Tarin Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Tarin Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) gwaji ne don kallon ruwan da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa da laka.

CSF tana aiki ne a matsayin matashi, yana kiyaye kwakwalwa da kashin baya daga rauni. Ruwan a bayyane yake. Yana da daidaito daidai da ruwa. Hakanan ana amfani da gwajin don auna matsa lamba a cikin ruwan kashin baya.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don samun samfurin CSF. Lumbar huda (kashin baya) ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita.

Don yin gwajin:

• Za ku kwanta a gefenku tare da durkusa gwiwoyinku zuwa kirji, kuma cinya ta sunkuya zuwa ƙasa. Wani lokaci ana yin gwajin a zaune, amma an lanƙwasa gaba.
• Bayan tsabtace baya, mai ba da kula da lafiya zai yi amfani da maganin numfashi na cikin gida (maganin sa barci) a cikin kashin baya.
• Za a saka allurar kashin baya
• Wani lokaci ana ɗaukar matsi na buɗewa. Matsi mara kyau na iya ba da shawarar kamuwa da cuta ko wata matsala.
  
• Da zarar allura ta kasance a matsayi, sai a auna matsa lamba CSF kuma an tattara samfurin 1 zuwa 10 milliliters (mL) na CSF a cikin vials 4.
• An cire allurar, an tsabtace wurin, kuma an sanya bandeji a kan wurin allurar. Ana iya tambayarka ka zauna a lyingan gajeren lokaci bayan gwajin.

A wasu lokuta, ana amfani da x-ray na musamman don taimakawa jagorar allura zuwa wuri. Wannan shi ake kira fluoroscopy.

Lumbar huda tare da tarin ruwa na iya zama wani ɓangare na sauran hanyoyin kamar x-ray ko CT scan bayan an saka fenti a cikin CSF.

Ba da daɗewa ba, ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin tattara CSF.

• Harshen rami na amfani da allura da aka sanya a ƙashin ƙashin ƙugu (bayan kwanyar). Zai iya zama mai haɗari saboda yana kusa da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. A koyaushe ana yin shi da kwayar halitta.
• Za a iya ba da shawarar huda ƙwanan iska a cikin mutanen da ke da saurin yin ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa. Wannan hanya ce mai matukar wuya. An fi yin hakan sau da yawa a ɗakin aiki. Ana huda rami a cikin kwanyar, kuma ana saka allura kai tsaye cikin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƙwaƙwalwar.

Hakanan za'a iya tattara CSF daga bututun da aka riga aka sanya shi a cikin ruwa, kamar shunt ko magudanar iska.

Kuna buƙatar bawa ƙungiyar kiwon lafiya yardar ku kafin gwajin. Faɗa wa mai samar maka idan kana kan kowane maganin asfirin ko kuma duk wani maganin rage jini.

Bayan aikin, ya kamata ku shirya hutawa har tsawon sa'o'i da yawa, koda kuwa kuna cikin koshin lafiya. Wannan don hana ruwa yawo a kusa da wurin huda. Ba kwa buƙatar kwance a bayanku duka tsawon lokacin. Idan ci gaba da ciwon kai, zai iya zama da amfani a sha abubuwan sha kamar kofi, shayi ko soda.

Yana iya zama da rashin kwanciyar hankali kasancewa cikin matsayin gwajin. Tsayawa har yanzu yana da mahimmanci saboda motsi na iya haifar da rauni ga lakar kashin baya.

Za'a iya gaya maka ka daidaita matsayin ka dan bayan allurar tana wurin. Wannan don taimakawa auna ƙarfin CSF.

Mutuwar maganin mai raɗaɗi zai soka ko ƙonawa idan aka fara allurar. Za'a ji daɗin matsa lamba mai wuya lokacin da aka saka allurar. Sau da yawa, akwai ɗan taƙaitaccen ciwo lokacin da allurar ta shiga cikin abin da ke kewaye da lakar kashin baya. Wannan ciwon ya kamata ya tsaya a cikin secondsan daƙiƙu kaɗan.

A mafi yawan lokuta, aikin yana ɗaukar minti 30. Matakan auna nauyi da tarin CSF kawai suna ɗaukar fewan mintuna.

Ana yin wannan gwajin don auna matsin lamba a cikin CSF da kuma tattara samfurin ruwan don ƙarin gwaji.

Ana iya amfani da bincike na CSF don bincika wasu cututtukan neurologic. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da cututtuka (kamar su sankarau) da ƙwaƙwalwa ko lakar laka. Hakanan za'a iya yin famfo na kashin baya don tabbatar da ganewar asali matsa lamba hydrocephalus.

Valuesa'idodin al'ada yawanci suna zuwa kamar haka:

• Matsa lamba: 70 zuwa 180 mm H₂Ya
• Bayyanar: bayyananne, mara launi
• Cikakken furotin CSF: 15 zuwa 60 mg / 100 mL
• Gamma globulin: 3% zuwa 12% na jimillar furotin
• Cutar glucose ta CSF: 50 zuwa 80 mg / 100 mL (ko fiye da kashi biyu bisa uku na matakin sukarin jini)
• Cellididdigar ƙwayoyin CSF: 0 zuwa 5 ƙwayoyin jini (duk mononuclear), kuma babu jajayen ƙwayoyin jini
• Chloride: 110 zuwa 125 mEq / L

Jeri na darajar yau da kullun na iya ɗan bambanta kaɗan tsakanin ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Yi magana da mai baka game da ma'anar takamaiman sakamakon gwajin ka.

