Mawallafi: Randy Alexander
Ranar Halitta: 3 Afrilu 2021
Sabuntawa: 18 Nuwamba 2024
Anonim
Emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Truvada)
Video: Emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Truvada)

Wadatacce

Menene Truvada?

Truvada magani ne na magani wanda ake amfani dashi don magance cutar kanjamau. Haka kuma ana amfani dashi don hana kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV a cikin mutanen da ke da babban haɗarin kamuwa da kwayar ta HIV. Wannan amfani, wanda ake ba da magani kafin mutum ya kamu da kwayar cutar HIV, ana kiran sa prophylaxis (PREP).

Truvada tana dauke da kwayoyi biyu a kwaya daya: emtricitabine da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Dukansu magungunan an rarraba su azaman masu hana fassarar kwayar halitta (NRTIs). Waɗannan magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ne, waɗanda ake amfani da su don magance kamuwa da cuta daga ƙwayoyin cuta. Wadannan takamaiman magungunan rigakafin suna yaki da kwayar HIV (kwayar cutar kanjamau).

Truvada tana zuwa ne a matsayin kwamfutar hannu da kuke sha sau ɗaya a rana.

Inganci

Don bayani game da tasirin Truvada, duba sashin “Truvada yayi amfani” a ƙasa.

Truvada gama gari

Truvada yana samuwa ne kawai azaman magani mai suna. Babu shi a halin yanzu a cikin sifa iri.

Truvada tana dauke da sinadarai masu aiki guda biyu: emtricitabine da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.


Sakamakon sakamako na Truvada

Truvada na iya haifar da lahani ko mummunan sakamako. Jerin na gaba yana ƙunshe da wasu mahimman abubuwan illa da zasu iya faruwa yayin shan Truvada. Wannan jerin ba ya haɗa da duk illa mai illa.

Don ƙarin bayani game da yuwuwar illa na Truvada, ko nasihu kan yadda zaka magance matsalar illa, yi magana da likitanka ko likitan magunguna.

Commonarin sakamako masu illa na kowa

Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa na Truvada sun haɗa da:

  • gajiya
  • tashin zuciya
  • amai
  • gudawa
  • jiri
  • cututtuka na numfashi
  • sinus kamuwa da cuta
  • kurji
  • ciwon kai
  • rashin bacci (matsalar bacci)
  • ciwon kashi
  • ciwon wuya
  • babban cholesterol

Yawancin waɗannan tasirin na iya wucewa cikin fewan kwanaki kaɗan ko makonni kaɗan. Idan sun fi tsanani ko kuma basu tafi ba, yi magana da likitanka ko likitan magunguna.

M sakamako mai tsanani

  • Matsalar hanta. Kwayar cututtuka na matsalolin hanta na iya haɗawa da:
    • zafi ko kumburi a cikin ciki (ciki)
    • tashin zuciya
    • amai
    • gajiya
    • raunin fata da fararen idanun ki
  • Bacin rai. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:
    • jin bakin ciki ko ƙasa
    • rage sha'awar ayyukan da kuka taɓa jin daɗinsu
    • yawan bacci ko kadan
    • gajiya ko rashin kuzari
  • Asarar kashi *
  • Matsalar koda *
  • Ciwon sake sake cuta *
  • Lactic acidosis *
  • Mafi munin kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B *

Bayanin sakamako na gefe

Kuna iya mamakin yadda sau da yawa wasu cututtukan illa ke faruwa tare da wannan magani. Anan ga wasu dalla-dalla kan wasu cututtukan da wannan maganin zai iya haifarwa.


Illolin aiki na dogon lokaci

Amfani da Truvada na dogon lokaci na iya haɓaka haɗarin asarar kashi da matsalolin koda.

Lokacin amfani dashi don magance cutar kanjamau, ana amfani da Truvada a haɗe tare da wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta. Dogaro da abin da ake sha da wasu kwayoyi tare da Truvada, sauran illolin dogon lokaci na iya faruwa.

Asarar kashi

Truvada na iya haifar da asarar ƙashi ga manya, da rage haɓakar ƙashi a cikin yara. Kodayake alamun farko na asarar kashi ba su da yawa, wasu alamun na iya haɗawa da:

  • dawo da gumis
  • weaker riko ƙarfi
  • mai rauni, farcen yatsun kafa

Idan ka dauki Truvada, likitanka na iya yin gwaje-gwaje don bincika asarar ƙashi. Hakanan suna iya ba da shawarar cewa ka ɗauki bitamin D da ƙwayoyin calcium don taimakawa hana ƙashin ƙashi.

Don gano yadda sau da yawa asarar kashi ke faruwa a cikin karatun asibiti, duba bayanin tsaran Truvada.

Matsalar koda

A wajan wasu mutane, Truvada na iya haifar ko haifar da matsalolin koda. Koyaya, haɗarin yana da ƙasa. Don gano yadda sau da yawa wannan tasirin ya faru a cikin nazarin asibiti, duba bayanin da aka tsara na Truvada.


Likitanka zaiyi gwajin jini dan duba aikin koda kafin da kuma lokacin maganin ka da Truvada. Idan kodanku basa aiki da kyau, likitanku na iya canza muku maganin Truvada. Idan kana da matsaloli masu yawa na koda, baza ka iya shan Truvada ba.

