Shin Psoriasis wani Ciwon Cutar kansa ne?

Wadatacce

• Bayani
• Fahimtar cututtukan autoimmune
• Yanayin autoimmune na gama gari
• Psoriasis a matsayin cuta na autoimmune
• Magunguna waɗanda ke ƙaddamar da tsarin rigakafi
• Tsoffin magunguna
• Ilimin halittu
• Masu adawa da TNF
• Sabbin ilimin halittu
• Psoriasis da haɗari ga wasu yanayin autoimmune
• A zama na gaba

Bayani

Psoriasis wani yanayi ne na fata mai kumburi wanda yake tattare da launukan jan fata masu kaushi wanda aka rufe shi da sikeli-fari mai nauyi. Yana da yanayin rashin lafiya. Kwayar cututtuka na iya zuwa kuma tafi, kuma suna iya kaiwa cikin tsanani.

Cutar psoriasis wani yanayi ne na gama gari, wanda ya shafi kusan kashi 3 cikin ɗari na yawan mutanen duniya. Kimanin mutane miliyan 7.4 a Amurka suna da cutar psoriasis.

Ainihin dalilin cutar psoriasis ba shi da tabbas. Anyi tunanin haɗuwa ne da jinsin halittu, abubuwan muhalli, da kuma tsarin garkuwar ku.

Dangane da ci gaban bincike a cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata, psoriasis gabaɗaya an lasafta shi azaman cuta mai kashe kansa. Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙwayoyin jikin ku, waɗanda ake kira T cells, suna kuskuren afkawa ƙwayoyinku na fata kamar baƙi masu shigowa. Wannan yana sa ƙwayoyin jikinku suyi saurin haɗuwa, suna haifar da halayyar cututtukan fata na psoriasis.

Ba duk masu bincike bane suke tunanin cewa psoriasis cuta ce ta autoimmune. Wasu sun yarda cewa psoriasis yanayin rigakafi ne. Amma ka'idar su ita ce sakamakon psoriasis daga halayen mahaukaci da ke da nasaba da kwayar cutar.

Fahimtar cututtukan autoimmune

Kullum tsarin ka na rigakafi yana gane kwayoyin ka kuma baya afka musu. Cututtuka na autoimmune sune lokacin da garkuwar jikinku ta kuskure ta afka wa ƙwayoyin lafiya kamar suna waje ne masu afkawa jikinsu.

Akwai fiye da 100 cututtuka na autoimmune. Wasu cututtukan autoimmune sun ƙunshi ɓangare ɗaya kawai na jikinku - kamar fatar ku a cikin psoriasis. Wasu kuma tsari ne, wanda ya shafi dukkan jikinku.

Abin da duk rikice-rikicen autoimmune ke da shi ɗaya shi ne cewa ana haifar da su ne ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin halitta da abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli.

Daidai yadda kwayoyin halittu da abubuwan muhalli ke mu'amala da haifar da cututtuka daban-daban shine batun bincike mai gudana.

Ya zuwa yanzu, abin da aka sani shi ne cewa mutanen da ke tattare da kwayar halittar mutum na iya haifar da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ta jiki kamar yadda mutanen da ba su da kwayar halittar.

Ungiyar kwayoyin da ke tattare da ita ana kiranta hadadden tarihi, wanda aka sani da HLA. HLA ta bambanta a kowane mutum.

Halin kwayar halittar mutum na iya gudana cikin iyalai, amma yan uwa na iya haifar da rikice-rikice daban-daban na autoimmune. Hakanan, idan kuna da cuta guda ɗaya, kuna da haɗarin kamuwa da wata.

Akwai sanannun sanannun game da takamaiman abubuwan da ke tattare da muhalli waɗanda ke haifar da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin wani wanda ke da ƙaddarar kwayar halitta zuwa ƙararraki.

Yanayin autoimmune na gama gari

Anan akwai wasu daga cikin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mutum na yau da kullun:

• Celiac cuta (amsawa ga alkama)
• rubuta 1 ciwon sukari
• cututtukan hanji, ciki har da na Crohn
• lupus (tsarin lupus erythematosus, wanda ke shafar fata, koda, gidajen abinci, kwakwalwa, da sauran gabobi)
• rheumatoid amosanin gabbai (kumburi gidajen abinci)
• Ciwon Sjögren (rashin bushewa a cikin bakinka, idanunka, da sauran wurare)
• vitiligo (asarar launin fata, wanda ke haifar da facin fari)

Psoriasis a matsayin cuta na autoimmune

Mafi yawan masana kimiyya a yau sun yarda cewa psoriasis cuta ce ta autoimmune. An daɗe da sanin cewa tsarin rigakafi yana da alaƙa da cutar psoriasis. Amma ainihin inji ba tabbas bane.

A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, bincike ya tabbatar da cewa kwayoyin da kwayoyin halittar da ke hade da psoriasis ana raba su tare da sanannun cututtukan autoimmune. Bincike ya kuma tabbatar da cewa magungunan rigakafi sune sababbin magunguna na psoriasis. Wadannan kwayoyi suna aiki ta hanyar danne tsarin garkuwar jiki da ke afkawa da lafiyayyen nama.

Bincike yana gudana akan rawar ƙwayoyin T na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin psoriasis. Kwayoyin T sune "sojoji" na garkuwar jiki wadanda ke yaki da cututtuka koyaushe. Lokacin da kwayoyin T suka lalace kuma maimakon su kai hari ga lafiyayyar fata, sukan saki sunadarai na musamman da ake kira cytokines. Waɗannan suna haifar da ƙwayoyin fata su ninka kuma su haɓaka a saman fatar ku, wanda ke haifar da raunin psoriatic.

