Schistosomiasis: menene, alamu, tsarin rayuwa da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban alamu da alamomi
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Tsarin rayuwa na Schistosomiasis
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Shin Schistosomiasis yana da magani?
• Yadda za a guji gurɓatarwa

Schistosomiasis, wanda aka fi sani da schistosis, cikin ruwa ko cutar katantanwa, cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa daga m Schistosoma mansoni, wanda ana iya samun sa a cikin ruwa na koguna da tabkuna kuma wanda zai iya shiga cikin fata, yana haifar da ja da ƙaiƙayin fata, rauni da ciwon tsoka, misali.

Schistosomiasis yafi yawaita a yankuna masu zafi inda babu tsabtace muhalli kuma inda akwai katantanwa da yawa, tunda waɗannan dabbobi ana ɗaukarsu masu karɓar mahaukaciSchistosoma, ma'ana, parasit yana buƙatar ɓatar da lokaci a cikin katantanwa don haɓakawa da isa ga matakin da yake kulawa da kamuwa da mutane.

Duba ƙarin game da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da sauran cututtukan da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa:

Babban alamu da alamomi

A mafi yawan lokuta, schistosomiasis yana da alamun rashin tabbas, duk da haka mutumin da cutar ta kamu da cutar na iya haifar da alamomin farko da alamomin da ke bayyana matakin farko na cutar, wanda kuma ake kira m lokaci:

• Redness da itching inda m ya shiga;
• Zazzaɓi;
• Rashin rauni;
• Tari;
• Ciwon jijiyoyi;
• Rashin ci;
• Gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya;
• Tashin zuciya da amai;
• Jin sanyi.

Yayinda kwayar cutar ke ci gaba a cikin jiki kuma take motsawa zuwa yaduwar hanta, wasu alamomi da alamu masu tsanani zasu iya bayyana, suna bayyana kashi na biyu na cutar, wanda kuma ake kira na zamani:

• Kasancewar jini a cikin buta;
• Cramps;
• Ciwon ciki;
• Rashin hankali,
• Sliming;
• Kumburin ciki, wanda kuma ake kira shingen ruwa;
• Palpitations;
• Eningarfafawa da fadada hanta;
• Sara girma.

Don kauce wa farkon bayyanar cututtuka masu tsanani na schistosomiasis, yana da mahimmanci a gano asalin cutar, zai fi dacewa, har yanzu a cikin mummunan yanayin cutar.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Ana yin binciken ne ta hanyar binciken najasar kwana 3, wanda kwai yake a ciki Schistosoma mansoni. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya neman cikakken ƙidayar jini da auna enzymes na hanta, kamar ALT da AST, waɗanda yawanci ana canza su, ban da gwaje-gwajen hotunan, kamar su duban dan tayi na ciki, alal misali, don tabbatar da ƙaruwa da aiki na hanta da baƙin ciki.

Tsarin rayuwa na Schistosomiasis

Kamuwa da cuta tare da Schistosoma mansoni hakan na faruwa ne ta hanyar saduwa da gurbataccen ruwa, musamman a wuraren da akwai katantanwa da yawa. Don haka, manoma, masunta, mata da yara sun fi saukin kamuwa da wannan cutar bayan kamun kifi, wanke tufafi ko wanka a gurɓataccen ruwa.

Tsarin rayuwa na schistosomiasis yana da rikitarwa kuma yana faruwa kamar haka:

1. Qwai daga Schistosoma mansoni ana sake su cikin najasar mutanen da ke dauke da cutar;
2. Lokacin da qwai suka cimma ruwa, sai su kyankyashe saboda tsananin zafin jiki, tsananin haske da yawan iskar oxygen a cikin ruwa, kuma su saki miracide, wanda shine daya daga cikin siffofin farko na Schistosoma mansoni;
3. Miracids da ke cikin ruwa suna da sha'awar katantanwa saboda abubuwan da waɗannan dabbobi suka saki;
4. Bayan sun isa katantanwa, miracidia sun rasa wasu daga tsarinsu kuma suka bunkasa har zuwa matakin mahaifa, ana sake shi a cikin ruwa;
5. Ciwon mahaifar da aka saki a cikin ruwa yana gudanar da kutsawa cikin fatar mutane;
6. A lokacin shigar azzakari cikin farji, cercariae sun rasa jelarsu kuma sun zama schistosomules, wanda ya kai ga jini;
7. Schistosomules yayi ƙaura zuwa zagayawa ta hanyar hanta, inda suka girma har zuwa girmanta;
8. Tsutsotsi manya, mace da namiji, suna yin ƙaura zuwa hanji, inda mata ke sa ƙwai;
9. Qwai na daukar kamar sati 1 kafin su nuna;
10. Daga nan sai a saki ƙwai da ya girma a cikin najasar kuma, idan an yi mu'amala da ruwa, to ƙyanƙyashewa, yana haifar da sabon zagaye.

Sabili da haka, a wuraren da babu tsaftar muhalli, ya zama ruwan dare ga mutane da yawa a cikin al'umma ɗaya da cutar ta schistosomiasis, musamman idan akwai katantanwa da yawa a yankin, saboda wannan dabbar tana da muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar mai cutar. sake zagayowar Don karya wannan zagayen kuma hana wasu mutane gurɓatuwa, dole ne mutum ya guji haɗuwa da gurɓataccen ruwa kuma ya kawar da katantanwa da ya wuce gona da iri.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Yawancin lokaci ana yin magani tare da magungunan antiparasitic kamar Praziquantel ko Oxamniquina na kwana 1 ko 2, waɗanda ke kashewa da kawar da m. Bugu da kari, likita na iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da mayukan corticoid don taimakawa fata mai kaushi, sannan kuma an ba da shawarar a huta, a kiyaye ruwa mai kyau, a sha ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya nuna alamun rage zafi, don rage zazzabi da maƙarƙashiya.

A cikin mutanen da suka ci gaba da ɓacin rai na schistosomiasis, ana iya amfani da beta-blockers da kwayoyi don sarrafa gudawa, ban da sclerotherapy na jijiyoyin jijiya na esophagus.

Shin Schistosomiasis yana da magani?

Schistosomiasis ana iya warkewa lokacin da aka gano cutar a farkon lokacin farko na cutar kuma ana fara magani da wuri-wuri, saboda wannan hanya ce mai yuwuwa don kawar da m da hana bayyanar rikitarwa, kamar kumburin hanta da saifa, anemia da jinkiri a ci gaban yaro, misali. Sabili da haka, idan ana tuhuma cewa mutum yana da tsutsotsi, ya kamata a fara shan magani da wuri-wuri.

Don gano idan mutumin ya warke da gaske, likita na iya neman a sake yin sabon gwajin bayan gida a mako 6 da 12 bayan fara jinya. A wasu lokuta, don gujewa shakku, likita ya nemi a bincikar dubura watanni 6 bayan fara magani.

Koyaya, koda an tabbatar da maganin schistosomiasis, mutumin baya samun rigakafi, kuma mai cutar zai sake kamuwa da shi idan ya haɗu da gurɓataccen ruwa.

Yadda za a guji gurɓatarwa

Za a iya yin rigakafin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar tsabtace jiki kamar su:

• Guji hulɗa da ruwan sama da ruwan ambaliya;
• Kada ku yi tafiya ba takalmi a kan titi, a kan ƙasa ko cikin koramu na ruwa mai daɗi;
• Sha abin sha kawai, tace ko kuma ruwan dafaffen.

Ya kamata a kiyaye wadannan matakan musamman a wuraren da babu wadataccen tsaftar muhalli kuma shara na gudana a fili.