Kwayar cututtuka na matsalolin koda na iya haɗawa da:

  • kashi ko ciwon tsoka
  • rauni
  • gajiya
  • tashin zuciya
  • amai
  • rage fitowar fitsari

Idan waɗannan cututtukan sun faru ko sun zama masu tsanani, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar ku daina shan Truvada kuma ku koma zuwa wani magani.

Ciwon sake sake cuta

Maganin HIV tare da Truvada ko magunguna masu kama zasu iya haifar da saurin ci gaban aikin garkuwar ku (wanda ke yaƙar cuta).

A wasu lokuta, wannan na iya sa jikinka ya amsa cututtukan da ka taɓa samu a baya. Wannan na iya sa ya zama kamar kuna da sabon kamuwa da cuta, amma da gaske ne kawai tsarin garkuwar jikinku da ke ƙaruwa yana yin tasiri ga tsohuwar cuta.

Wannan yanayin ana kiransa rashin lafiyar sake gina jiki. Hakanan ana kiranta rigakafin sake gina jiki mai kumburi (IRIS), saboda jikinka yakan amsa kamuwa da cutar tare da yawan kumburi.

Misalan cututtukan da zasu iya “sake bayyana” tare da wannan yanayin sun haɗa da tarin fuka, ciwon huhu, da cututtukan fungal. Idan waɗannan cututtukan sun sake faruwa, likitanka zai iya ba da umarnin maganin rigakafi ko maganin antifungal don magance su.

Don gano yadda sau da yawa wannan cututtukan sake gina jiki ke faruwa a cikin karatun asibiti, duba bayanin tsaran Truvada. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko damuwa game da wannan tasirin, kuyi magana da likitanku ko likitan magunguna

Lactic acidosis

Akwai wasu rahotanni game da lactic acidosis a cikin mutanen da suka ɗauki Truvada. Lactic acidosis shine tarin acid a jiki wanda zai iya zama barazanar rai. Idan kun sami bayyanar cututtuka na lactic acidosis, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar dakatar da maganinku tare da Truvada.

Kwayar cututtukan lactic acidosis na iya haɗawa da:

  • Ciwon tsoka
  • rikicewa
  • numfashi mai kamshin 'ya'yan itace
  • rauni
  • gajiya
  • matsalar numfashi

Don gano yadda sau da yawa lactic acidosis ke faruwa a cikin nazarin asibiti, duba bayanin tsaran Truvada. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko damuwa game da wannan tasirin, kuyi magana da likitanku ko likitan magunguna.

Mafi munin kamuwa da kwayar cutar hepatitis B

Mafi munin kamuwa da kwayar cutar hepatitis B na iya faruwa ga mutanen da ke da cutar hepatitis B waɗanda suka daina shan Truvada. Idan kana da cutar hepatitis B kuma ka daina shan Truvada, likitanka zai yi gwajin jini lokaci zuwa lokaci don bincika hanta har tsawon watanni bayan tsayar da maganin.

Kwayar cutar hepatitis B na iya hadawa da:

  • zafi ko kumburi a cikin ciki
  • tashin zuciya
  • amai
  • gajiya
  • raunin fata da fararen idanun ki

Don gano yadda mafi yawan lalacewar cututtukan hepatitis B ke faruwa a karatun asibiti, duba bayanin tsaran Truvada. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko damuwa game da wannan tasirin, kuyi magana da likitanku ko likitan magunguna.

Rushewar fata

Rash sakamako ne na gama gari na Truvada. Wannan tasirin na iya tafiya tare da ci gaba da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Don gano yadda sau da yawa kurji ke faruwa a cikin karatun asibiti, duba bayanin tsafta na Truvada. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko damuwa game da wannan tasirin, kuyi magana da likitanku ko likitan magunguna.

Rage nauyi ko riba

Rage nauyi ya auku a cikin mutanen da ke ɗaukar Truvada. Don gano yadda sau da yawa asarar nauyi ke faruwa a cikin nazarin asibiti, duba bayanin Truvada.

Ba'a ba da rahoton karɓar nauyi a cikin nazarin Truvada ba.

Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko damuwa game da ɗayan waɗannan tasirin illa, kuyi magana da likitanku ko likitan magunguna.

Sashin Truvada

Bayani mai zuwa yana bayanin abubuwan da ake amfani dasu ko aka ba da shawarar. Koyaya, tabbatar da shan maganin da likitanka yayi maka. Likitan ku zai ƙayyade mafi kyawun sashi don dacewa da bukatun ku.

