙimar haɗarin faɗuwa?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Bayani

Menene ƙimar haɗarin faɗuwa?

Faduwa ta zama ruwan dare a cikin manya shekaru 65 zuwa sama. A Amurka, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na manya waɗanda ke zaune a gida kuma kusan rabin mutanen da ke zaune a gidajen tsofaffi suna faɗar aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Akwai dalilai da yawa wadanda ke kara haɗarin faɗawa cikin tsofaffi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da matsalolin motsi, rashin daidaito, cututtuka na yau da kullun, da raunin gani. Yawancin faduwa suna haifar da akalla rauni. Wadannan suna daga rauni mai rauni har zuwa karyayyun ƙasusuwa, raunin kai, da ma mutuwa. A zahiri, faduwa itace babbar hanyar mutuwar manya.

Bincike game da faduwar hadari don duba yadda wataƙila zaku faɗi. Mafi yawa ana yin sa ne don tsofaffi. Assessmentididdigar yawanci ya haɗa da:

• Binciken farko. Wannan ya haɗa da jerin tambayoyi game da lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya kuma idan kun taɓa faɗuwa da baya ko matsaloli tare da daidaituwa, tsayawa, da / ko tafiya.
• Saitin ayyuka, wanda aka sani da kayan aikin kimanta faɗuwa. Wadannan kayan aikin suna gwada karfin ku, daidaito, da kuma tafiya (yadda kuke tafiya).

Sauran sunaye: faɗuwa game da haɗarin haɗari, faɗuwar haɗarin haɗari, kima, da sa baki

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da kimar haɗarin faɗuwa don gano idan kuna da rauni, matsakaici, ko haɗarin faɗuwa. Idan ƙididdigar ta nuna cewa kuna cikin haɗarin haɗari, mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya da / ko mai ba da kulawa na iya ba da shawarar dabarun hana faɗuwa da rage damar rauni.

Me yasa nake buƙatar faɗar haɗarin faɗuwa?

Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) da Gerungiyar Geriatric ta Amurka suna ba da shawarar auna gwajin shekara-shekara na faɗuwa ga duk manya masu shekaru 65 zuwa sama. Idan bincike ya nuna kuna cikin haɗari, kuna iya buƙatar kimantawa. Assessmentididdigar ta haɗa da yin jerin ayyuka waɗanda ake kira kayan aikin faɗuwa.

Hakanan zaka iya buƙatar kimantawa idan kana da wasu alamun bayyanar. Sau da yawa faduwa tana zuwa ba tare da faɗakarwa ba, amma idan kana da ɗayan alamun alamun masu zuwa, ƙila ka kasance cikin haɗari mafi girma:

• Dizziness
• Haske-kai
• Rearfin zuciya mara ƙarfi ko sauri

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin haɗarin faduwa?

Yawancin masu samarwa suna amfani da hanyar da CDC ta kirkira mai suna STEADI (Dakatar da Haɗarin Tsofaffi, Mutuwa, da Raunuka). STEADI ya haɗa da nunawa, tantancewa, da sa baki. Yin katsalandan shawarwari ne waɗanda na iya rage haɗarin faɗawarku.

Yayin dubawa, ana iya tambayar ku tambayoyi da yawa ciki har da:

• Shin kun faɗi a cikin shekarar da ta gabata?
• Kuna jin rashin nutsuwa lokacin tsayawa ko tafiya?
• Shin ka damu da faduwa?

Yayin tantancewa, mai ba da sabis zai gwada ƙarfin ku, daidaitawa, da tafiya, ta amfani da waɗannan ƙididdigar ƙimar faduwar:

• Lokaci-da-Go (Tug). Wannan gwajin yana duba tafiyar ku. Za ku fara a kujera, ku miƙe, sannan ku yi tafiya na kusan ƙafa 10 a saurinku na yau da kullun. Sannan zaku sake zama. Mai ba da lafiyar ku zai duba tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauke muku hakan. Idan ya dauke ka sakan 12 ko sama da haka, yana iya nufin kana cikin haɗarin faɗuwa.
• 30-Na biyu Kujerar Kujerar Kujera. Wannan gwajin yana duba ƙarfi da daidaito. Za ku zauna a kujera tare da ɗora hannayenku a kan kirjinku. Lokacin da mai ba da sabis ya ce "tafi," za ka miƙe ka sake zama. Za ku maimaita wannan na dakika 30. Mai ba ku sabis zai ƙidaya sau nawa za ku iya yin wannan. Numberaramin lamba na iya nufin kuna cikin haɗarin haɗari na faɗuwa. Takamaiman lambar da ke nuna haɗari ya dogara da shekarunka.
• 4-Gwajin Daidaita Mataki. Wannan gwajin yana bincika yadda za ku iya kiyaye ma'aunin ku. Za ku tsaya a cikin wurare daban-daban guda huɗu, riƙe kowane ɗayan cikin sakan 10. Matsayi zaiyi wuya yayin tafiya.
  • Matsayi 1: Tsaya tare da ƙafafunku gefe da gefe.
  • Matsayi na 2: Matsar da ƙafa ɗaya zuwa gaba, saboda haka ɗaliban yana taɓa babban yatsan ƙafarku.
  • Matsayi 3 Matsar da ƙafa ɗaya sosai a gaban ɗayan, don haka yatsun kafa suna taɓa diddigen ƙafarka.
  • Matsayi na 4: Tsaya a ƙafa ɗaya.

