Menene Anthrax, manyan alamun cututtuka kuma yaya magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda yaduwar cutar ke faruwa
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Rigakafin Anthrax

Anthrax babbar cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta Bacillus anthracis, wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta yayin da mutane suka sadu kai tsaye da abubuwa ko dabbobin da kwayoyin cuta suka gurbata, lokacin da suke cin naman dabba mai gurbata ko lokacin da suke shakar kwayoyin wannan kwayar da ke cikin muhallin.

Kamuwa da cuta da wannan kwayar cuta mai tsanani ce kuma tana iya yin lahani ga aikin hanji da huhu, wanda hakan na iya haifar da sihiri da mutuwa cikin fewan kwanaki bayan kamuwa da cutar. Saboda aikinsa mai guba, ana iya amfani da cutar anthrax a matsayin makamin nazarin halittu, kasancewar an riga an yada shi ta hanyar ƙura akan haruffa da abubuwa a matsayin nau'in ta'addanci.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cutar Anthrax ta bambanta gwargwadon yanayin yaduwar cutar, garkuwar jikin mutum da yawan kwayar cutar da mutum ya yi mu'amala da ita. Alamomi da alamomin kamuwa da cutar na iya fara bayyana kimanin awanni 12 zuwa kwanaki 5 bayan kamuwa da kwayoyin, kuma zai iya haifar da bayyananniyar asibiti bisa ga hanyar yaduwa:

• Anthrax mai cutarwa: ita ce mafi karancin nau'in cutar, yana faruwa ne yayin da mutum ya sadu da kwayoyin cutar kai tsaye kuma ana iya bayyana shi da bayyanar kumburin launin ja-ja-ja da ƙuraje a kan fata wanda zai iya fashewa ya zama maƙarƙashiya mai duhu da ciwo akan fata, na iya kasancewa tare da kumburi, ciwon tsoka, ciwon kai, zazzabi, tashin zuciya da amai.
• Anthrax na ciki: hakan na faruwa ne ta hanyar shayar da gurbataccen naman dabba, wanda guba da kwayoyi suka samar kuma suke fitarwa suna haifar da mummunan kumburin wannan gabar, wanda ke haifar da zub da jini, gudawa, amai, ciwon ciki da zazzabi;
• NAjijiya na huhu: ana ɗaukarsa mafi girman nau'in cutar, kamar yadda spores ke kwana a cikin huhu, suna daidaita numfashi kuma suna iya isa cikin jini cikin sauƙi, wanda zai iya haifar da suma ko mutuwa cikin kwanaki 6 bayan kamuwa da cutar. Alamomin farko yawanci suna kama da mura, amma suna ci gaba da sauri.

Idan kwayoyin cutar sun isa cikin kwakwalwa, bayan sun kai ga jini, zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cutar kwakwalwa da kuma cutar sankarau, wanda kusan shi ke saurin mutuwa. Bugu da kari, duk wadannan bayyanuwar suna da matukar mahimmanci kuma idan ba a gano su da sauri ba kuma ba a magance su ba, za su iya haifar da mutuwa.

Yadda yaduwar cutar ke faruwa

Kamuwa da cuta tare da Bacillus anthracis yana iya faruwa ta hanyar hulɗa da abubuwa ko dabbobin da suka gurɓata da ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta shanu, awaki da tumaki. Lokacin da cutar ta faru ta hanyar hulɗa tare da spores kuma yana haifar da bayyanar alamun fata, ana iya saurin kamuwa da cutar daga mutum zuwa mutum.

Sauran hanyoyin yaduwar cutar sune ta hanyar shigar da gurbataccen nama ko kuma dabbobin da suka samo asali da kuma shakar iskar da ke yaduwa, wanda shine mafi saurin yaduwa a yanayin ta'addancin, misali.Wadannan nau'ikan yada kwayar cutar guda biyu ba a daukar kwayar cutar daga mutum zuwa mutum, duk da haka ana daukar su mafiya tsanani, tunda kwayoyin cutar zasu iya isa cikin jini cikin sauki, su yadu zuwa wasu sassan jiki kuma su haifar da mummunan cututtuka.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Ana kula da kamuwa da cutar Anthrax tare da amfani da magungunan rigakafi waɗanda ya kamata a yi amfani da su bisa ga jagorancin mai cutar da / ko babban likita. Bugu da kari, ana iya ba da shawarar magunguna don kawar da aikin dafin da ake fitarwa da ƙwayoyin cuta ke fitarwa, don haka ya hana ci gaban cutar da sauƙaƙe alamomin.

Alurar rigakafin anthrax ba ta samuwa ga ɗaukacin jama'a, kawai ga mutanen da ke da damar samun damar kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar yadda yake ga sojoji da masana kimiyya, misali.

Rigakafin Anthrax

Kamar yadda yawancin wannan kwayar cutar basa cikin muhalli, kawai a cikin dakunan bincike don dalilai na yaƙi idan ya cancanta, ana samun maganin rigakafin anthrax ne kawai ga mutanen da ake zaton suna cikin haɗari, kamar sojoji, masana kimiyya, dakunan gwaje-gwaje na fasaha, ma'aikatan masaku kamfanonin dabbobi.

Kamar yadda kuma ana iya samun kwayoyin cutar a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci ko kuma a cikin gashin dabbobi, hanya daya ta rigakafin cutar ita ce ta hanyar kula da lafiyar dabbobi, ta yadda za a rage kasancewar kwayoyin cutar a cikin muhalli.

Game da amfani da Bacillus anthracis a matsayin wani nau'i na ta'addanci, mafi kyawun dabarun hana kamuwa da cutar da ci gaban cutar ita ce alurar riga kafi da kuma amfani da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyi da aka nuna na kimanin kwanaki 60.