Magungunan ƙwayoyi da ƙarfi

Truvada tana zuwa ne a matsayin kwamfutar hannu wacce take dauke da kwayoyi biyu a kowace kwaya: emtricitabine da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Ya zo a cikin ƙarfi huɗu:

  • 100 mg emtricitabine / 150 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
  • 133 mg emtricitabine / 200 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
  • 167 mg emtricitabine / 250 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
  • 200 mg emtricitabine / 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

Sashi don maganin HIV

Sashin Truvada ya dogara da nauyin mutum. Waɗannan su ne hankula dosages:

  • Ga manya ko yara masu nauyin kilo 35 (kilo 77) ko fiye: Tabletaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu, 200 mg emtricitabine / 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, ana ɗauka sau ɗaya kowace rana.
  • Ga yara waɗanda nauyinsu yakai 28 zuwa 34 (62 zuwa 75 lb): Tabletaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu, 167 mg emtricitabine / 250 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, ana ɗauka sau ɗaya kowace rana.
  • Ga yara waɗanda nauyinsu yakai kilo 22 zuwa 27 (48 zuwa 59 lb): Tabletaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu, 133 mg emtricitabine / 200 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, ana ɗauka sau ɗaya kowace rana.
  • Ga yara waɗanda nauyinsu ya kai kilogiram 17 zuwa 21 (37 zuwa 46 lb): Tabletaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu, 100 mg emtricitabine / 150 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, ana ɗauka sau ɗaya kowace rana.

Ga mutanen da ke da cutar koda: Likitanka na iya canza sau nawa kake shan Truvada.

  • Don cututtukan ƙwayar koda, ba a buƙatar canjin canji.
  • Don cutar matsakaiciyar koda, kuna iya ɗaukar Truvada kowace rana.
  • Don cutar koda mai tsanani, gami da idan kana kan wankin koda, mai yiwuwa ba za ku iya ɗaukar Truvada ba.

Sashi don rigakafin HIV (PrEP)

Ga manya ko matasa waɗanda nauyinsu yakai kilogiram 35 (77 lbs) ko sama da haka, ana ɗauka ɗaya kwamfutar hannu na 200 mg emtricitabine / 300 mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate sau ɗaya a rana. (Mai ƙera ba ya ba da sashi don mutanen da nauyinsu bai kai kilo 35 ba [77 lbs]).

Idan kana da cutar koda, baza ka iya shan Truvada ba don kamuwa da cutar riga-kafin (PrEP).

Menene idan na rasa kashi? Shin zan sha kashi biyu?

Idan ka rasa kashi, ɗauki shi da zarar ka tuna. Amma idan kusan lokacin shan ku na gaba ne, kawai ɗauki wannan ƙwaya ɗaya. Kar a ninka kashi biyu don kamawa. Shan allurai biyu a lokaci guda na iya kara yawan hadarinka na mummunar illa.

Idan ka yi tunanin bazata dauki allurai biyu ko sama a wata rana ba, ka kira likitanka. Suna iya ba da shawarar magani don kowane alamun da za ku iya samu, ko magani don hana illa daga faruwa.

Gwaji kafin fara Truvada

Kafin fara Truvada, likitanka zaiyi wasu gwaje-gwajen jini. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen zasu bincika:

  • hepatitis B kamuwa da cuta
  • matsalolin aikin koda da hanta
  • kasancewar kamuwa da cutar HIV (na PrEP kawai)
  • Kwayar cutar kanjamau da kwayar halittar garkuwar jini (don maganin cutar HIV kawai)

Likitan ku zaiyi wadannan gwaje-gwajen jini da sauran su kafin fara shan Truvada, kuma lokaci zuwa lokaci yayin jinyar ku da magungunan.

Truvada yayi amfani

Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA) ta amince da magungunan ƙwayoyi irin su Truvada don magance wasu sharuɗɗa.

Truvada ta amince da FDA don magance cutar kanjamau, da kuma hana kamuwa da kwayar HIV a cikin mutanen da ke da babban haɗarin kamuwa da HIV. Wannan amfani na biyu, wanda a ciki ake ba da magani kafin mutum ya kamu da kwayar cutar HIV, ana kiran sa riga-kafi prophylaxis (PrEP).

Truvada na cutar kanjamau

An yarda da Truvada don magance cutar HIV a cikin manya da yara. HIV ƙwayar cuta ce da ke raunana garkuwar jiki. Ba tare da magani ba, kamuwa da kwayar HIV zai iya zama cutar kanjamau. A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da Truvada don magance mutanen da suka gwada wani magani na kwayar cutar HIV wanda bai yi aiki a gare su ba.

Ana daukar Truvada a matsayin magani na "kashin baya". Wannan yana nufin yana daya daga cikin magungunan da shirin magance cutar kanjamau ya dogara da shi. Ana shan wasu magunguna a haɗe tare da maganin kashin baya.

Ana amfani da Truvada koyaushe tare da aƙalla wani maganin rage ƙwayar cuta don magance cutar HIV. Misalan magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda za a iya amfani dasu tare da Truvada don magance cutar HIV sun haɗa da:

  • Yadawa (raltegravir)
  • Tivicay (dolutegravir)
  • Evotaz (atazanavir da kuma cobicistat)
  • Prezcobix (darunavir da cobicistat)
  • Kaletra (lopinavir da ritonavir)
  • Prezista (darunavir)
  • Reyataz (atazanavir)
  • Norvir (ritonavir)

Inganci don magance cutar kanjamau

Dangane da jagororin jiyya, Truvada, a hade tare da wani maganin rigakafin kwayar cutar, ana daukarta zabin farko ga mutumin da ya fara jinyar kanjamau.

