Mai sauki goiter

Mai sauki goiter shine kara girman glandon din. Yawanci ba ƙari ba ne ko ciwon daji.

Glandar thyroid shine muhimmin sashin tsarin endocrine. Tana nan a gaban wuya a saman inda wuyan wuyan ku yake haduwa. Gland shine yake sanya homonin da ke kula da yadda kowace kwayar halitta take amfani da kuzari. Wannan tsari ana kiransa metabolism.

Rashin iskar Iodine shine mafi yawan sanadin goiter. Jiki yana buƙatar iodine don samar da hormone thyroid. Idan baka da iodine a cikin abincinka, to maganin ka ya girma don gwadawa da kuma kama duk iodine din da yake iyawa, saboda haka zai iya samarda madaidaicin maganin ka. Don haka, goiter na iya zama alama cewa thyroid ba zai iya samar da isasshen ƙarancin thyroid ba. Amfani da gishirin iodized a cikin Amurka yana hana karancin iodine a cikin abincin.

Sauran dalilai na goiter sun hada da:

• Tsarin garkuwar jiki yana afkawa glandar thyroid (matsalar autoimmune)
• Wasu magunguna (lithium, amiodarone)
• Cututtuka (m)
• Shan sigari
• Cin wasu nau'ikan abinci masu yawa (waken soya, gyada, ko kayan lambu a cikin broccoli da dangin kabeji)
• Mai guba nodular goiter, kara girman glandar thyroid wanda ke da ƙaramar ci gaba ko girma da yawa da ake kira nodules, wanda ke samar da hormone mai yawa na thyroid

Sauƙaƙe goiters sun fi yawa cikin:

• Mutanen da suka wuce shekaru 40
• Mutane masu tarihin iyali na goiter
• Mutanen da aka haifa kuma suka girma a yankunan da ke fama da karancin iodine
  
• Mata

Babban alamar ita ce ƙara girman glandar thyroid. Girman na iya kaiwa daga ƙaramar ƙaramar nodule zuwa babban taro a gaban wuya.

Wasu mutane tare da goiter mai sauƙi na iya samun alamun bayyanar cututtukan glandar thyroid.

A cikin wasu lokuta baƙinciki, ƙara girman ka na iya haifar da matsi a kan bututun iska (trachea) da bututun abinci (esophagus). Wannan na iya haifar da:

• Matsalar numfashi (tare da manyan goiters), musamman yayin kwanciya kwance a bayanku ko yayin ɗaga hannuwanku
• Tari
• Rashin tsufa
• Matsalolin haɗiye, musamman tare da abinci mai ƙarfi
• Jin zafi a yankin na thyroid

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Wannan ya shafi jin wuyanka yayin hadiyewa. Za a iya jin kumburi a cikin yankin thyroid.

Idan kana da babban goiter, zaka iya samun matsi akan jijiyoyin wuyanka. A sakamakon haka, lokacin da mai ba da sabis ya nemi ka ɗaga hannunka sama da kanka, ƙila za ka ji jiri.

Ana iya ba da umarnin gwajin jini don auna aikin aikin karoid:

• Kyautar thyroxine (T4)
• Hormone mai motsa motsa jiki (TSH)

Gwaje-gwaje don neman wuraren da ba na al'ada ba da kuma yiwuwar cutar kansa a cikin glandar thyroid sun haɗa da:

• Thyroid scan and kuyi
• Duban dan tayi

Idan an samo nodules a kan duban dan tayi, ana iya buƙatar biopsy don bincika kansar thyroid.

Goiter yana buƙatar magani idan yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.

Jiyya don kara girman thyroid sun haɗa da:

• Magungunan maye gurbin hormone na thyroid idan goiter ya kasance saboda rashin aikin maganin karoid
• Doananan allurai na Lugol na iodine ko potassium iodine idan goiter ya kasance saboda ƙarancin iodine
• Iodine mai radiyo don rage gland idan thyroid yana samar da hormone mai yawa
• Yin aikin tiyata (thyroidectomy) don cire duka ko ɓangare na gland

Mai sauƙin goiter na iya ɓacewa da kansa, ko kuma ya zama ya fi girma. Yawancin lokaci, glandon thyroid zai iya dakatar da samar da isasshen maganin thyroid. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa hypothyroidism.

A wasu lokuta, goiter yana zama mai guba kuma yana samar da hormone na kansa da kansa. Wannan na iya haifar da babban matakan hormone na thyroid, yanayin da ake kira hyperthyroidism.

Kirawo mai baka idan kaji duk wani kumburi a gaban wuyanka ko wasu alamu na goiter.

Amfani da gishirin teburin iodized yana hana mafi yawan goiters.

Goiter - mai sauƙi; Endemic goiter; Abun ciki mai haɗuwa; Rashin cin abinci mai guba

• Cire glandon thyroid - fitarwa

• Ci gaban thyroid - scintiscan
• Glandar thyroid
• Hashimoto na cutar (na kullum thyroiditis)

Brent GA, Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism da thyroiditis. A cikin: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Littafin Williams na Endocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 13.

Hegedüs L, Paschke R, Krohn K, Bonnema SJ. Hanyoyi masu yawa. A cikin: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Manya da Yara. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 90.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Thyroid. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 213.

Smith JR, Wassner AJ. Goiter. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 583.