Wani labarin na 2017 ya ba da rahoto game da sabon bincike wanda ya gano ma'amala da ƙwayoyin T na musamman da kuma interleukins waɗanda aka riga aka sani suna da hannu wajen haɓaka psoriasis. Kamar yadda aka san ƙarin ƙayyadaddun bayanai, yana iya zama mai yiwuwa don samar da sababbin magungunan magani da ake niyya.

Magunguna waɗanda ke ƙaddamar da tsarin rigakafi

Jiyya don cutar psoriasis ya dogara da nau'in da tsananin yanayin, lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya, da sauran abubuwan.

Anan akwai magunguna daban-daban waɗanda ke ƙaddamar da wasu dalilai na musamman a cikin tsarin garkuwar jiki wanda ke haifar da kumburi. Wadannan ana amfani dasu gabaɗaya lokacin da alamun cututtukan psoriasis suke matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani. Lura cewa sababbin magunguna sun fi tsada.

Tsoffin magunguna

Tsoffin ƙwayoyi biyu da aka yi amfani da su don kawar da tsarin rigakafi da bayyanar cututtukan psoriasis sune methotrexate da cyclosporine. Waɗannan duka suna da tasiri, amma suna da illa masu illa yayin amfani da su na dogon lokaci.

Ilimin halittu

Masu adawa da TNF

Wani magani na baya-bayan nan yana ƙaddamar da wani abu wanda ke haifar da kumburi da ake kira factor necrosis factor (TNF). TNF cytokine ne wanda aka samar da shi ta hanyar tsarin garkuwar jiki kamar kwayoyin T. Wadannan sababbin magungunan ana kiransu masu adawa da TNF.

Magungunan anti-TNF suna da tasiri, amma ƙasa da sababbin abubuwan ilimin halitta. TNF antagonist kwayoyi sun hada da:

• adalimumab (Humira)
• karban bayanai (Enbrel)
• infliximab (Remicade)
• cergolizumab pegol (Cimzia)

Sabbin ilimin halittu

Recentarin ilimin kimiyyar zamani da aka toshe da toshe takamaiman ƙwayoyin T da hanyoyin interleukin waɗanda ke cikin psoriasis. Abubuwan ilimin halitta guda uku waɗanda ke ƙaddamar da IL-17 an yarda dasu tun daga 2015:

• secukinumab (Cosentyx)
• ixekizumab (Taltz)
• Brodalumab (Siliq)

Sauran kwayoyi suna nufin toshe wata hanyar interleukin (I-23 da IL-12):

• ustekinuman (Stelara) (IL-23 da IL-12)
• guselkumab (Tremfya) (IL-23)
• tildrakizumab-asmn (Ilumya) (IL-23)
• risankizumab-rzaa (Skyrizi) (IL-23)

Waɗannan ilimin ilimin halittu sun tabbatar da zama mai lafiya da tasiri.

Psoriasis da haɗari ga wasu yanayin autoimmune

Samun cutar guda ɗaya kamar psoriasis ta saka ku don haɓaka wata cuta ta autoimmune. Haɗarin yana ƙaruwa idan psoriasis ɗinka yayi tsanani.

Theungiyoyin kwayoyin halittar da ke ba ku damar haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki sun yi kama da nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan mutum. Wasu daga cikin matakan kumburi da abubuwan muhalli suma suna kama.

Babban cututtukan cututtuka na autoimmune da ke haɗuwa da psoriasis sune:

• cututtukan zuciya na psoriatic, wanda ke shafar kashi 30 zuwa 33 na mutanen da ke da cututtukan zuciya
• rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• cutar celiac
• Cutar Crohn da sauran cututtukan hanji
• ƙwayar cuta mai yawa
• lupus (tsarin lupus erythematosus ko SLE)
• autoimmune cututtukan thyroid
• Ciwon Sjögren
• asarar gashi na autoimmune (alopecia areata)
• pemphigoid mai ƙuna

A tare da psoriasis yana tare da cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid.

Halin psoriasis zuwa wasu cututtukan autoimmune shine batun binciken da ke gudana. Hakanan ana nazarin shi shine haɗuwa da psoriasis tare da kuma tare da ƙimar mutuwa mafi girma daga waɗancan cututtukan.

A zama na gaba

Hangen nesa ga mutane masu cutar psoriasis yana da kyau ƙwarai. Ba za a iya warke yanayin ba, amma jiyya na yanzu yawanci na iya ci gaba da bayyanar cututtuka.

Binciken likita yana ci gaba da gano ƙarin takamaiman bayani game da abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar ta psoriasis da sauran cututtukan autoimmune. Waɗannan sabbin abubuwan binciken sun taimaka wajen haɓaka sababbin magunguna waɗanda ke da mahimmanci da toshe hanyoyin cutar.

Misali, yawancin sabbin kwayoyi da yawa wadanda suke niyya ga interleukin-23 yanzu haka suna cikin gwaji na asibiti. Sauran sababbin hanyoyin na iya fitowa daga ci gaba da bincike kan rikice-rikicen autoimmune gaba ɗaya.

Yi magana da likitanka game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti da kuma game da sabbin abubuwa. Hakanan kuna iya son shiga ƙungiyar tallafi ta psoriasis / PsA ta kan layi.