Haɗarin lafiyar kiba

Kiba wani yanayi ne na kiwon lafiya wanda yawan kitsen jiki yana kara damar bunkasa matsalolin lafiya.

Mutanen da ke da kiba suna da babbar dama ta haɓaka waɗannan matsalolin kiwon lafiya:

• Babban glucose na jini (sukari) ko ciwon sukari.
• Hawan jini (hauhawar jini).
• Babban cholesterol na jini da triglycerides (dyslipidemia, ko hawan jini).
• Zuciyar zuciya saboda cututtukan zuciya, zuciya, da bugun jini.
• Matsalar ƙashi da haɗin gwiwa, ƙarin nauyi yana sanya matsa lamba akan ƙasusuwa da haɗin gwiwa. Wannan na iya haifar da cutar sanyin kashi, cutar da ke haifar da ciwon gabobi da taurin kai.
• Dakatar da numfashi yayin bacci (barcin bacci). Wannan na iya haifar da gajiyawar rana ko bacci, rashin kulawa da kyau, da matsaloli a wajen aiki.
• Matsalar tsakuwa da matsalolin hanta.
• Wasu kansar.

Abubuwa uku za a iya amfani da su don tantance ko kitsen jikin mutum ya ba su babbar dama ta ci gaba da cututtukan da suka shafi kiba:

• Indexididdigar nauyin jiki (BMI)
• Girman kugu
• Sauran abubuwan haɗarin da mutum ke da shi (haɗarin haɗari shine duk abin da ke ƙaruwa da damar kamuwa da cuta)

Masana suna yawan dogaro da BMI don tantance ko mutum ya yi kiba. BMI ta kimanta matakin jikin ki dangane da tsayi da nauyin ki.

Farawa daga 25.0, mafi girman BMI ɗinka, mafi girman haɗarinku shine haifar da matsalolin kiwon lafiya masu alaƙa da kiba. Ana amfani da waɗannan jeri na BMI don bayyana matakan haɗari:

• Yayi nauyi (ba mai kiba ba), idan BMI yakai 25.0 zuwa 29.9
• Class 1 (mai ƙananan haɗari) kiba, idan BMI ya kasance 30.0 zuwa 34.9
• Class 2 (mai matsakaicin-haɗari) kiba, idan BMI ya kasance 35.0 zuwa 39.9
• Class 3 (mai saurin haɗari) kiba, idan BMI yayi daidai ko ya fi 40.0 girma

Akwai gidajen yanar gizo da yawa tare da masu lissafi waɗanda ke ba BMI ɗinka lokacin da ka shigar da nauyi da tsawo.

Mata masu girman kugu fiye da inci 35 (santimita 89) kuma maza masu girman kugu fiye da inci 40 (santimita 102) suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da kuma buga ciwon sukari na 2. Mutanen da suke da jikin "mai siffar apple" (kugu ya fi kwatangwalo girma) kuma suna da haɗarin haɗari ga waɗannan yanayin.

Samun haɗarin haɗari ba yana nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar ba. Amma yana ƙara damar da kuke so. Wasu dalilai masu haɗari, kamar shekaru, launin fata, ko tarihin iyali ba za a iya canza su ba.

Thearin abubuwan haɗarin da kuke da su, ƙila za ku iya kamuwa da cuta ko matsalar lafiya.

Hadarinku na bunkasa matsalolin lafiya kamar cututtukan zuciya, bugun jini, da matsalolin koda yana ƙaruwa idan kuna da ƙiba kuma kuna da waɗannan abubuwan haɗarin:

• Hawan jini (hauhawar jini)
• Babban cholesterol na jini ko triglycerides
• Babban glucose na jini (sukari), alama ce ta ciwon sukari irin na 2

Waɗannan sauran abubuwan haɗarin na cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini ba su haifar da kiba:

• Samun dan uwa kasa da shekaru 50 tare da cutar zuciya
• Kasancewa baya aiki a cikin jiki ko kuma rayuwa mai nutsuwa
• Shan taba ko amfani da kayayyakin taba na kowane iri

Kuna iya sarrafa yawancin waɗannan abubuwan haɗarin ta hanyar sauya salon rayuwar ku. Idan kuna da kiba, mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai iya taimaka muku fara shirin rage nauyi. Manufar farawa na rasa 5% zuwa 10% na nauyinku na yanzu zai rage haɗarinku na haɓaka cututtukan da suka shafi kiba.

• Kiba da kiwon lafiya

Cowley MA, Brown WA, Considine RV. Kiba: matsala da yadda ake sarrafa ta. A cikin: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Manya da Yara. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 26.

Jensen MD. Kiba. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 220.

Moyer VA; Tasungiyar Servicesungiyar Ayyukan rigakafin Amurka. Nunawa da kula da kiba a cikin manya: Bayanin shawarwarin Tasungiyar kungiyar Rigakafin Amurka. Ann Intern Med. 2012; 157 (5): 373-378. PMID: 22733087 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22733087.

• Kiba