Misalan da ke sama suna nuna ma'aunai gama gari don sakamako ga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen. Wasu dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna amfani da ma'aunai daban-daban ko na iya gwada samfuran daban.

Idan CSF yayi kama da girgije, yana iya nufin akwai kamuwa da cuta ko ɓullar farin ƙwayoyin jini ko furotin.

Idan CSF tayi kama da jini ko ja, wataƙila alama ce ta zub da jini ko toshewar laka. Idan launin ruwan kasa ne, ko lemo, ko ruwan rawaya, yana iya zama wata alama ce ta karin furotin na CSF ko jinin baya (sama da kwanaki 3 da suka gabata). Zai iya zama jini a cikin samfurin wanda ya fito daga ƙashin kashin kansa. Wannan ya sa ya zama da wahalar fassara sakamakon gwajin.

Matsalar CSF

• Pressureara matsa lamba na CSF na iya zama saboda ƙaruwa cikin intracranial (matsin lamba a cikin kwanyar).
• Rage karfin CSF na iya zama saboda toshewar kashin baya, rashin ruwa a jiki, suma, ko kwararar CSF.

CSF PROTEIN

• Proteinara furotin CSF na iya zama saboda jini a cikin CSF, ciwon sukari, polyneuritis, ƙari, rauni, ko kowane yanayin mai kumburi ko na cuta.
• Rage furotin alama ce ta saurin samar da CSF.

CSF GLUCOSE

• Glucoseara yawan glucose na CSF alama ce ta hauhawar jini.
• Rage glucose na CSF na iya zama saboda hypoglycemia (ƙarancin sukari a cikin jini), ƙwayoyin cuta ko fungal (kamar su cutar sankarau), tarin fuka, ko wasu nau'o'in na cutar sankarau.

JINI A CIKIN CSF

• Cellsara yawan ƙwayoyin jini a cikin CSF na iya zama alamar cutar sanƙarau, mai saurin kamuwa da cuta, farawa na rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci (ciwo), ƙari, ɓarna, ko kuma cutar demyelinating (kamar su sclerosis da yawa).
• Jajayen jini a cikin samfurin CSF na iya zama alama ta zub da jini a cikin ruwan kashin baya ko sakamakon hudawar lumbar mai rauni.

SAURAN sakamakon CSF

• Levelsara matakan CSF gamma globulin na iya zama saboda cututtuka irin su sclerosis da yawa, neurosyphilis, ko cutar Guillain-Barré.

Arin yanayi wanda za'a iya yin gwajin a ciki:

• Kullum polyneuropathy mai kumburi
• Rashin hankali saboda sababi na rayuwa
• Cutar sankarau
• Farfadiya
• Riaukewar Febrile (yara)
• Izedaddamar da kama-karya na yau da kullun
• Hydrocephalus
• Ciwan anthrax
• Matsalar al'ada hydrocephalus (NPH)
• Ciwon ƙwayar cuta
• Ciwan Reye

Hadarin na huda lumbar sun hada da:

• Zub da jini zuwa cikin jijiyar baya ko kusa da kwakwalwa (ƙananan hematomas).
• Rashin jin daɗi yayin gwajin.
• Ciwon kai bayan gwajin da zai iya ɗaukar hoursan awanni ko kwanaki. Zai iya zama da amfani a sha abubuwan sha mai sha kamar kofi, shayi ko soda don taimakawa ciwon kai. Idan ciwon kai ya wuce 'yan kwanaki (musamman idan ka zauna, tsayawa ko tafiya) wataƙila ka sami malalar CSF. Ya kamata ku yi magana da likitanku idan wannan ya faru.
• Raunin kumburi (rashin lafiyan) ga maganin sa maye.
• Kamuwa da cuta ta allurar da ke shiga cikin fata.

Sanarwar ƙwaƙwalwa na iya faruwa idan aka yi wannan gwajin a kan mutumin da yake da ɗimbin yawa a cikin kwakwalwa (kamar ƙari ko ƙura). Wannan na iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa ko mutuwa. Ba a yin wannan gwajin idan gwaji ko gwaji ya nuna alamun ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.

Lalacewa ga jijiyoyi a cikin kashin baya na iya faruwa, musamman idan mutum ya motsa yayin gwajin.

Harshen bakin ciki ko huda na huji yana ɗaukar ƙarin haɗari na ƙwaƙwalwa ko lakar laka da zub da jini a cikin kwakwalwa.

Wannan gwajin ya fi haɗari ga mutanen da suke da:

• Wani ƙari a bayan ƙwaƙwalwar da ke danna kan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar
• Matsalar daskarewar jini
• Plateananan ƙarancin platelet (thrombocytopenia)
• Mutanen da ke shan abubuwan rage jini, asfirin, clopidogrel, ko wasu magunguna makamantan su don rage samuwar daskarewar jini.

Matsalar kashin baya; Hannun fuka; Lumbar huda; Harshen wutar lantarki; Cerebrospinal ruwa al'adu

• CSF sunadarai
• Lumbar vertebrae

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