Magungunan farko don HIV sune magunguna waɗanda sune:

  • tasiri don rage matakan ƙwayoyin cuta
  • da ƙananan sakamako masu illa fiye da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka
  • sauki don amfani

Yadda Truvada ke aiki da kowane mutum ya dogara da dalilai da yawa. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da:

  • halaye na cutar HIV
  • sauran yanayin kiwon lafiyar da suke dasu
  • yadda suke manne da tsarin maganin su

Don bayani game da yadda magungunan suka yi a cikin nazarin asibiti, duba bayanin tsaran Truvada.

Truvada don rigakafin kamuwa da cuta (PrEP)

Truvada shine kawai magani da aka yarda da FDA don maganin rigakafin cutar (PrEP). Har ila yau, shine kawai magani na PrEP wanda Cibiyar Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) ta ba da shawarar.

An yarda da Truvada don hana cutar HIV a cikin manya da matasa waɗanda ke da babban haɗarin kamuwa da HIV. Mutanen da ke da babban haɗarin kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV sun haɗa da waɗanda:

  • sami abokin tarayya wanda ke ɗauke da ƙwayar HIV
  • suna yin jima'i a cikin yanki inda HIV ta zama gama gari kuma suna da wasu abubuwan haɗari, kamar:
    • ba amfani da robaron roba ba
    • zaune a kurkuku ko kurkuku
    • shan barasa ko dogaro da ƙwayoyi
    • samun cutar ta hanyar jima'i
    • musanya jima'i don kuɗi, ƙwayoyi, abinci, ko matsuguni

Inganci don rigakafin HIV (PrEP)

Truvada shine kawai magani wanda Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA) ta amince dashi don PrEP. Har ila yau, shi ne kawai magani na PrEP wanda Cibiyar Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) ta ba da shawarar. An gano yana da tasiri wajen rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar HIV.

Don bayani game da yadda magungunan suka yi a cikin karatun asibiti, duba bayanin Truvada da kuma wannan binciken.

Amfani da Truvada tare da wasu magunguna

Ana amfani da Truvada don magance cutar kanjamau. Haka kuma ana amfani dashi don hana kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV a cikin mutanen da ke da babban haɗarin kamuwa da kwayar ta HIV. Wannan amfani na biyu ana kiransa prophylaxis mai saurin bayyana (PrEP).

Yi amfani tare da wasu magunguna don maganin cutar kanjamau

Lokacin amfani dashi don magance cutar kanjamau, ana amfani da Truvada a haɗe tare da wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Dangane da jagororin maganin cutar kanjamau, Truvada ya hade tare da wani maganin rigakafin cutar kamar Tivicay (dolutegravir) ko Isentress (raltegravir) a matsayin babban zaɓi na farko lokacin fara maganin cutar HIV. A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da Truvada don magance mutanen da suka gwada wani magani na kwayar cutar HIV wanda bai yi aiki a gare su ba.

Magungunan farko don HIV sune magunguna waɗanda sune:

  • tasiri don rage matakan ƙwayoyin cuta
  • da ƙananan sakamako masu illa fiye da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka
  • sauki don amfani

Truvada da Tivicay

Tivicay (dolutegravir) wani nau'in magani ne da ake kira mai haɗa kanjamau. Sau da yawa ana amfani da Tivicay a hade tare da Truvada don magance cutar kanjamau.

Dangane da ka'idojin jiyya, daukar Truvada tare da Tivicay shine zabin farko ga mutanen da suke fara jinyar HIV.

Truvada da Isentress

Isentress (raltegravir) wani nau'in magani ne da ake kira mai haɗa kanjamau. Ana amfani da isentress tare da Truvada don magance cutar kanjamau.

Dangane da ka’idojin maganin cutar kanjamau, daukar Truvada tare da Isentress shine zabin farko ga mutanen da suke fara jinyar HIV.

Truvada da Kaletra

Kaletra ya ƙunshi kwayoyi biyu a cikin kwaya ɗaya: lopinavir da ritonavir. Dukansu magungunan da ke cikin Kaletra an ƙididdige su azaman masu hana haɓaka.

Kaletra wani lokacin ana hada ta da Truvada don magance cutar kanjamau. Kodayake haɗin yana da tasiri don magance cutar kanjamau, jagororin jiyya ba sa ba da shawarar a matsayin zaɓi na farko ga yawancin mutane da suka fara maganin HIV. Wancan ne saboda wannan haɗin yana da haɗarin tasirin illa fiye da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka.

Ba a amfani da shi tare da wasu magunguna don HIV PrEP

Ana amfani da Truvada shi kaɗai lokacin da aka tsara shi don rigakafin kamuwa da cutar (PrEP). Ba'a amfani dashi tare da wasu magunguna.

Truvada da barasa

Shan shan giya yayin shan Truvada na iya ƙara haɗarin wasu illolin, kamar su:

  • tashin zuciya
  • amai
  • gudawa
  • ciwon kai

Shan giya da yawa da shan Truvada na iya kara yawan haɗarin hanta ko matsalolin koda.

Idan ka sha Truvada, yi magana da likitanka game da ko shan giya ba shi da wata illa a gare ku.

Hulɗar Truvada

Truvada na iya ma'amala da wasu magunguna da yawa. Hakanan yana iya ma'amala tare da wasu abubuwan kari, haka kuma tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace.

