Babban zuciya (cardiomegaly): menene, alamomi, dalilai da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Matsaloli da ka iya haddasa cutar cardiomegaly
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Amfani da magunguna
• 2. Sanya Pacemaker
• 3. Yin aikin tiyata a zuciya
• 4. Yin aikin jijiyoyin zuciya
• 5. Dashen zuciya
• Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa
• Kula yayin jiyya

Cardiomegaly, wanda aka fi sani da babban zuciya, ba cuta ba ce, amma alama ce ta wasu cututtukan zuciya kamar gazawar zuciya, cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, matsaloli tare da bawul na zuciya ko arrhythmia, misali. Wadannan cututtukan na iya sanya jijiyoyin zuciya su kauri ko dakunan zuciya su kara girma, su sanya zuciya girma.

Irin wannan canji a cikin zuciya yana faruwa akai-akai a cikin tsofaffi, amma kuma yana iya faruwa a cikin samari ko yara masu matsalar zuciya kuma, a matakin farko, ba zai iya nuna alamun ba. Koyaya, saboda bunkasar zuciya, harba jini zuwa jiki duka yana da matsala, wanda ke haifar da gajiya mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin numfashi, misali.

Duk da kasancewa mummunan yanayi wanda zai iya haifar da mutuwa, cardiomegaly zai iya kula da shi ta hanyar likitan zuciya tare da magani ko tiyata, kuma yana da magani idan aka gano shi a farkon.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

A cikin matakin farko, cardiomegaly gabaɗaya baya nuna alamun, duk da haka, tare da ci gaban matsalar, zuciya ta fara samun matsala mafi girma wajen harba jini zuwa jiki yadda yakamata.

A cikin matakan ci gaba, ainihin alamun cututtukan zuciya sun haɗa da:

• Ofarancin numfashi yayin motsa jiki, hutawa ko lokacin kwance a kan baya;
• Abin mamaki na bugun zuciya mara tsari
• Ciwon kirji;
• Tari, musamman lokacin kwanciya;
• Dizziness da suma;
• Rauni da kasala yayin yin ƙananan ƙoƙari;
• Gajiya sosai;
• Ofarancin numfashi yayin motsa jiki, hutawa ko lokacin kwance a kan baya;
• Kumburi a kafafu, idon kafa ko kafa;
• Yawan kumburi a cikin ciki.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuntubi likitan zuciyar da zaran wadannan alamomin suka bayyana, ko kuma a nemi sashin kula da gaggawa mafi kusa idan kun ji alamun alamun bugun zuciya kamar ciwon kirji da wahalar numfashi. San yadda ake gane alamomin farko na matsalolin zuciya.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Ganewar cutar cardiomegaly an yi ta ne bisa ga tarihin asibiti kuma ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje irin su x-rays, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, compote tomography ko magnetic resonance don tantance aikin zuciya. Kari akan haka, ana iya yin odar gwajin jini don gano matakan wasu abubuwa a cikin jini wadanda zasu iya haifar da matsalar zuciya.

Sauran nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen da likitan zuciyar zai iya ba da umarni sune na yin kitsen ciki, wanda zai baka damar duba zuciya daga ciki da kuma biopsy na zuciya, wanda za'a iya yi yayin katsewar domin tantance lalacewar ƙwayoyin zuciya. Gano yadda ake yiwa zuciya aiki.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasa cutar cardiomegaly

Cardiomegaly yawanci sakamakon wasu cututtuka kamar:

• Tsarin jini na jijiyoyin jini;
• Matsalar jijiyoyin zuciya kamar toshewar jijiyoyin zuciya;
• Rashin wadatar Zuciya;
• Ciwon zuciya na Cardiac;
• Cardiomyopathy;
• Infarction;
• Ciwon bugun zuciya saboda zazzabi mai zafi ko kamuwa da zuciya kamar endocarditis;
• Ciwon suga;
• Ciwan jini na huhu;
• Ciwo na huhu na huɗu;
• Rashin ƙima;
• Anemia;
• Matsaloli a cikin glandar thyroid kamar hypo ko hyperthyroidism;
• Babban ƙarfe a cikin jini;
• Cutar Chagas;
• Shaye-shaye.

