Ringarfin jijiyoyin jini

Zoben jijiyar jini wata ɓarna ce da ba ta dace ba, babban jijiyoyin da ke ɗaukar jini daga zuciya zuwa sauran jiki. Matsala ce ta haifuwa, wanda ke nufin yana nan lokacin haihuwa.

Ringarfin jijiyoyin jini ba safai ba. Yana lissafin ƙasa da 1% na duk matsalolin zuciya da ke tattare da ciki. Yanayin yakan faru ne sau da yawa a cikin maza kamar mata. Wasu jarirai da ke da zoben jijiyoyin jini suma suna da wata matsalar zuciya ta haifuwa.

Zoben jijiyoyin jiki na faruwa da wuri sosai yayin ci gaban bebi a cikin mahaifar. A yadda aka saba, aorta yana tasowa daga ɗayan ɓangaren nama da yawa (baka). Jiki yana farfasa wasu sauran baka, yayin da wasu kuma suka zama jijiyoyin jini. Wasu jijiyoyin da ya kamata su karye ba su yi ba, wanda ke samar da zoben jijiyoyin jini.

Tare da zoben jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini, wasu daga cikin baka da jijiyoyin da ya kamata su canza zuwa jijiyoyin jini ko ɓacewa suna nan har yanzu lokacin da aka haifi jaririn. Wadannan baka suna samar da zobe na jijiyoyin jini, wadanda ke kewaye da matsewa akan bututun iska (trachea) da esophagus.

Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan zobe na jijiyoyin jiki. A wasu nau'ikan, zoben jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jikin mutum ne kawai yake zagaye trachea da esophagus, amma har yanzu yana iya haifar da alamomi.

Wasu yara da ke da zoben jijiyoyin jini ba su taɓa samun bayyanar cututtuka ba. Koyaya, a mafi yawan lokuta, ana ganin alamun yayin yarinta. Matsa lamba a kan bututun iska (trachea) da esophagus na iya haifar da matsalar numfashi da matsalar narkewar abinci. Gwargwadon yadda zoben yake dannewa, mafi tsananin alamun cutar zasu kasance.

Matsalar numfashi na iya haɗawa da:

• Tari mai karfi
• Babban numfashi (stridor)
• Maimaita cututtukan huhu ko cututtukan numfashi
• Rashin numfashi
• Hanzari

Cin abinci na iya haifar da alamun numfashi mafi muni.

Alamar narkewar abinci ba safai ba, amma na iya haɗawa da:

• Chokewa
• Matsalar cin abinci mai kauri
• Matsalar haɗiye (dysphagia)
• Reflux na Gastroesophageal (GERD)
• Sannu a hankali nono ko abincin kwalba
• Amai

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai saurari numfashin jariri don kawar da wasu cututtukan numfashi kamar asma. Sauraron zuciyar yaron ta hanyar stethoscope na iya taimakawa gano gunaguni da sauran matsalolin zuciya.

Gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa na iya taimakawa wajen gano zoben jijiyoyin jini:

• Kirjin x-ray
• Utedididdigar hoto (CT) hoton zuciya da manyan hanyoyin jini
• Kyamara a cikin maqogwaro don bincika hanyoyin iska (bronchoscopy)
• Hoto na maganadisu (MRI) na zuciya da manyan hanyoyin jini
• Binciken dan tayi (echocardiogram) na zuciya
• X-ray na jijiyoyin jini (angiography)
• X-ray na esophagus ta amfani da dye na musamman don haskaka wurin (esophagram ko barium haɗiya)

Yawanci ana yin aikin tiyata da wuri-wuri akan yara masu alamomin cutar. Makasudin tiyata shi ne raba zoben jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki da kuma taimakawa matsin lamba akan sassan kewaye. Ana yin aikin yawanci ta hanyar karamin tiyata a gefen hagu na kirji tsakanin haƙarƙarin.

Canza abincin yaron zai iya taimakawa alamomin narkewar abinci na zoben jijiyoyin jini. Mai bayarwa zai rubuta magunguna (kamar su maganin rigakafi) don magance duk wata cuta ta hanyoyin numfashi, idan sun faru.

Yaran da ba su da alamomin ƙila ba su buƙatar magani amma ya kamata a sa musu ido sosai don tabbatar da cewa yanayin bai zama da muni ba.

Yanda jariri yayi kyau ya dogara da irin matsin lamba da zoben jijiyoyin jini ke sakawa a cikin hanji da bututun iska da kuma saurin saurin gano jariri da kuma magance shi.

Yin tiyata yana aiki sosai a mafi yawan lokuta kuma sau da yawa sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka nan take. Matsalolin numfashi mai tsanani na iya ɗaukar watanni kafin su tafi. Wasu yara na iya ci gaba da numfashi mai ƙarfi, musamman ma lokacin da suke aiki sosai ko kuma suna da cututtukan numfashi.

Jinkirta tiyata a cikin manyan al'amura na iya haifar da rikitarwa mai tsanani, kamar lalacewar trachea da mutuwa.

Kira wa mai ba ku sabis idan jaririnku na da alamun bayyanar zoben jijiyoyin jini. Samun bincike da kuma magance shi da sauri na iya hana mummunan rikitarwa.

Babu wata hanyar da aka sani don hana wannan yanayin.

Kwarin baka na dama tare da subclavian aberrant da hagu ligamentum arteriosus; Halin zuciya na nakasa - zoben jijiyoyin jini; Haihuwar lahani zuciya - zoben jijiyoyin jini

• Ringarfin jijiyoyin jini

Bryant R, Yoo SJ. Ringsararrakin jijiyoyin jini, majajjawan jijiya na huhu, da yanayin da suka dace. A cikin: Wernovsky G, Anderson RH, Kumar K, et al, eds. Anderson na Ilimin Lafiyar Yara. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 47.

Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Sauran zuciya na rashin haihuwa da nakasar jiki. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 459.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Cutar cututtukan ciki a cikin baligi da haƙuri na yara. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 75.