Hanyoyi daban-daban na iya haifar da sakamako daban-daban. Misali, wasu na iya tsoma baki game da yadda kwayoyi ke aiki da kyau, yayin da wasu na iya haifar da ƙarin illa.

Truvada da sauran magunguna

Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin magungunan da za su iya hulɗa tare da Truvada. Wannan jeren ba ya ƙunsar duk magungunan da zasu iya hulɗa da Truvada.

Kafin ka ɗauki Truvada, ka tabbata ka gaya wa likitanka da likitan magunguna game da duk takardar sayen magani, da kan-kan-da-sauran, da sauran magungunan da kake sha. Har ila yau, gaya musu game da kowane bitamin, ganye, da abubuwan da kuke amfani da su. Raba wannan bayanin na iya taimaka maka ka guji yiwuwar mu'amala.

Idan kuna da tambayoyi game da ma'amalar miyagun ƙwayoyi waɗanda zasu iya shafar ku, tambayi likitan ku ko likitan magunguna.

Magunguna waɗanda zasu iya hulɗa tare da Truvada

Da ke ƙasa akwai misalan magunguna waɗanda zasu iya ma'amala da Truvada. Wannan jeren ba ya ƙunsar duk magungunan da zasu iya ma'amala da Truvada.

  • Magungunan da ke shafar aikin koda. Ana cire Truvada daga jikinku ta koda. Shan Truvada tare da wasu magungunan da kodar ka suka cire, ko kuma magungunan da zasu iya lalata maka koda, na iya kara matakan Truvada a jikin ka da kuma kara samun illar hakan. Misalan magungunan da koda ta cire ko kuma zasu iya lalata ƙodarka sun haɗa da:
    • acyclovir (Zovirax)
    • adefovir (Hepsera)
    • asfirin
    • cidofovir
    • diclofenac (Cambiya, Voltaren, Zorvolex)
    • ganciclovir (Cytovene)
    • gentamicin
    • ibuprofen (Motrin)
    • naproxen (Aleve)
    • valacyclovir (Valtrex)
    • gagarinka (Valcyte)
  • Atazanavir. Shan Truvada tare da atazanavir (Reyataz), wanda wani magani ne na kwayar cutar kanjamau, na iya rage matakan atazanavir a jikinka. Wannan na iya sa atazanavir ƙasa da tasiri.
  • Didanosine. Shan Truvada tare da didanosine (Videx EC) na iya kara matakan didanosine a jikinka kuma ya kara kasadar illar didanosine.
  • Epclusa. Magungunan da ke maganin hepatitis C, Epclusa ya ƙunshi kwayoyi biyu a cikin kwaya ɗaya: sofosbuvir da velpatasvir.Epaukar Epclusa tare da Truvada na iya haɓaka matakan jikin ku na tenofovir, ɗayan abubuwan haɗin Truvada. Wannan na iya haɓaka haɗarin tasirinku daga tenofovir.
  • Harvoni. Magungunan da ke maganin hepatitis C, Harvoni ya ƙunshi magunguna biyu a cikin kwaya ɗaya: sofosbuvir da ledipasvir. Haraukar Harvoni tare da Truvada na iya haɓaka matakan jikinka na tenofovir, ɗayan abubuwan haɗin Truvada. Wannan na iya haɓaka haɗarin tasirinku daga tenofovir.
  • Kaletra. Kaletra, wani maganin cutar kanjamau, ya ƙunshi magunguna biyu a cikin kwaya ɗaya: lopinavir da ritonavir. Kaaukar Kaletra tare da Truvada na iya haɓaka matakan jikinka na tenofovir, ɗayan sinadaran Truvada. Wannan na iya haɓaka haɗarin tasirinku daga tenefovir.

Truvada da inabi

Shan ruwan inabi yayin shan Truvada na iya kara yawan matakan jikin ku na tenofovir, daya daga cikin sinadaran da ke Truvada. Wannan na iya haɓaka haɗarin tasirinku daga tenofovir. Idan kana shan Truvada, kar ka sha ruwan inabi.

Babu wani karatu da aka yi kan illar cin ɗanyen inabi yayin shan Truvada. Koyaya, zai iya zama da kyau a guji cin yawancin pea graan itacen inabi don kauce wa yuwuwar ƙarin illa.

Sauya zuwa Truvada

Truvada tana dauke da kwayoyi biyu a kwaya daya: emtricitabine da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Wadannan kwayoyi an kasafta su azaman masu hana fassarar kwayar halitta (NRTIs). Ana amfani da Truvada wajen magancewa da hana kamuwa da kwayar HIV.

Akwai sauran magunguna da yawa wadanda ake amfani dasu don magance cutar kanjamau. Wasu na iya zama sun fi dacewa da kai fiye da wasu. Yi magana da likitanka don ƙarin koyo game da wasu magunguna waɗanda zasu iya aiki da kyau a gare ku.

Sauran hanyoyin magance cutar HIV

Lokacin amfani da shi don magance cutar kanjamau, ana haɗa Truvada da sauran magungunan cutar kanjamau. Haɗuwa tsakanin Truvada sune Truvada da Isentress (raltegravir), da Truvada da Tivicay (dolutegravir). Waɗannan ana ɗauka zaɓuɓɓukan magani na farko-farko don mutanen da suka fara maganin cutar HIV.

