Radiation far

Radiation radiation yana amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi, barbashi, ko ƙwayoyin rediyo don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.

Kwayoyin cutar kansa sun ninka fiye da na al'ada a jiki. Saboda raɗaɗi yafi cutarwa ga ƙwayoyin halitta masu saurin girma, maganin raɗaɗa yana lalata ƙwayoyin kansar fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada. Wannan yana hana kwayoyin cutar kansa girma da rarrabawa, kuma yana haifar da mutuwar kwayar halitta.

Ana amfani da maganin kashe hasken rana don yaƙi da nau'o'in cutar kansa da yawa. Wani lokaci, radiation shine kawai magani da ake buƙata. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi tare da sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali kamar su tiyata ko chemotherapy zuwa:

• Nemi ƙari kamar yadda ya kamata kafin aikin tiyata
• Taimakawa hana kansar daga dawowa bayan tiyata ko magani
• Sauke alamomin da ciwone ya haifar, kamar ciwo, matsa lamba, ko zubar jini
• Bi da cututtukan da ba za a iya cire su ba tare da tiyata
• Bi da cutar kansa maimakon amfani da tiyata

NAU'O'IN RA'AYIN JIKI

Daban-daban nau'ikan maganin radiation sun haɗa da na waje, na ciki, da na ciki.

WAJAN RADDIN WAJE

Radiyon waje shine mafi yawan nau'ikan. Wannan hanyar a hankali tana nufin ɗaukar hotuna masu ƙarfi ko ƙwayoyi kai tsaye a cikin ƙari daga waje na jiki. Sabbin hanyoyin na samar da ingantaccen magani tare da rage lalacewar nama. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Radioaramar ƙwaƙwalwar rediyo mai ƙarfi (IMRT)
• Hoto na rediyo da aka jagoranta (IGRT)
• Magungunan maganin stereotactic (radiosurgery)

Proton therapy wani nau'in radiation ne wanda ake amfani dashi don magance kansar. Maimakon yin amfani da x-ray don lalata ƙwayoyin kansa, maganin proton yana amfani da katako na ƙananan ƙwayoyi da ake kira proton. Saboda yana haifar da raunin lalacewa ga lafiyayyen nama, ana amfani da maganin proton sau da yawa don cutar kansa wanda ke kusa da mahimman sassan jiki. Ana amfani dashi kawai don wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa.

INTERNAL RADIATION THERAPY

Ana sanya fitilun katako na ciki cikin jikinka.

• Wata hanya tana amfani da tsaba ta iska wacce ake sanyawa kai tsaye ko kusa da kumburin. Wannan hanya ana kiranta brachytherapy, kuma ana amfani dashi don magance cutar sankarar prostate. Ba a amfani da shi sau da yawa don magance nono, mahaifa, huhu, da sauran cututtukan daji.
• Wata hanyar kuma ta hada da karbar fitila ta hanyar shan ta, haɗiye kwaya, ko ta hanyar IV. Ruwan iska yana yawo a cikin jikinku duka, yana neman kashe kwayoyin halittar kansa. Ana iya magance cutar kansa ta wannan hanyar.

INTRAOPERTIVE RADIATION THERAPY (IORT)

Ana amfani da wannan nau'in radiation a yayin aikin tiyata don cire ƙari. A dai-dai lokacin da aka cire kumburin kuma kafin likitan ya rufe wurin, sai a kawo raɗaɗɗa zuwa wurin da ƙari ya kasance. IORT galibi ana amfani dashi don ciwace-ciwacen da ba su yaɗu ba kuma ƙwayoyin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya kasancewa bayan an cire mafi girman ƙari.

Idan aka kwatanta da radiation na waje, fa'idodin IORT na iya haɗawa da:

• Yankin ƙari kawai ake niyya don haka babu wata illa ga nama mai ƙoshin lafiya
• Kashi ɗaya kawai na jujjuyawar aka bayar
• Isar da ƙaramin kashi na radiation

ILLOLIN BANGARAN RADADI

Hakanan maganin fitila zai iya lalata ko kashe ƙwayoyin rai. Mutuwar ƙwayoyin rai na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

Wadannan illolin suna dogara ne akan yawan haskakawa, kuma sau nawa kuke samun far. Radiyon katako na waje na iya haifar da canje-canje na fata, kamar zafin gashi, ja ko fata mai ƙonewa, rage laushin fata, ko ma zubar da fata ta waje.

Sauran illolin suna dogara ne akan ɓangaren jikin da ke karɓar radiation:

• Ciki
• Brain
• Nono
• Kirji
• Baki da wuya
• Pelvic (tsakanin kwatangwalo)
• Prostate

Radiotherapy; Ciwon daji - radiation radiation; Radiation far - radiyo iri Radioaramar rediyo mai ƙarfi (IMRT); Hoto radiotherapy (IGRT); Radiosurgery-radiation far; Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) -rashin gyaran fuska; Stereotactic jiki radiotherapy (SBRT) -rashin gyare-gyare; Intraoperative aikin rediyo; Proton radiotherapy-radiation far

• Yin aikin tiyata na stereotactic - fitarwa

• Radiation far

Czito BG, Calvo FA, Haddock MG, Blitzlau R, Willett CG. Yin amfani da iska mai guba. A cikin: Gunderson LL, Tepper JE, eds. Gunderson da Tepper na Clinical Radiation Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 22.

Doroshow JH. Hanyar zuwa ga mai haƙuri tare da ciwon daji. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 169.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Radiation don magance ciwon daji. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy. An sabunta Janairu 8, 2019. An shiga Agusta 5, 2020.

Zeman EM, Schreiber EC, Tepper JE. Tushen maganin radiation. A cikin: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff na Clinical Oncology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 27.