Idan ba za ku iya riƙe matsayi na 2 ko matsayi na 3 na 10 sakan ba ko kuma ba za ku iya tsayawa kan ƙafa ɗaya na sakan 5 ba, yana iya nufin kun kasance cikin haɗari mafi girma don faɗuwa.

Akwai sauran kayan aikin kimanta faduwa. Idan mai ba ku sabis ya ba da shawarar wasu ƙididdigar, shi ko ita za su sanar da ku abin da za ku yi tsammani.

Shin zan buƙaci yin komai don shirya don ƙimar haɗarin faduwa?

Ba kwa buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don ƙimar haɗarin faɗuwa.

Shin akwai haɗari ga ƙimar haɗarin faɗuwa?

Akwai ƙananan haɗari da zaku iya faɗuwa yayin da kuke yin kima.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Sakamakon na iya nuna kuna da ƙananan haɗari, matsakaici, ko babban haɗarin faɗuwa. Hakanan suna iya nuna waɗanne yankuna ke buƙatar magancewa (tafiya, ƙarfi, da / ko daidaitawa). Dangane da sakamakon ku, mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya yin shawarwari don rage haɗarin faɗawa. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Motsa jiki don inganta ƙarfin ku da daidaito. Za a iya ba ku umarni kan takamaiman aikin ko a tura ku zuwa ga mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na jiki.
• Canza ko rage adadin magunguna hakan na iya shafar tafiyar ku ko daidaituwar ku. Wasu magunguna suna da illoli da ke haifar da jiri, bacci, ko rikicewa.
• Shan bitamin D dan karfafa kashin ka.
• Samun duba hangen nesa ta likitan ido.
• Kallon takalminku don ganin idan kowane takalminku na iya ƙara haɗarin faɗuwar ku. Ana iya tura ka zuwa likitan kwalliya (likitan ƙafa).
• Yin bita a gidanka don haɗarin haɗari. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da fitilun da ba su da kyau, darduma marasa sako, da / ko igiyoyi a ƙasa. Wannan bita na iya yin kanku, abokin tarayya, mai ba da ilimin aikin likita, ko wasu masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya.

Idan kana da tambayoyi game da sakamakonka da / ko shawarwarinka, yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya.

Bayani

1. Nurse na Amurka A Yau [Intanet]. HealthCom Media; c2019. Kimanta haɗarin marasa lafiyarku don faɗuwa; 2015 Jul 13 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Oct 26]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.americannursetoday.com/assessing-patients-risk-falling
2. Casey CM, Parker EM, Winkler G, Liu X, Lambert GH, Eckstrom E. Darussan da Aka Koya Daga Aiwatar da CDC na STEADI Falls Rigakafin Algorithm a Kulawa ta Farko. Masanin ilimin lissafi [Intanet]. 2016 Apr 29 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Oct 26]; 57 (4): 787-796. Akwai daga: https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/57/4/787/2632096
3. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Algorithm don Fall Screening, Assessment da kuma Tsoma baki; [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2019 Oct 26]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/pdf/STEADI-Algorithm-508.pdf
4. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Bincike: Gwajin Balance 4-Stage Balance; [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2019 Oct 26]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/pdf/STEADI-Assessment-4Stage-508.pdf
5. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Gwaji: 30-Second Chair Stand; [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2019 Oct 26]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/pdf/STEADI-Assessment-30Sec-508.pdf
6. Mayo Clinic [Intanet]. Gidauniyar Mayo don Ilimin Likita da Bincike; c1998–2019. Kimanta marasa lafiya don haɗarin faɗuwa; 2018 Aug 21 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Oct 26]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.mayoclinic.org/medical-professionals/physical-medicine-rehabilitation/news/evaluating-patients-for-fall-risk/mac-20436558
7. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co., Inc.; c2019. Faduwa a Tsoffin Mutane; [sabunta 2019 Apr; da aka ambata 2019 Oct 26]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/older-people%E2%80%99s-health-issues/falls/falls-in-older-people
8. Phelan EA, Mahoney JE, Voit JC, Stevens JA. Bincike da gudanar da haɗarin faɗuwa a saitunan kulawa na farko. Med Clinic Arewacin Am [Intanet]. 2015 Mar [wanda aka ambata 2019 Oct 26]; 99 (2): 281–93. Akwai daga: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4707663/

Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.