Misalan sauran haɗakar magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na HIV waɗanda za a iya amfani dasu don magance cutar HIV sun haɗa da:

  • Biktarvy (bictegravir, emtricitabine, tenofovir alafenamide)
  • Genvoya (elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir alafenamide, emtricitabine)
  • Ribaddamarwa (elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine)
  • Mai gabatarwa (raltegravir) da Descovy (tenofovir alafenamide da emtricitabine)
  • Mai gabatarwa (raltegravir) da Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) da lamivudine
  • Tivicay (dolutegravir) da ƙari Descovy (tenofovir alafenamide da emtricitabine)
  • Tivicay (dolutegravir) da ƙari Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) da lamivudine
  • Triumeq (dolutegravir, abacavir, lamivudine)

Magungunan farko don HIV sune magunguna waɗanda:

  • taimaka rage matakan ƙwayoyin cuta
  • da ƙananan sakamako masu illa fiye da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka
  • suna da sauƙin amfani

Akwai wasu magunguna da ƙwayoyi masu yawa waɗanda ake amfani da su don magance ƙwayar cuta ta HIV a wasu yanayi, amma waɗannan yawanci ana amfani da su ne kawai lokacin da ba za a iya amfani da haɗin magungunan farko ba.

Sauran hanyoyin maganin rigakafin cutar kanjamau (PrEP)

Truvada shine kadai magani da FDA ta yarda dashi don PrEP. Har ila yau, shi ne kawai magani na PrEP wanda Cibiyar Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) ta ba da shawarar. A halin yanzu, babu wasu hanyoyin madadin Truvada don PrEP.

Truvada da Descovy

Kuna iya mamakin yadda Truvada yake kwatanta da sauran magunguna waɗanda aka tsara don amfani iri ɗaya. Anan zamu kalli yadda Truvada da Descovy suke da kamanceceniya da juna.

Sinadaran

Truvada tana dauke da kwayoyi biyu a kwaya daya: emtricitabine da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Descovy kuma yana dauke da kwayoyi biyu a kwaya daya: emtricitabine da tenofovir alafenamide.

Dukansu magunguna suna dauke da kwayar tenofovir, amma ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Truvada tana dauke da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate kuma Descovy na dauke da tenofovir alafenamide. Wadannan kwayoyi suna kama sosai, amma suna da dan bambanci a jiki.

Yana amfani da

Truvada da Descovy duk sun sami izinin FDA don magance ƙwayar cuta ta HIV lokacin da aka yi amfani da su tare da sauran magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta.

An kuma yarda da Truvada don yin rigakafin kwayar HIV a cikin mutanen da ke da babban haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ta HIV. Wannan ana kiran sa prophylaxis kafin bayyanawa (PrEP).

Sigogi da gudanarwa

Truvada da Descovy duk suna zuwa kamar allunan baka wanda ake sha sau daya a rana.

Sakamakon sakamako da kasada

Truvada da Descovy magunguna ne masu kama da juna kuma suna haifar da sakamako irin na yau da kullun.

Commonarin sakamako masu illa na kowa

Misalan abubuwan da suka fi illa na Truvada da Descovy sun haɗa da:

  • gudawa
  • ciwon kai
  • gajiya
  • cututtuka na numfashi
  • ciwon wuya
  • amai
  • kurji

M sakamako mai tsanani

Misalan mummunan sakamako masu illa waɗanda Truvada da Descovy suka raba sun haɗa da:

  • asarar kashi
  • lalacewar koda
  • hanta lalacewa
  • lactic acidosis
  • cututtuka na sake gina jiki

Dukansu Truvada da Descovy duk suna da gargadin daga hukumar ta FDA. Gargadi mai ban tsoro shine mafi tsananin gargaɗin da FDA ke buƙata. Gargadin sun bayyana cewa wadannan kwayoyi na iya haifar da kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B lokacin da aka daina amfani da magungunan.

Truvada da Descovy na iya haifar da asarar kashi da cutar koda. Koyaya, Descovy yana haifar da raunin kashi fiye da Truvada. Descovy kuma ba zai iya haifar da cutar koda ba kamar Truvada.

Inganci

Ba a kwatanta tasirin Truvada da Descovy kai tsaye a cikin nazarin asibiti. Koyaya, kwatancen kai tsaye ya nuna cewa Truvada da Descovy na iya yin tasiri daidai wajan magance cutar HIV.

Dangane da jagororin jiyya, Truvada ko Descovy hade da wani maganin rigakafin cutar, kamar su Tivicay (dolutegravir) ko Isentress (raltegravir), ana daukar su ne zabin farko yayin fara cutar kanjamau.

Kudin

Kudin ko dai Truvada ko Descovy na iya bambanta dangane da tsarin maganinku. Don bitar yiwuwar farashin, ziyarci GoodRx.com. Gaskiyar farashin da za ku biya don ko dai magani ya dogara da inshorar ku. wurinka, da kuma kantin magani da kake amfani da shi.

Yadda ake shan Truvada

Ya kamata ku ɗauki Truvada bisa ga umarnin likitanku.

Lokaci

Ya kamata a sha Truvada sau ɗaya a rana kusan sau ɗaya a kowace rana.

