Mawallafi: Monica Porter
Ranar Halitta: 18 Maris 2021
Sabuntawa: 15 Disamba 2024
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Shin Papy zai iya gano cutar HIV?

Siffar Pap smear don cutar sankarar mahaifa ta hanyar neman rashin daidaito a cikin kwayoyin halittar mahaifar mace. Tun lokacin da aka gabatar da shi a cikin Amurka a cikin 1941, gwajin Pap, ko Pap, an ladafta shi tare da rage saurin mutuwa saboda cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Duk da yake cutar sankarar mahaifa na iya zama sanadiyyar mutuwa idan ba a kula da ita ba, yawanci cutar sankara a hankali take girma. Pap smear yana gano canje-canje a cikin mahaifa da wuri don ingantaccen tsoma baki.

Jagororin sun bada shawarar cewa mata masu shekaru daga 21 zuwa 65 su sami cutar shafawa a jiki duk shekara uku. Sharuɗɗan suna ba da izinin yin gwajin jini na Pap a kowace shekara biyar ga mata masu shekaru 30 zuwa 65 idan suma an bincika su don cutar papillomavirus (HPV). HPV shine kwayar da zata iya haifar da sankarar mahaifa.

Ana yin Pap smear a lokaci guda kamar gwaje-gwaje na wasu cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i (STIs), kamar HIV. Koyaya, Pap smear baya gwada HIV.

Menene zai faru idan aka gano ƙwayoyin halittu marasa kyau ta wurin shafawar Pap?

Idan Pap smear ya nuna kasancewar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mahaifa, mai ba da lafiya na iya ba da shawarar colposcopy.


A colposcope yana amfani da ƙananan haɓaka don haskaka rashin daidaito na mahaifa da yankin kewaye. A wannan lokacin, mai ba da kiwon lafiyar na iya ɗaukar biopsy, wanda ƙaramin abu ne, don gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ya zama mai yiwuwa a gwada kasancewar HPV DNA kai tsaye. Tattara samfurin nama don gwajin DNA yayi kama da aikin ɗaukar Pap smear kuma ana iya yin sa a wannan ziyarar.

Waɗanne gwaje-gwajen HIV ke akwai?

Duk wanda ke tsakanin shekaru 13 zuwa 64 yakamata ayi gwajin HIV aƙalla sau ɗaya, a cewar.

Ana iya amfani da gwajin gida don yin gwajin cutar kanjamau, ko kuma za a iya yin gwajin a ofishin mai ba da lafiya. Ko da wani yana yin gwajin STI a kowace shekara, ba za su iya ɗauka cewa kowane takamaiman gwaji, gami da gwajin kanjamau, wani ɓangare ne na allo na yau da kullun.

Duk wanda yake son gwajin cutar kanjamau to ya fadi damuwar sa ga likitocin sa. Wannan na iya haifar da tattaunawa game da abin da ya kamata a yi gwajin STI da kuma yaushe. Jadawalin tantancewa daidai ya dogara da lafiyar mutum, halayyarsa, shekarunsa, a tsakanin wasu dalilai.


Wace dakin gwaje-gwaje ake yin gwajin cutar HIV?

Idan ana yin gwajin cutar kanjamau a ofishin mai ba da lafiya, ɗayan gwaje-gwaje uku na gwaje-gwaje ana iya yin:

  • gwajin jikin dan adam, wanda ke amfani da jini ko yawu don gano sunadaran da tsarin garkuwar jiki ya samar dangane da cutar kanjamau
  • gwajin antibody da antigen, wanda ke bincika jini don sunadaran da ke haɗuwa da HIV
  • gwajin RNA, wanda ke bincikar jini game da duk wani nau'in kwayar halitta da ke tattare da kwayar

Kwanan nan ci gaba da gwaje-gwaje masu sauri ba sa buƙatar a bincika sakamakon a cikin lab. Gwajin yana neman rigakafin jiki kuma yana iya dawo da sakamako cikin minti 30 ko ƙasa da haka.

Gwajin farko na iya zama gwajin antibody ko antibody / antigen. Gwajin jini na iya gano ƙananan matakin antibody fiye da yadda ake samu a cikin samfuran miyau. Wannan yana nufin cewa gwajin jini zai iya gano kwayar cutar HIV da wuri.

Idan mutum yayi gwajin cutar kanjamau, za'ayi gwaji na gaba don tantance ko suna da HIV-1 ko HIV-2. Ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya yawanci suna ƙayyade wannan ta amfani da gwajin rigakafin rigakafi.


Wadanne gwaje-gwaje na gida ake bincika HIV?

Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ta amince da gwajin gida biyu na gwajin cutar kanjamau. Sune Tsarin Gwajin HIV-1 na Gida da kuma OraQuick In-Home HIV.

Tare da Tsarin Gwajin HIV-1 na Gida, mutum zai dauki dankan jininsa ya aika zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji. Suna iya kiran lab a cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu don karɓar sakamakon. Sakamakon sakamako mai kyau ana sake gwada su akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa sakamakon ya zama daidai.

Wannan jarabawar ba ta da wata damuwa fiye da wacce ke amfani da jini daga jijiya, amma ya fi hankali fiye da wanda ke amfani da bakin bakin.

Gwajin kwayar cutar OraQuick A Cikin Gida yana amfani da swab na yau daga baki. Ana samun sakamako a cikin minti 20. Idan mutum ya gwada tabbatacce, za a tura shi zuwa shafukan gwaji don gwaji na gaba don tabbatar da daidaito. Learnara koyo game da gwajin gida don HIV.

Me mutanen da ke damuwa da kwayar cutar HIV za su iya yi yanzu?

Yin gwaji da wuri shine mabuɗin magani mai mahimmanci.

"Muna ba da shawarar kowa ya yi gwajin cutar HIV a kalla sau daya a rayuwarsa," in ji Michelle Cespedes, MD, memba a kungiyar Magunguna ta HIV kuma masannin farfesa a likitanci a Makarantar Medicine ta Icahn a Dutsen Sinai.

"Sakamakon wannan shi ne cewa mun tsinci mutane ne kafin a lalata musu garkuwar jikinsu," in ji ta. "Mun sa su a kan magani nan ba da daɗewa ba don hana su samun rigakafin rigakafin cutar."

Ya kamata mutanen da ke sanannun abubuwan haɗarin HIV su tantance zaɓin da suke so. Ko dai zasu iya tsara alƙawari tare da mai ba su kiwon lafiya don gwajin lab ko siyan gwajin gida.

Idan suka zaɓi yin gwajin gida kuma suna da sakamako mai kyau, zasu iya tambayar maƙiyin lafiyarsu ya tabbatar da wannan sakamakon. Daga can, su biyun na iya aiki tare don tantance zaɓuɓɓuka da ƙayyade matakai na gaba.

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