Cutar cutar West Nile

Cutar West Nile cuta ce da sauro ke yadawa. Yanayin ya fara daga mai sauki zuwa mai tsanani.

An gano cutar West Nile a 1937 a Uganda a gabashin Afirka. An fara gano shi a cikin Amurka a lokacin rani na 1999 a New York. Tun daga wannan lokacin, kwayar cutar ta bazu cikin Amurka.

Masu binciken sun yi amannar cewa cutar Yammacin Nile na yaduwa ne yayin da sauro ya ciji tsuntsun da ke dauke da cutar sannan ya ciji mutum.

Sauro na dauke da mafi yawan kwayar cutar a farkon faduwar, wanda shine dalilin da yasa yawancin mutane ke kamuwa da cutar a karshen watan Agusta zuwa farkon watan Satumba. Yayin da yanayin ke yin sanyi kuma sauro ke kashewa, ana samun karancin masu kamuwa da cutar.

Kodayake sauro da ke ɗauke da kwayar cutar West Nile ta cinye mutane da yawa, yawancinsu ba su san sun kamu da cutar ba.

Dalilai masu haɗari don haɓaka mummunan ƙwayar cutar West Nile sun haɗa da:

• Yanayin da ke raunana tsarin garkuwar jiki, kamar su HIV / AIDS, dashen sassan jiki, da kuma maganin ƙwaƙwalwa na baya-bayan nan
• Shekaru manya ko matasa
• Ciki

Hakanan kwayar West Nile na iya yaduwa ta hanyar ƙarin jini da dashen sassan jiki. Yana yiwuwa uwa mai dauke da cutar ta yada cutar ga danta ta hanyar nono.

Kwayar cututtukan na iya faruwa kwana 1 zuwa 14 bayan kamuwa da cutar. Cututtuka masu sauƙi, waɗanda ake kira zazzaɓin Yammacin Nilu, na iya haifar da wasu ko duk waɗannan alamun alamun:

• Ciwon ciki
• Zazzabi, ciwon kai, da ciwon wuya
• Rashin ci
• Ciwon tsoka
• Tashin zuciya, amai, da gudawa
• Rash
• Magungunan kumbura kumbura

Wadannan cututtukan suna yawanci tsawon kwanaki 3 zuwa 6, amma na iya daukar wata daya.

Wasu cututtukan da suka fi tsanani ana kiransu West Nile encephalitis ko cutar sankarau ta Yammacin Nilu, gwargwadon abin da ɓangaren jikin ya shafa. Wadannan alamun na iya faruwa, kuma suna buƙatar kulawa da sauri:

• Rikicewa ko canjin ikon tunani sarai
• Rashin sani ko suma
• Raunin jijiyoyi
• Wuya wuya
• Raunin hannu ko kafa ɗaya

Alamomin kamuwa da cutar West Nile sun yi kama da na sauran cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Zai yiwu babu takamaiman abubuwan bincike akan gwajin jiki. Kimanin rabin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar West Nile na iya samun kumburi.

Gwaje-gwajen don gano cutar ta West Nile sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin jini ko famfo na kashin baya don bincika rigakafin kwayar cutar
• Shugaban CT scan
• Shugaban MRI scan

Saboda wannan rashin cutar ba kwayar cuta ce ta haifar da ita ba, maganin rigakafi ba ya magance kamuwa da cutar West Nile. Kulawa na tallafi na iya taimakawa rage haɗarin ɓarkewar rikitarwa a cikin ciwo mai tsanani.

Mutanen da ke da ƙananan ƙwayar cutar West Nile suna yin kyau bayan magani.

Ga waɗanda ke da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, hangen nesa ya fi rashin tabbas. Yammacin Kogin Encephalitis ko sankarau na iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa da mutuwa. Daya daga cikin mutane goma da ke da kumburin kwakwalwa ba ya rayuwa.

Rikice-rikice daga kamuwa da kwayar cutar West Nile mara nauyi suna da wuya.

Matsaloli daga mummunan cutar kwayar West Nile sun haɗa da:

• Lalacewar kwakwalwa
• Rashin rauni na dindindin (wani lokaci kama da cutar shan inna)
• Mutuwa

Kira mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da alamun kamuwa da cutar ta West Nile, musamman ma idan kuna da alaƙa da sauro. Idan ba ka da lafiya sosai, je dakin gaggawa.

Babu magani don kauce wa kamuwa da cutar West Nile bayan sauro ya ciji. Mutanen da ke cikin ƙoshin lafiya gabaɗaya basa haɓaka kamuwa da cutar Yammacin Yamma.

Hanya mafi kyau don hana kamuwa da cutar Yammacin Nile ita ce guje wa cizon sauro:

• Yi amfani da kayan kwalliyar sauro mai dauke da DEET
• Sanye dogon hannayen riga da wando
• Ruwan lambata na tsayayyen ruwa, kamar su kwandunan shara da tsiron miya (irin sauro a cikin ruwa mai tsafta)

Yin feshin jama'a don sauro na iya rage yawan sauro.

Encephalitis - Yammacin Nilu; Cutar sankarau - Yammacin Nilu

• Sauro, babba yana ciyar da fata
• Sauro, pupa
• Sauro, igiyar kwai
• Sauro, baligi
• Meninges na kwakwalwa

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Yammacin cutar. www.cdc.gov/westnile/index.html. An sabunta Disamba 10, 2018. An shiga Janairu 7, 2018.

Naides SJ. Arboviruses masu haifar da zazzaɓi da cututtukan rash. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi 382.

Thomas SJ, Endy TP, Rothman AL, Barrett AD. Flaviviruses (dengue, yellow fever, Japan encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, encephalitis da ake samu a jikin kaska, cutar daji ta Kyasanur, Alkhurma zazzabin cizon sauro, Zika). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Bennett's Ka'idoji da Aiki na Cututtuka masu Cutar, Updatedaukaka Sabunta. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: babi na 155.