Shan Truvada tare da abinci

Ana iya ɗaukar Truvada tare da ko ba tare da abinci ba. Shan shi tare da abinci na iya taimakawa rage duk wani ciwon ciki wanda magani zai iya haifarwa.

Shin za'a iya murkushe Truvada?

Ba za a murƙushe kwamfutar hannu ta Truvada ba. Dole ne a haɗiye shi duka.

Yadda Truvada ke aiki

Truvada tana dauke da kwayoyi biyu: emtricitabine da tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Wadannan magungunan sune dukkanin masu hana yaduwar kwayar halitta (NRTIs).

Wadannan kwayoyi suna toshe wani enzyme da ake kira transcriptase wanda kwayar cutar HIV ke bukatar kwafin kanta. Ta hanyar toshe wannan enzyme, Truvada yana hana kwayar cutar girma da kwafin kanta. A sakamakon haka, matakan HIV a jikinku sun fara raguwa.

Yaya tsawon lokacin aiki?

Magungunan da ke cikin Truvada suna fara aiki yanzunnan don rage matakan ƙwayoyin cuta. Koyaya, yana iya ɗaukar wata ɗaya zuwa shida na magani kafin matakan HIV ɗinka sun yi ƙasa sosai yadda ba za a iya gano su a cikin jininka ba. (Wannan shine makasudin magani. Lokacin da ba a gano kwayar cutar ta HIV, ba za a sake watsa ta ga wani mutum ba.)

Kiyayewa na Truvada

Wannan magani yana da gargaɗin gargajiyar daga Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA). Gargadi mai ban tsoro shine gargadi mafi karfi da FDA ke buƙata. Gargaɗin gargaɗi na faɗakarwa ga likitoci da marasa lafiya game da tasirin kwayoyi waɗanda na iya zama haɗari.

  • Mafi munin kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B (HBV): HBV kamuwa da cuta na iya kara tsanantawa ga mutanen da ke da cutar ta HBV kuma su daina shan Truvada. Idan kana da HBV kuma ka daina shan Truvada, likitanka zai yi gwajin jini don bincika hanta daga lokaci zuwa lokaci har tsawon wasu watanni bayan ka tsayar da maganin. Kuna iya buƙatar magani don kamuwa da cutar HBV.
  • Juriya ga Truvada: Ba za a yi amfani da Truvada ba don kamuwa da cutar (PrEP) a cikin mutanen da suka riga sun kamu da kwayar cutar ta HIV saboda wannan na iya haifar da juriyar kwayar cutar ta Truvada. Juriya ta kwayar cuta yana nufin ba za a iya magance cutar HIV da Truvada ba. Idan kana amfani da Truvada don PrEP, likitanka zaiyi gwajin jini don kamuwa da kwayar HIV kafin ka fara jinya kuma aƙalla kowane wata uku yayin maganin ka.

Sauran kiyayewa

Kafin shan Truvada, yi magana da likitanka game da tarihin lafiyar ku. Truvada bazai dace da kai ba idan kana da wasu halaye na likita ko wasu abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar ka. Wadannan sun hada da:

  • Ciwon koda: Truvada na iya lalata aikin koda ga mutanen da ke da cutar koda. Idan kuna da cutar koda, kuna buƙatar shan Truvada kowace rana maimakon yau da kullun. Idan kana da cutar koda mai tsanani, baza ka iya shan Truvada ba.
  • Ciwon Hanta: Truvada na iya haifar da cutar hanta. Idan kuna da cutar hanta, Truvada na iya sa yanayinku ya zama mafi muni.
  • Ciwon ƙashi: Truvada na iya haifar da zubar kashi. Idan kuna da cututtukan ƙashi, kamar su osteoporosis, kuna iya samun haɗarin karayar ƙashi idan kuka sha Truvada.

Lura: Don ƙarin bayani game da tasirin mummunan tasirin Truvada, duba sashin “sakamakon illa na Truvada” a sama.

Truvada ya wuce gona da iri

Shan yawancin wannan magani na iya kara yawan haɗarinku na mummunan sakamako.

Symptomsara yawan ƙwayoyi

Kwayar cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya haɗawa da:

  • ciki ciki
  • gudawa
  • amai
  • gajiya
  • ciwon kai
  • jiri
  • alamun cututtuka na lalacewar koda, kamar:
    • kashi ko ciwon tsoka
    • rauni
    • gajiya
    • tashin zuciya
    • amai
    • rage fitowar fitsari
  • alamun cututtukan hanta, kamar:
    • zafi ko kumburi a cikin ciki
    • tashin zuciya
    • amai
    • gajiya
    • rawaya fata ko fararen idanun ku

Abin da za a yi idan ya wuce gona da iri

Idan kuna tsammanin kun sha da yawa daga wannan magani, kira likitanku ko ku nemi jagora daga Americanungiyar ofungiyar Kula da Guba ta Amurka a 800-222-1222 ko ta hanyar kayan aikin su na kan layi. Amma idan alamun ka masu tsanani ne, kira 911 ko ka je dakin gaggawa mafi kusa kai tsaye.