Bugu da kari, wasu kwayoyi don magance cutar kansa, kamar doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin ko cyclophosphamide, na iya haifar da bayyanar cardiomegaly.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Dole ne likitan zuciya ya jagorantar jiyya don cardiomegaly kuma yawanci ya haɗa da:

1. Amfani da magunguna

Magungunan da likitan zuciyar zai iya rubutawa don magance cardiomegaly sune:

• Diuretics kamar furosemide ko indapamide: suna taimakawa wajen cire ruwa mai yawa daga jiki, yana hana su taruwa a jijiyoyin jini da nakasa bugun zuciya, ban da rage kumburi a ciki da kafafu, ƙafa da ƙafafun kafa;
• Magungunan antihypertensive kamar yadda captopril, enalapril, losartan, valsartan, carvedilol ko bisoprolol: suna taimakawa wajen inganta yaduwar jiragen ruwa, da kara yawan jini da saukaka aikin zuciya;
• Anticoagulants kamar warfarin ko asfirin: rage danko na jini, hana bayyanar dusar da ta kewaya wacce za ta iya haifar da nakasa ko shanyewar jiki;
• Antiarrhythmic kamar digoxin: yana ƙarfafa tsokar zuciya, sauƙaƙa ayyukan ƙwanƙwasawa kuma yana ba da damar harbin jini mai tasiri.

Amfani da waɗannan kwayoyi ya kamata ayi ne kawai a ƙarƙashin kulawar likitan zuciya kuma tare da takamaiman allurai ga kowane mutum.

2. Sanya Pacemaker

A wasu lokuta na cardiomegaly, musamman ma a cikin matakai masu ci gaba, likitan zuciyar na iya nuna sanyawar na'urar bugun zuciya don daidaita motsin lantarki da raguwar jijiyar zuciya, inganta aikinta da sauƙaƙe aikin zuciya.

3. Yin aikin tiyata a zuciya

Za'a iya yin aikin tiyata a cikin zuciya ta hanyar likitan zuciya idan dalilin cardiomegaly nakasa ce ko canji a cikin bawul na zuciya. Yin aikin tiyata yana ba ka damar gyara ko sauya bawul ɗin da abin ya shafa.

4. Yin aikin jijiyoyin zuciya

Za'a iya nuna tiyatar ta jijiyar zuciya ta likitan zuciya idan cardiomegaly ya haifar da matsaloli tare da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke da alhakin shayar da zuciya.

Wannan tiyatar tana ba da damar yin gyara da kuma juyawar ƙwayar jinin jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa kuma yana taimaka wajan kula da alamomin ciwon kirji da wahalar numfashi.

5. Dashen zuciya

Za a iya yin dashen zuciya idan sauran hanyoyin zaɓuɓɓukan ba su da tasiri wajen sarrafa alamun cututtukan zuciya, kasancewar shine zaɓin magani na ƙarshe. Gano yadda ake dasa zuciyar.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Matsalolin da cardiomegaly na iya haifar sune:

• Infarction;
• Samuwar kashin jini;
• Kamun zuciya;
• Mutuwa kwatsam.

Wadannan rikitarwa sun dogara da wane bangare na zuciya ya kara girma da kuma dalilin cardiomegaly. Sabili da haka, duk lokacin da ake zargin matsalar zuciya, yana da matukar muhimmanci a nemi taimakon likita.

Kula yayin jiyya

Wasu matakai masu mahimmanci yayin maganin cardiomegaly sune:

• Kada a sha taba;
• Kula da lafiya;
• Kula da matakan glucose na jinin ku a ƙarƙashin sarrafawa kuma ku ɗauki maganin ciwon sukari da likitanku ya ba da shawarar;
• Yi likitan likita don kula da hawan jini;
• Guji abubuwan sha da maganin kafeyin;
• Kada a yi amfani da kwayoyi kamar su hodar iblis ko amphetamines;
• Yi motsa jiki na jiki wanda likita ya ba da shawara;
• Bar akalla awanni 8 zuwa 9 a dare.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a bi likitan zuciyar wanda dole ne kuma ya jagoranci canje-canje a cikin abinci da kuma cin daidaitaccen abinci mai ƙoshin mai, sukari ko gishiri. Binciki cikakken jerin abincin da ke da kyau ga zuciya.