Pharmacokinetics da Pharmacodynamics: menene shi kuma menene bambance-bambance

Wadatacce

• Pharmacokinetics
• 1. Zubarwa
• 2. Rarrabawa
• 3. Samun tsari
• 4. Karkatawa
• Pharmacodynamics
• 1. Wurin aiki
• 2. Hanyar aiwatarwa
• 3. Tasirin warkewa

Pharmacokinetics da pharmacodynamics sune ra'ayoyi daban-daban, waɗanda suke da alaƙa da aikin ƙwayoyi akan kwayoyin kuma akasin haka.

Pharmacokinetics bincike ne na hanyar da maganin ya bi a jiki tunda an sha shi har sai an fitar da shi, yayin da ilimin hada magunguna ya kunshi nazarin mu'amalar wannan maganin tare da shafin dauri, wanda zai faru yayin wannan hanyar.

Pharmacokinetics

Magungunan kantin magani sun hada da nazarin hanyar da maganin zai bi daga lokacin da aka gudanar da ita har sai an kawar da ita, ta hanyar shaye-shaye, rarrabawa, samar da kuzari da hanyoyin fitar da abinci. Ta wannan hanyar, maganin zai sami rukunin haɗin yanar gizo.

1. Zubarwa

Shaye-shaye ya kunshi shigar da magani daga wurin da ake ba da shi, zuwa zagawar jini. Ana iya gudanar da gudanarwa a bayyane, wanda ke nufin cewa ana shanye maganin ta hanyar baka, sublingual ko ta dubura, ko ta mahaifa, wanda ke nufin cewa ana yin maganin ta hanyar jijiyoyin jiki, ta hanyar subcutaneously, intradermally ko intramuscularly.

2. Rarrabawa

Rarrabawar ya kunshi hanyar da maganin ke bi bayan tsallaka shingen epithelium na hanji a cikin rafin jini, wanda zai iya zama a cikin tsari kyauta, ko kuma ya danganta da sunadaran plasma, sannan zai iya isa wurare da yawa:

• Wurin aikin warkewa, inda zai aiwatar da sakamakon da aka nufa;
• Ruwan tafkin nama, inda za'a tara shi ba tare da yin tasirin magani ba;
• Wurin da ba zato ba tsammani, inda za ku yi aikin da ba a so, haifar da sakamako masu illa;
• Wurin da suke narkewa, wanda zai iya haɓaka aikinsu ko kuma ba za su iya yin aiki ba;
• Wuraren da ake zube su.

Lokacin da magani ya rataya ga sunadaran plasma, ba zai iya tsallake shingen don isa ga nama da aiwatar da aikin warkewa ba, don haka magani wanda ke da babban dangantaka ga waɗannan sunadarai zai sami rashi rarrabawa da kuzari. Koyaya, lokacin da aka shafe a cikin jiki zai fi tsayi, saboda abu mai aiki yana ɗaukar tsayi kafin ya isa shafin aiwatarwa kuma za'a kawar dashi.

3. Samun tsari

Metabolism yana faruwa sosai a cikin hanta, kuma mai zuwa na iya faruwa:

• Kashe wani abu, wanda yafi kowa;
• Taimakawa fitowar iska, samar da karin iyakoki da kuma narkewar ruwa mai narkewa don a kawar dasu cikin sauki;
• Kunna mahaɗan marasa aiki na asali, canza bayanan su na pharmacokinetic kuma suna haɓaka masu aiki na aiki.

Magungunan ƙwayoyi na iya faruwa ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin huhu, kodan da adrenal gland.

4. Karkatawa

Exretion ya ƙunshi kawar da mahaɗan ta hanyoyi daban-daban, galibi a cikin koda, wanda ake yin kawar da shi ta hanyar fitsari. Bugu da kari, ana iya kawar da masu narkewar abinci ta hanyar wasu sifofin kamar hanji, ta hanyar najasa, huhu idan suna da yanayi, da kuma fata ta hanyar zufa, ruwan nono ko hawaye.

Abubuwa da yawa na iya tsoma baki tare da ilimin harhada magunguna kamar su shekaru, jima'i, nauyin jiki, cututtuka da kuma lalacewar wasu gabobi ko halaye kamar shan sigari da shan giya, misali.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics ya ƙunshi nazarin hulɗar magunguna tare da masu karɓar su, inda suke aiwatar da aikin su, suna samar da tasirin magani.

1. Wurin aiki

Wuraren da ake aiwatarwa sune wuraren da abubuwa masu ƙarancin rai, waɗanda abubuwa ne waɗanda kwayar halitta ta samar da su, ko ƙari, wanda shine batun ƙwayoyi, suna hulɗa don samar da amsar magani. Babban makasudin aiwatar da abubuwa masu aiki sune masu karɓa inda al'ada ce ta ɗauka abubuwa masu ƙarancin ƙarfi, tashoshin ion, masu jigilar kaya, enzymes da sunadaran tsarin.

2. Hanyar aiwatarwa

Hanyar aiwatarwa shine hulɗar sunadarai wanda aka bawa abu mai aiki tare da mai karɓa, yana samar da amsawar warkewa.

3. Tasirin warkewa

Tasirin warkewa shine fa'idodi mai amfani da ake buƙata wanda ƙwaya ke dashi a jiki yayin gudanarwa.