Cutar ƙwayar cuta ta polycystic

Cutar ƙwayar cuta ta polycystic (PKD) cuta ce ta koda da ta wuce ta cikin iyalai. A cikin wannan cutar, mafitsara da yawa na zama a cikin kodan, suna sa su faɗaɗa.

PKD ya wuce ta cikin dangi (wanda aka gada). Siffofin PKD guda biyu da aka gada sune keɓaɓɓiyar autosomal da kewar autosomal.

Mutanen da ke da PKD suna da tarin ƙwayoyi masu yawa a cikin koda. Ba a san abin da ke haifar da cysts ba.

PKD yana hade da yanayi masu zuwa:

• Hanyoyin jijiyoyin jiki
• Anewayar kwakwalwa
• Cysts a cikin hanta, pancreas, da testes
• Diverticula na ciwon

Kusan rabin mutanen da ke da PKD suna da kumburi a cikin hanta.

Kwayar cutar PKD na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon ciki ko taushi
• Jini a cikin fitsari
• Yawan fitsari da daddare
• Jin zafi a gefe ɗaya ko duka ɓangarorin biyu
• Bacci
• Hadin gwiwa
• Nakasar farce

Gwaji na iya nuna:

• Taushin ciki na hanta
• Liverara hanta
• Gunaguni na zuciya ko wasu alamomin rashin isa ko ƙarancin mitral
• Hawan jini
• Girma a cikin kodan ko ciki

Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• Cerebral angiography
• Kammala lissafin jini (CBC) don bincika karancin jini
• Gwajin hanta (jini)
• Fitsari

Mutanen da ke da tarihin kansu ko na iyali na PKD waɗanda suke da ciwon kai ya kamata a gwada su don sanin idan sanyin jiki ya zama sanadin hakan.

PKD da cysts a kan hanta ko wasu gabobin ana iya samun su ta amfani da gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• CT scan na ciki
• Binciken ciki na MRI
• Ciki duban dan tayi
• Pyelogram na jijiyoyin jini (IVP)

Idan yawancin danginku suna da PKD, ana iya yin gwajin kwayar halitta don sanin ko kuna ɗauke da kwayar PKD.

Manufar magani ita ce sarrafa alamun cuta da hana rikitarwa. Jiyya na iya haɗawa da:

• Magungunan hawan jini
• Diuretics (kwayoyi na ruwa)
• Cincin gishiri mara nauyi

Duk wani ciwon yoyon fitsari ya kamata ayi maganinsa da sauri tare da maganin rigakafi.

Cysts masu zafi, masu cuta, masu zub da jini, ko kuma haifar da toshewar ƙila na iya buƙata. Yawancin lokaci akwai mafitsara da yawa don yin amfani da shi don cire kowane mafitsara.

Ana iya buƙatar aikin tiyata don cire 1 ko duka ƙoda. Magungunan cututtukan koda na ƙarshe sun haɗa da wankin koda ko dashen koda.

Sau da yawa zaku iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar shiga ƙungiyar tallafi inda membobi ke raba abubuwan da suka dace da matsaloli.

Cutar na kara tsananta sannu a hankali. A ƙarshe, yana iya haifar da gazawar koda. Hakanan yana haɗuwa da cutar hanta, gami da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin hanta.

Jiyya na iya taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka na shekaru masu yawa.

Mutanen da ke da PKD waɗanda ba su da wasu cututtuka na iya zama ƙwararrun ’yan takara don dashen koda.

Matsalolin kiwon lafiya waɗanda zasu iya haifar da PKD sun haɗa da:

• Anemia
• Zub da jini ko fashewar mafitsara
• Ciwon koda na dogon lokaci (na kullum)
• Kidneyarshen-koda cuta
• Hawan jini
• Kamuwa da cutar hanta
• Dutse na koda
• Rashin hanta (m zuwa mai tsanani)
• Maimaita cututtukan urinary

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan:

• Kuna da alamun cutar PKD
• Kuna da tarihin iyali na PKD ko rikice-rikice masu alaƙa kuma kuna shirin haihuwar yara (kuna so ku sami nasiha game da kwayar halitta)

A halin yanzu, babu wani magani da zai iya hana kumburin kafa ko ya fadada.

Cysts - kodan; Koda - polycystic; Autosomal rinjaye polycystic koda cuta; ADPKD

• Koda da hanta cysts - CT scan
• Hanta da ƙwayoyin hanta - CT scan

Arnaout MA. Cystic koda cututtuka. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 118.

Torres VE, Harris PC. Cystic cututtuka na koda. A cikin: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner da Rector na Koda. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 45.