Yaya Rayuwar Rayuwa ga Mutanen da ke da Cutar Fibrosis?

Wadatacce

• Menene cystic fibrosis?
• Menene tsawon rai?
• Yaya ake magance ta?
• Yaya yawan cystic fibrosis yake?
• Menene alamun cututtuka da rikitarwa?
• Rayuwa tare da cystic fibrosis

Menene cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis wani yanayi ne mai ɗorewa wanda ke haifar da cututtukan huhu da ke faruwa kuma yana sa wahalar numfashi ya zama da wuya. Hakan ya samo asali ne daga lahani a cikin kwayar halittar CFTR. Rashin al'ajabi ya shafi gland din da ke samar da laka da zufa. Yawancin alamun cututtuka suna shafar tsarin numfashi da na narkewa.

Wasu mutane suna ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta mai lalacewa, amma ba su ci gaba da saurin cystic fibrosis. Zaka iya kamuwa da cutar ne kawai idan ka gaji nakasasshen kwayar halitta daga iyayen biyu.

Lokacin da masu ɗauka biyu ke da ɗa, akwai damar kashi 25 cikin ɗari kawai cewa yaron zai kamu da cutar cystic fibrosis. Akwai yiwuwar kashi 50 cikin ɗari yaro zai zama mai ɗauka, kuma kaso 25 cikin ɗari na yaron ba zai gaji maye gurbi ba kwata-kwata.

Akwai maye gurbi da yawa na kwayar CFTR, don haka alamun cutar da tsananin cutar sun bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.

Ci gaba da karatu don ƙarin koyo game da wanda ke cikin haɗari, ingantattun zaɓuɓɓukan magani, da kuma dalilin da yasa mutanen da ke fama da cutar cystic fibrosis ke rayuwa fiye da kowane lokaci.

Menene tsawon rai?

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sami ci gaba a cikin maganin da ake samu don mutanen da ke da cutar cystic fibrosis. Yawanci saboda waɗannan ingantattun jiyya, rayuwar mutanen da ke da cutar cystic fibrosis tana ta ci gaba da haɓaka a cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata. Sai kawai 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, yawancin yara masu fama da cutar cystic fibrosis ba su rayu har zuwa girma ba.

A Amurka da Unitedasar Ingila a yau, matsakaicin ran mutum ya kai shekaru 35 zuwa 40. Wasu mutane suna rayuwa fiye da haka.

Tsammani na rayuwa ya ragu ƙwarai a wasu ƙasashe, ciki har da El Salvador, Indiya, da Bulgaria, inda ƙasa da shekaru 15.

Yaya ake magance ta?

Akwai wasu dabaru da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da ake amfani da su don magance cystic fibrosis. Wata mahimmiyar manufa ita ce sassauta dattin ciki da kuma tsarkake hanyoyin iska. Wata maƙasudin shine inganta haɓakar abubuwan gina jiki.

Tunda akwai alamomi iri-iri da kuma tsananin alamun bayyanar, magani ya banbanta ga kowane mutum. Zaɓuɓɓukan maganinku sun dogara da shekarunku, duk wata matsala, da kuma yadda kuke amsa wasu hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Wataƙila za'a buƙaci haɗuwa da jiyya, wanda zai haɗa da:

• motsa jiki da motsa jiki
• oralarin abinci mai gina jiki na baka ko na IV
• magunguna don share ƙura daga huhu
• masu shan iska
• corticosteroids
• magunguna don rage acid a ciki
• maganin rigakafi na baka ko shaƙa
• enzymes masu ciwon hanta
• insulin

CFTR-masu gyara suna daga cikin sabbin maganin da ke haifar da lahani daga kwayoyin halitta.

A 'yan kwanakin nan, yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cutar cystic fibrosis suna karɓar dashen huhu. A Amurka, mutane 202 da ke dauke da cutar sun sami huhu a shekarar 2014. Duk da cewa dashen huhun ba magani ba ne, zai iya inganta lafiya da tsawan rai. Inaya daga cikin mutane shida da ke da cutar cystic fibrosis waɗanda shekarunsu suka wuce 40 an yi musu dashen huhu.

Yaya yawan cystic fibrosis yake?

A duk duniya, mutane 70,000 zuwa 100,000 na da cutar cystic fibrosis.

A Amurka, kusan mutane 30,000 ke zaune tare da shi. Kowace shekara likitoci suna bincikar ƙarin mutane 1,000.