Truvada da ciki

Shan Truvada yayin farkon farkon ciki uku bai bayyana kara yawan hadarin nakasar haihuwa ba. Koyaya, babu wani bayani da za'a samu game da illar Truvada idan aka ɗauke shi a lokacin na uku ko na uku, ko kuma idan Truvada ya ƙara haɗarin zubar da ciki.

A cikin karatun dabbobi, Truvada bashi da cutarwa akan zuriya. Koyaya, karatun dabbobi ba koyaushe ke nuna yadda mutane zasu amsa ba.

Idan kana da ciki ko shirin yin ciki, yi magana da likitanka kafin ka ɗauki Truvada. Idan kayi ciki yayin shan Truvada, yi magana da likitanka yanzunnan.

Truvada da nono

Ana ba da magungunan da ke cikin Truvada a cikin ruwan nono. Iyaye mata da ke shan Truvada kada su shayar da nono, saboda yaron da aka shayar yana iya samun illa daga Truvada.

Wani dalili kuma na rashin shayarwa shine cewa ana iya daukar kwayar cutar ta HIV ta hanyar shan nono. A Amurka, Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) sun ba da shawarar cewa matan da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV su guji shayarwa.

(Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya har yanzu tana karfafa shayar da jarirai nonon mata masu cutar kanjamau a kasashe da dama.)

Tambayoyi gama gari don Truvada

Anan akwai amsoshi ga wasu tambayoyin da akai akai akai game da Truvada.

Shin Truvada na iya haifar da ciwon suga?

Ciwon sukari ba sakamako ba ne wanda aka ruwaito a cikin nazarin Truvada. Koyaya, yanayin koda wanda ake kira nephrogenic ciwon sukari insipidus ya faru a cikin mutanen da ke shan Truvada. Tare da wannan yanayin, kodan ba sa aiki daidai, kuma mutum ya wuce yawan fitsari. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin ruwa a jiki.

Idan kana da wannan yanayin kuma ya zama mai tsanani, likitanka na iya dakatar da maganin ka na Truvada.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan nephrogenic insipidus na iya haɗawa da:

  • bushe fata
  • rage ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
  • jiri
  • gajiya
  • ciwon kai
  • ciwon tsoka
  • asarar nauyi
  • orthostatic hypotension (ƙarancin jini yana haifar da jiri akan tsaye)

Shin za'a iya amfani da Truvada don magance cututtukan fata?

Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam ba ta ba da shawarar Truvada don hana kamuwa da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mutanen da ke ɗauke da ƙwayar HIV.

Koyaya, wasu karatun asibiti sun gwada ko Truvada, lokacin amfani dashi ga PrEP, yana iya hana kamuwa da cutar ta herpes. Wadannan karatuttukan, waɗanda za'a iya samu anan da kuma nan, sun sami sakamako mai haɗe.

Idan kuna da tambayoyi game da amfani da Truvada don magance cututtukan herpes, yi magana da likitanku ko likitan magunguna.

Zan iya amfani da Tylenol yayin da nake shan Truvada?

Babu rahoton hulɗa tsakanin Tylenol (acetaminophen) da Truvada. Koyaya, shan babban allurai na Tylenol na iya haifar da lalata hanta. A wasu lokuta, Truvada shima ya haifar da cutar hanta. Shan babban allurai na Tylenol tare da Truvada na iya kara yawan hadarin cutar hanta.

Vadaarewar Truvada

Lokacin da aka fitar da Truvada daga kantin magani, likitan zai ƙara kwanan wata na karewa zuwa lakabin akan kwalbar. Wannan kwanan wata galibi shekara ɗaya ce daga ranar da aka ba da magani. Dalilin wannan ranar karewar shine a tabbatar da ingancin magani a wannan lokacin.

Matsayi na Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta yanzu (FDA) shine gujewa amfani da magungunan da suka ƙare. Koyaya, binciken FDA ya nuna cewa magunguna da yawa na iya zama masu kyau fiye da ranar ƙarewa da aka jera akan kwalban.

Har yaushe maganin ya kasance mai kyau na iya dogara da dalilai da yawa, gami da yadda da kuma inda ake adana maganin. Ya kamata a adana Truvada a cikin akwati na asali a yanayin zafin ɗaki, a kusan 77 ° F (25 ° C).

Idan kana da maganin da ba a amfani da shi wanda ya wuce ranar karewa, yi magana da likitan ka game da ko har yanzu zaka iya amfani da shi.

Bayanin doka: Labaran Likita A Yau yayi iya ƙoƙari don tabbatar da cewa dukkan bayanai gaskiyane, ingantattu, kuma ingantattu. Koyaya, wannan labarin bai kamata ayi amfani dashi azaman madadin ilimi da ƙwarewar ƙwararren likita mai lasisi ba. Ya kamata koyaushe ku tuntuɓi likitanku ko wasu masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya kafin shan kowane magani. Bayanin magani da ke cikin wannan batun na iya canzawa kuma ba ana nufin ya rufe duk amfanin da zai yiwu ba, kwatance, kiyayewa, gargaɗi, hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi, halayen rashin lafiyan, ko cutarwa. Rashin gargadin ko wasu bayanai don maganin da aka bayar baya nuna cewa magani ko haɗin magungunan yana da aminci, tasiri, ko dacewa ga duk marasa lafiya ko duk takamaiman amfani.

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