Gwajin lafiyar maza masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64

Ya kamata ku ziyarci mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya a kai a kai, koda kuwa kuna jin ƙoshin lafiya. Dalilin waɗannan ziyarar shine:

• Allon don batun kiwon lafiya
• Kimanta haɗarinku don matsalolin likita na gaba
• Karfafa rayuwa mai kyau
• Sabunta rigakafin
• Taimaka maka ka san mai samar maka idan rashin lafiya

Ko da kun ji daɗi, yakamata ku ga mai ba ku sabis don bincika yau da kullun. Waɗannan ziyarar na iya taimaka maka ka guji matsaloli a nan gaba. Misali, hanya daya tak da zaka gano ko kana da cutar hawan jini ita ce a duba shi a kai a kai. Hawan jini da yawan kwalastaral shima bazai da alamun bayyanar a farkon matakan. Gwajin jini mai sauƙi na iya bincika waɗannan yanayin.

Akwai takamaiman lokuta lokacin da ya kamata ka ga mai ba ka. A ƙasa akwai jagororin nunawa don maza masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64.

YADDA AKE BUDE JINI

• Yi gwajin jini aƙalla sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2. Idan lambar sama (lambar systolic) daga 120 zuwa 139 mm Hg, ko lambar ƙasa (lambar diastolic) daga 80 zuwa 89 mm Hg, ya kamata a duba shi kowace shekara.
• Idan lambar ta sama itace 130 ko sama da haka ko kuma kasan lambar 80 ko sama da haka, sanya alƙawari tare da mai baka domin koyon yadda zaka rage hawan jininka.
• Idan kana da ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko wasu yanayi, mai yiwuwa ka buƙaci a gwada karfin jininka sau da yawa, amma har yanzu aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara.
• Kalli gwajin jini a yankinku. Tambayi mai ba ku sabis idan za ku iya tsayawa don a duba cutar hawan jini.

YADDA AKA HANA CIKIN KOLE COLETEROL DA CUTAR CUTAR ZUCIYA

• An ba da shawarar farawa shekara don binciken ƙwayar cholesterol yana da shekaru 35 ga maza ba tare da sanannun abubuwan haɗari na cututtukan zuciya ba.
• Da zarar an fara binciken cholesterol, ya kamata a duba kwalastar ku duk bayan shekaru 5.
• Maimaita gwaji ba da daɗewa ba idan an buƙata idan canje-canje ya faru a cikin salon rayuwa (haɗe da ƙimar nauyi da abinci).
• Idan kana da babban matakin cholesterol, ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko wasu yanayi, maiyuwa a duba ka sau da yawa.

GYARAN GYARAN COLORECTAL

Idan baka kai shekara 50 ba, yi magana da mai baka yadda ake dubaka. Ya kamata a duba ku idan kuna da tarihin iyali mai ƙarfi na kansar hanji ko polyps. Hakanan za'a iya yin la'akari idan kuna da dalilai masu haɗari kamar tarihin cututtukan hanji mai kumburi ko polyps.

Idan ka kai shekara 50 zuwa 75, ya kamata a yi maka binciken cutar kansa. Akwai gwaje-gwaje da yawa na nunawa:

• Gwajin ɓoyayyiyar jini (tushen-ɗaga) da akeyi kowace shekara
• Gwajin gwajin rigakafin rigakafi (FIT) kowace shekara
• Jarabawar DNA a kowace shekara 3
• M sigmoidoscopy kowane shekara 5
• Sau biyu sau biyu barium enema kowane shekara 5
• CT colonigraphy (colonoscopy na kamala) kowane shekara 5
• Ciwon bayan gida kowace shekara 10

Kuna iya buƙatar colonoscopy sau da yawa idan kuna da dalilai masu haɗari ga ciwon daji na launi, kamar:

• Ciwan ulcer
• Tarihin mutum ko na iyali na ciwon kansa kai tsaye
• Tarihin girma wanda ake kira adenomatous polyps

JARABAWAR HAKORI

• Je zuwa likitan hakora sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a kowace shekara don gwaji da tsaftacewa. Likitan hakoranku zai kimanta idan kuna da buƙata don yawan ziyarta.
  

YADDA AKE YIN CUTAR SARA

• Idan ka wuce shekaru 44, ya kamata a dubaka duk bayan shekaru 3.
• Samun BMI sama da 25 na nufin cewa kin yi nauyi. Idan ka yi kiba, tambayi mai ba ka idan ya kamata a bincika ka tun kana ƙarami. Ya kamata a bincika Ba'amurkan Asiya idan BMI ya fi 23 girma.
• Idan karfin jininka ya haura sama da 130/80 mm Hg, ko kuma kana da wasu abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da ciwon sikari, mai bayarwa zai iya gwada yawan sukarin jininka na ciwon suga.

GANIN IDO

• Yi gwajin ido kowace shekara 2 zuwa 4 daga shekara 40 zuwa 54 da kuma kowace shekara 1 zuwa 3 daga shekaru 55 zuwa 64. Mai ba ku sabis na iya ba da shawarar yawan gwajin ido idan kuna da matsalolin gani ko haɗarin glaucoma.
• Yi gwajin ido a kalla kowace shekara idan kuna da ciwon sukari.