Abin ya fi zama ruwan dare a cikin mutanen da suka fito daga arewacin Turai fiye da sauran kabilu. Yana faruwa sau daya a cikin jariri farin jarirai 2,500 zuwa 3,500. Daga cikin Baƙin fata, ƙimar ɗaya ce a cikin 17,000 kuma ga Asiyawan Amurkawa, ɗaya ne cikin 31,000.

An kiyasta cewa kusan ɗaya cikin mutane 31 a Amurka yana ɗauke da kwayar halittar da ke da nakasa. Yawancinsu ba su da masaniya kuma za su ci gaba da kasancewa sai dai idan an gano wani ɗan uwa da cutar cystic fibrosis

A Kanada kusan ɗayan jarirai 3,600 ke ɗauke da cutar. Cystic fibrosis yana shafar jarirai a cikin Tarayyar Turai kuma ɗayan cikin jarirai 2,500 da aka haifa a Ostiraliya.

Cutar ba safai a Asiya ba. Ana iya kasancewa ba a bincikar cutar sosai kuma ba a bayar da rahoto sosai a wasu sassan duniya.

Ana cutar maza da mata a kan daidai daidai.

Menene alamun cututtuka da rikitarwa?

Idan kana da cutar cystic fibrosis, za ka rasa gishiri da yawa ta majina da gumi, wannan shine dalilin da yasa fatar ka zata iya dandana gishiri. Rashin gishiri na iya haifar da rashin daidaiton ma'adinai a cikin jininka, wanda zai haifar da:

• wadatar zuci
• saukar karfin jini
• gigice

Babbar matsalar ita ce yana da wahala huhu su wanzu daga laka. Yana ginawa ya toshe huhu da hanyoyin numfashi. Bugu da ƙari don sanya shi wahalar numfashi, yana ƙarfafa ƙwayoyin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu sauƙin amfani.

Cystic fibrosis kuma yana shafar ƙashin mara. Buɗewar dusar ƙanƙancin a can yana ta da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin narkewar abinci, yana mai da wahala ga jiki sarrafa abinci da shan bitamin da sauran abubuwan gina jiki.

Kwayar cutar cystic fibrosis na iya haɗawa da:

• yatsun kafa da yatsun kafa
• shakar numfashi ko gajeren numfashi
• sinus cututtuka ko hanci polyps
• tari wanda wani lokaci yakan haifar da maniyyi ko kuma ya ƙunshi jini
• huhu ya faɗo saboda tari na tsawon lokaci
• sake kamuwa da cututtukan huhu kamar mashako da ciwon huhu
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki da karancin bitamin
• rashin ci gaba
• kujeru masu maiko, ƙato
• rashin haihuwa a cikin maza
• cystic fibrosis da ke da alaƙa da ciwon sukari
• pancreatitis
• tsakuwa
• cutar hanta

Bayan lokaci, yayin da huhu ke ci gaba da lalacewa, zai iya haifar da gazawar numfashi.

Rayuwa tare da cystic fibrosis

Babu sanannen magani don cystic fibrosis. Cuta ce da ke buƙatar kulawa da hankali da magani na rayuwa. Jiyya don cutar yana buƙatar haɗin gwiwa tare da likitanku da wasu a cikin ƙungiyar kiwon lafiyar ku.

Mutanen da suka fara magani tun da wuri kan sami ingantacciyar rayuwa, da kuma tsawon rai. A Amurka, yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cutar cystic fibrosis ana bincikar su kafin su kai shekara biyu. Yawancin yara yanzu ana bincikar su lokacin da aka gwada su jim kaɗan bayan haihuwarsu.

Kiyaye hanyoyin iska da huhu daga laka na iya ɗaukar awanni daga yininka. Akwai kullun haɗari na rikitarwa mai tsanani, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a yi ƙoƙarin guje wa ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan kuma yana nufin rashin saduwa da wasu waɗanda ke da cutar cystic fibrosis. Bambancin kwayoyin cuta daga huhunku na iya haifar da lamuran lafiya ga ku duka.

Tare da duk waɗannan haɓakawa a cikin kiwon lafiya, mutanen da ke da cutar cystic fibrosis suna rayuwa cikin ƙoshin lafiya da tsawon rai.

Wasu hanyoyi masu gudana na bincike sun haɗa da maganin jinsi da tsarin kwayoyi waɗanda zasu iya jinkirta ko dakatar da ci gaban cutar.

A cikin 2014, fiye da rabin mutanen da aka haɗa a cikin rajistar haƙuri ta cystic fibrosis sun fi shekaru 18. Yana da farko. Masana kimiyya da likitoci suna aiki tuƙuru don ci gaba da wannan kyakkyawan yanayin.