6 gwaje-gwaje waɗanda ke kimanta thyroid

Wadatacce

• 1. Yawan sinadarin hormones na thyroid
• 2. Yin amfani da kwayoyin cuta
• 3. Duban dan tayi
• 4. maganin karoid
• 5. Kwayar halittar ka
• 6. Gwajin kai na thyroid
• Lokacin da kake buƙatar yin gwajin thyroid

Don gano cututtukan da ke shafar thyroid, likita na iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje da yawa don tantance girman gland, kasancewar ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta da aikin thyroid. Don haka, likita na iya ba da shawarar sashin homonin da ke da alaƙa kai tsaye da aikin aikin maganin kawan, kamar TSH, T4 kyauta da T3, da kuma gwajin hoto don bincika kasancewar nodules, kamar su thyroid ultrasound, misali .

Duk da haka, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin takamaiman gwaje-gwaje, kamar scintigraphy, biopsy ko antibody test, wanda ƙwararren likita zai iya ba da shawarar yayin binciken wasu cututtuka, kamar su thyroiditis ko ciwan ƙwanƙwasa, misali. Duba alamun da zasu iya nuna matsalolin thyroid.

Gwajin jini

Gwajin da aka nema don kimanta thyroid sune:

1. Yawan sinadarin hormones na thyroid

Gwajin hormones na thyroid ta hanyar gwajin jini yana bawa likita damar kimanta aikin gland, yana yiwuwa a bincika idan mutum yana da canje-canje masu nuna hypo ko hyperthyroidism, misali.

Kodayake ƙimar tunani na iya bambanta gwargwadon shekarun mutum, kasancewar ciki da dakin gwaje-gwaje, ƙa'idodin al'ada gabaɗaya sun haɗa da:

Bayan gano canji a cikin aikin maganin ka, likitan zai kimanta bukatar yin odar wasu gwaje-gwajen da zasu taimaka wajen gano musabbabin wadannan canje-canjen, kamar su duban dan tayi ko aune-aune, misali.

Fahimci sakamakon sakamako na gwajin TSH

2. Yin amfani da kwayoyin cuta

Hakanan za'a iya yin gwajin jini don auna kwayoyin cuta kan cutar ta thyroid, wanda jiki zai iya samarwa a wasu cututtukan da ke cikin jiki, kamar su thyroiditis na Hashimoto ko cututtukan kabari, alal misali. Babban su ne:

• Anti-peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO): yanzu a cikin mafi yawan shari'o'in Hashimoto na thyroiditis, cutar da ke haifar da lalacewar kwayar halitta da sannu a hankali asarar aikin aikin karoid;
• Anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg): yana nan a lokuta da dama na cutar thyroid ta Hashimoto, amma, ana samunta a cikin mutane ba tare da wani canji na maganin ba, sabili da haka, ganowa ba koyaushe ke nuna cewa cutar za ta ci gaba ba;
• Anti-TSH mai karɓar ƙwayar cuta (anti-TRAB): na iya kasancewa a cikin yanayin hyperthyroidism, galibi sanadiyyar cutar Graves. Gano menene kuma yadda ake magance cutar ta Kaburbura.

Ya kamata kawai likitocin su nemi taimakon kwayoyin halittar da ke cikin kwayar cutar yayin da aka canza sinadarin thyroid, ko kuma idan ana zargin cutar ta thyroid, a matsayin wata hanya da za ta taimaka wajen bayyana dalilin.

3. Duban dan tayi

Anyi amfani da duban dan tayi na thyroid don tantance girman glanden da gaban canje-canje kamar cysts, ciwace-ciwacen daji, goiter ko nodules. Kodayake wannan gwajin ba zai iya faɗi idan wata cuta ta cutar kansa ce ba, yana da matukar amfani a gano halayenta kuma a jagoranci huɗa nodules ko cysts don taimakawa cikin ganowar.

Thyroid duban dan tayi

4. maganin karoid

Thyroid scintigraphy bincike ne wanda yake amfani da ƙaramin iodine na rediyo da kyamara ta musamman don samun hoton maganin ka, da kuma gano matakin aikin nodule.

Ana nuna shi da yawa don bincika nodules da ake zargi da cutar kansa ko kuma duk lokacin da ake zargin hyperthyroidism sanadiyyar ɓoyewar ɓoye-hormone, wanda kuma ake kira ƙwanƙwasa mai zafi ko rashin aiki. Gano yadda ake yin scintigraphy na thyroid da yadda ake shirya gwajin.

5. Kwayar halittar ka

Ana yin biopsy ko huda don gano ko nodule ko mafitsara mara kyau ko mara kyau. Yayin gwajin, likita ya sanya allura mai kyau zuwa ga nodule kuma ya cire karamin adadin nama ko ruwa wanda ya samar da wannan kwayar, don a kimanta wannan samfurin a dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Kwayar cututtukan thyroid zai iya cutar ko haifar da rashin jin daɗi saboda wannan gwajin ba a yi shi a ƙarƙashin maganin rigakafi kuma likita na iya motsa allurar yayin gwajin don iya ɗaukar samfura daga sassa daban-daban na nodule ko neman babban ruwa. Jarabawar tana da sauri kuma tana ɗaukar kimanin minti 10 sannan kuma dole ne mutum ya kasance tare da bandeji a wurin na fewan awanni.

6. Gwajin kai na thyroid

Za a iya yin gwajin kansa na thyroid don gano kasancewar cysts ko nodules a cikin gland, yana da mahimmanci don taimakawa gano kowane canje-canje da wuri da hana rigakafin cututtuka kuma ya kamata a yi, galibi, mata sama da 35 ko tare da tarihin iyali na matsalolin thyroid.

Don cimma wannan, dole ne a bi matakai masu zuwa:

• Riƙe madubi kuma gano wurin da thyroid yake, wanda ke ƙasa da tuffa na Adamu, wanda aka sani da "gogó";
• Dan karkatar da wuyanku dan dan bayyana yankin da kyau;
• Sha ruwan sha;
• Yi la'akari da motsi na thyroid kuma gano idan akwai wani fitina, asymmetry.

Idan duk wani abin da ya faru na rashin lafiyar thyroid, yana da muhimmanci a nemi kulawar likitancin ko kuma babban likita domin a gudanar da bincike tare da gwaje-gwajen da za su iya tabbatar ko canjin canjin.

Lokacin da kake buƙatar yin gwajin thyroid

Ana nuna gwajin thyroid don mutane fiye da shekaru 35 ko a baya idan akwai alamun bayyanar ko tarihin iyali na canjin thyroid, matan da suke da ciki ko kuma suke son yin ciki da kuma mutanen da suka lura da canje-canje yayin binciken kansu ko gwajin lafiyar thyroid.

Bugu da ƙari, ana nuna gwaje-gwaje bayan maganin radiation don wuyan wuya ko kansar kai da kuma yayin jiyya tare da ƙwayoyi kamar lithium, amiodarone ko cytokines, alal misali, waɗanda zasu iya tsoma baki tare da aikin maganin karoid.