Anaemia mai raunin jini

Anemia wani yanayi ne wanda jiki bashi da isasshen ƙwayoyin jan jini. Kwayoyin jinin ja suna samar da iskar oxygen ga kyallen takarda.

A yadda aka saba, jajayen ƙwayoyin jini na tsawon kwanaki 120 a jiki. A cikin rashin jinin jini, ana lalata jajayen jinin da ke cikin jini da wuri fiye da yadda aka saba.

Rowwayar kasusuwa galibi shine ke da alhakin yin sabbin jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta. Kashin kashin nama shine laushi mai taushi a tsakiyar ƙashi wanda ke taimakawa ƙirƙirar dukkan ƙwayoyin jini.

Hemolytic anemia yana faruwa lokacin da ƙashin kashin baya yin isassun jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta don maye gurbin waɗanda ake lalatawa.

Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da karancin jini. Za a iya lalata jajayen ƙwayoyin jini saboda:

• Matsalar autoimmune wanda tsarin rigakafi yayi kuskuren hango jajayen jinin ku kamar abubuwa na baƙi kuma ya lalata su
• Raunin kwayar halitta a cikin ƙwayoyin ja (kamar su sickle cell anemia, thalassaemia, da rashi G6PD)
• Bayyanawa ga wasu sunadarai, magunguna, da gubobi
• Cututtuka
• Cutar jini a cikin ƙananan hanyoyin jini
• Fara jini daga mai ba da jini wanda bai dace da naku ba

Kila ba ku da alamun bayyanar inemiemia yana da sauƙi. Idan matsalar ta taso sannu a hankali, alamun farko na iya zama:

• Jin rauni ko kasala sau da yawa fiye da yadda aka saba, ko motsa jiki
• Jin cewa zuciyar ka na bugawa ko tsere
• Ciwon kai
• Matsalolin tattara hankali ko tunani

Idan cutar karancin jini ta zama mafi muni, alamun cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Haskewar kai lokacin da kake tsaye
• Fata mai haske
• Rashin numfashi
• Ciwon harshe
• Pleara girman ciki

Gwajin da ake kira cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) na iya taimakawa wajen gano ƙarancin jini da bayar da wasu alamu ga nau'in da musabbabin matsalar. Muhimman sassa na CBC sun haɗa da ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin jini (RBC), haemoglobin, da hematocrit (HCT).

Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na iya gano nau'ikan cutar karancin jini:

• Cikakkar ƙididdigar reticulocyte
• Gwajin kagu, kai tsaye da kai tsaye
• Donath-Landsteiner gwajin
• Sanyi agglutinins
• Hemoglobin kyauta a cikin magani ko fitsari
• Hemosiderin a cikin fitsari
• Countididdigar platelet
• Protein electrophoresis - magani
• Pyruvate kinase
• Maganin haptoglobin
• Magani LDH
• Matsayin Carboxyhemoglobin
  

Jiyya ya dogara da nau'in da kuma dalilin cutar anemia:

• A cikin gaggawa, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin jini.
• Don dalilai na rigakafi, ana iya amfani da magungunan da ke hana tsarin rigakafi.
• Lokacin da ake lalata kwayoyin jini cikin sauri, jiki na iya buƙatar karin folic acid da ƙarin ƙarfe don maye gurbin abin da aka rasa.

A wasu lokuta ma ba kasafai ake samun aikin ba, ana bukatar tiyata don fitar da saifa. Wannan saboda saifa yana aiki ne a matsayin matattara mai cire ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau daga jini.

Sakamakon ya dogara da nau'in da kuma dalilin cutar hemolytic anemia. Anarancin jini zai iya sa cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan huhu, ko cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan kun ci gaba bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan anemia.

Anemia - hemolytic

• Jajayen jini, sikila
• Kwayoyin jinin ja - ƙwayoyin sikila da yawa
• Kwayoyin jini ja - ƙwayoyin sikila
• Kwayoyin jinin ja - sikila da Pappenheimer
• Kwayoyin jini

Brodsky RA. Paroxysmal mara lafiyar haemoglobinuria. A cikin: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Ka'idoji da Aiki. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 31.

Gallagher PG. Hemolytic anemias: membrane din jinin jini da lahani na rayuwa. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 152.

Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Hematopoietic da tsarin lymphoid. A cikin: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins Basic Pathology. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 12.