Cananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta
Ciwan tubular necrosis (ATN) cuta ce ta koda wanda ke tattare da lalacewar ƙwayoyin tubule na kodan, wanda zai haifar da rashin ingancin koda. Bututun sune ƙananan bututu a cikin kodan da ke taimakawa wajen tace jini lokacin da ya ratsa ta kodan.
ATN galibi yana faruwa ne sakamakon ƙarancin jini da iskar oxygen zuwa ƙwayoyin ƙodar (ischemia na kodan). Hakanan yana iya faruwa idan ƙwayoyi ko abubuwa masu cutarwa suka lalata ƙwayoyin koda.
Tsarin ciki na koda, musamman kyallen takarda na tubule na koda, sun lalace ko lalacewa. ATN shine ɗayan canje-canjen tsarin yau da kullun waɗanda zasu iya haifar da rashin saurin koda.
ATN cuta ce ta gama gari wanda ke haifar da gazawar koda ga mutanen da ke asibiti. Hadarin ga ATN sun haɗa da:
- Amincewa da jini
- Rauni ko rauni wanda ke lalata jijiyoyi
- Pressureananan hawan jini (hypotension) wanda ke ɗaukar fiye da minti 30
- Babban tiyata kwanan nan
- Cututtukan sefan (mummunan yanayin da ke faruwa yayin da kamuwa da cuta a jiki ke haifar da ƙananan jini)
Ciwon hanta da lalacewar koda sakamakon ciwon suga (mai ciwon sukari nephropathy) na iya sanya mutum saurin fuskantar ATN.
Hakanan ana iya haifar da ATN ta magunguna masu guba ga ƙoda. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da kwayoyin aminoglycoside da amphotericin na antifungal.
Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:
- Rage hankali, coma, delirium ko rikice, bacci, da kasala
- Rage fitowar fitsari ko rashin fitar fitsari
- Janar kumburi, riƙe ruwa
- Tashin zuciya, amai
Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Mai ba da sabis ɗin na iya jin sautukan da ba na al'ada ba yayin sauraron zuciya da huhu tare da stethoscope. Wannan saboda yawan ruwa a jiki.
Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:
- BUN da magani creatinine
- Ctionananan ƙwayar sodium
- Koda biopsy
- Fitsari
- Fitsarin sodium
- Fitsarin musamman na fitsari da fitsarin osmolarity
A cikin yawancin mutane, ATN abin juyawa ne. Manufar magani ita ce hana rikice-rikice masu barazanar rai na rashin saurin koda
Jiyya na mai da hankali kan hana yaduwar ruwa da sharar jiki, yayin barin kodan su warke.
Jiyya na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:
- Ganowa da magance tushen matsalar
- Untataccen shan ruwa
- Shan magunguna don taimakawa wajen sarrafa sinadarin potassium a cikin jini
- Magunguna da aka sha ta baki ko ta hanyar IV don taimakawa cire ruwa daga jiki
Yin wankin ɗan lokaci na iya cire yawan ɓarnar ruwa da ruwa. Wannan na iya taimakawa inganta alamomin ku don ku ji daɗi. Hakanan yana iya sa gazawar koda ta sauƙaƙa don sarrafawa. Dialysis bazai da mahimmanci ga dukkan mutane, amma sau da yawa yana ceton rai, musamman idan potassium yana da haɗari sosai.
Ana iya buƙatar buguwa cikin yanayi kamar haka:
- Raguwar matsayin hankali
- Ruwa mai yawa
- Levelara yawan potassium
- Pericarditis (kumburi daga cikin suturar jaka kamar ta kewaye zuciya)
- Cire gubobi masu haɗari ga kodan
- Jimlar rashin yin fitsari
- Rashin sarrafa kayan sharar nitrogen
ATN na iya ɗaukar fewan kwanaki kaɗan zuwa makonni 6 ko fiye. Wannan na iya biyo bayan kwana 1 ko 2 na yin yawan fitsari wanda ba a saba gani ba yayin da kodan ke murmurewa. Ayyukan koda sau da yawa yakan dawo yadda yake, amma akwai wasu matsaloli masu haɗari da rikitarwa.
Kira wa masu samar maka idan fitsarinka ya ragu ko ya tsaya, ko kuma idan ka gano wasu alamomin na ATN.
Gaggauta bi da yanayin da zai haifar da raguwar gudan jini da kuma rage iskar oxygen zuwa kodan na iya rage barazanar ATN.
Arearin jini yana haɗuwa don rage haɗarin halayen rashin dacewa.
Ciwan suga, cutar hanta, da matsalolin zuciya suna buƙatar sarrafawa da kyau don rage haɗarin ATN.
Idan kun san kuna shan magani wanda zai iya cutar da koda, tambayi mai ba ku damar duba matakin jinin ku na magani akai-akai.
Sha ruwa mai yawa bayan an sami wani launi mai banbanci don ba da damar cirewa daga jiki da rage haɗarin lalata koda.
Necrosis - tubular koda; ATN; Necrosis - m tubular
- Ciwon jikin koda
- Koda - jini da fitsari suna gudana
Turner JM, Coca SG. Raunin ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. A cikin: Gilbert SJ, Weiner DE, eds. Farkon Gidauniyar Kidney ta Kasa kan Cututtukan Koda. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 32.
Weisbord SD, Palevsky PM. Rigakafin da kula da mummunan rauni na koda. A cikin: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner da Rector na Koda. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 29.