GASKIYA

• Ya kamata ku sami maganin mura a kowace shekara.
• Tambayi mai ba ku magani ko ya kamata ku sami rigakafi don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar pneumococcal (yana haifar da nau'in ciwon huhu).
• Ya kamata ku sami maganin rigakafin tetanus-diphtheria da acellular pertussis (Tap) sau ɗaya a matsayin ɓangare na maganin rigakafin ku na tetanus-diphtheria idan ba ku karɓe shi ba a baya lokacin saurayi. Yakamata a sami maganin tetanus-diphtheria a kowace shekara 10.
• Kuna iya samun allurar shingles ko allurar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta a ko bayan shekaru 50.
• Mai ba ku sabis na iya bayar da shawarar wasu rigakafin idan kuna cikin haɗari ga wasu yanayi.

BUDURWAR CUTAR KWANA

• Servicesungiyar Kula da Ayyukan Kare Amurka ta ba da shawarar a bincika cutar hepatitis C.
• Dogaro da yanayin rayuwar ku da tarihin lafiyar ku, kuna iya buƙatar a bincika ku don kamuwa da cututtuka kamar syphilis, chlamydia, da HIV, da sauran cututtuka.

NUNA CUTUTTUKAN KUNGUNAN

Ya kamata ku sami nazarin shekara-shekara don cutar sankarar huhu tare da ƙarancin kyan gani na lissafi (LDCT) idan:

• Shekarunka sun wuce 55 DA
• Kuna da tarihin shan shekaru 30 na shan sigari DA
• A halin yanzu kuna shan sigari ko sun daina a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata

GASKIYAR LOKACI

• Idan shekarunku sun kai 50 zuwa 70 kuma kuna da abubuwan haɗari na osteoporosis, yakamata ku tattauna batun bincike tare da mai ba ku.
• Abubuwan haɗari na iya haɗawa da amfani da steroid na dogon lokaci, ƙarancin jiki, shan sigari, yawan amfani da giya, samun karaya bayan shekaru 50, ko tarihin iyali na osteoporosis.

JARABAWAR JIKI

• Yakamata a duba karfin jini a kalla kowace shekara.
• Mai ba da sabis naka na iya bayar da shawarar duba cholesterol ɗinka duk bayan shekaru 5 idan kana da abubuwan haɗari na cututtukan zuciya.
  
• Tsayin ku, nauyi, da ma'aunin jikin ku (BMI) ya kamata a duba a kowane gwaji.

Yayin gwajin ku, mai ba ku sabis na iya tambayar ku game da:

• Bacin rai
• Abinci da motsa jiki
• Shan barasa da shan taba
• Tsaro, kamar yin amfani da bel na ɗamara da masu gano hayaƙi

GANIN KARANTAFANTA

Idan ka kai shekara 55 zuwa 69, kafin ka sami jarabawar, yi magana da mai ba ka sabis game da fa'idodi da raunin samun gwajin PSA. Tambayi game da:

• Ko yin bincike ya rage damarka ta mutuwa daga cutar sankarar sankara.
  
• Ko akwai wata cuta daga binciken cutar sankarar hanji, kamar su sakamako masu illa daga gwaji ko wuce gona da iri lokacin gano shi.
  
• Ko kuna da haɗarin cutar kansar mafitsara fiye da sauran.

Idan ka kai shekara 55 ko ƙarami, ba a ba da shawarar nunawa gaba ɗaya. Ya kamata ku yi magana da mai ba ku sabis game da idan kuna da haɗarin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa. Hanyoyin haɗari sun haɗa da:

• Samun tarihin iyali na ciwon sankarar jini (musamman ɗan’uwa ko uba)
  
• Kasancewa Ba'amurke Ba'amurke
• Idan ka zaɓi a gwada ka, ana maimaita gwajin jini na PSA na tsawon lokaci (kowace shekara ko ƙasa da haka), kodayake ba a san mafi kyawun mitar ba.
  
• Ba a yin gwajin yau da kullun a kan maza ba tare da wata alama ba.

JARABAWAR FATA

• Mai ba ku sabis na iya bincika fata don alamun kansar fata, musamman ma idan kuna cikin haɗari sosai. Mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin haɗari sun haɗa da waɗanda suka kamu da cutar kansa a da, suna da dangi na kusa da cutar kansa, ko kuma suna da rauni a garkuwar jiki.
  

Gwajin gwaji

• Tasungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka (USPSTF) yanzu tana ba da shawara game da yin gwajin kai tsaye na gwaji. Yin gwajin kai tsaye na gwaji an nuna ba shi da wata fa'ida.

Ziyartar kula da lafiya - maza - masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Nazarin jiki - maza - shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Gwajin shekara - maza - shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Bincike - maza - masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Lafiyar maza - shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Rigakafin rigakafi - maza - shekaru 40 zuwa 64

• Ciwon daji na Prostate
• Osteoporosis
• Illar shekaru akan hawan jini
• Gwajin jini na hanji

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