Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani Game da Alurar COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson

Wadatacce

• Ta yaya maganin rigakafin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson ke aiki?
• Yaya tasirin rigakafin Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 yake?
• Mummunan Cutar COVID-19 da Bayanan Mutuwa
• Iri-iri na COVID-19
• Nawa allurai na rigakafin Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 kuke buƙata?
• Ta yaya allurar Johnson & Johnson ke shafar watsa COVID-19?
• Bita don

A ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, kwamitin ba da shawara na rigakafin rigakafi na FDA ya zaɓi baki ɗaya don ba da shawarar rigakafin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson don amfani da gaggawa. Wannan yana nufin allurar rigakafin - wacce ke buƙatar kashi ɗaya kawai - na iya kasancewa a shirye don amfani a Amurka a ƙarshen Maris, a cewar Cibiyar Bincike da Manufofin Cututtuka (CIDRAP).

Amma, yaya tasirin maganin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson yake? Kuma yaya aka kwatanta da sauran alluran COVID-19 daga Pfizer da Moderna? Ga abin da kuke buƙatar sani.

Ta yaya maganin rigakafin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson ke aiki?

Idan kun saba da allurar COVID-19 da Pfizer da Moderna suka kirkira, to tabbas kun san su duka allurar mRNA ne. Wannan yana nufin suna aiki ta hanyar sanya wani sashi na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 (ɓangaren ƙwayar cutar da ke haɗa kanta da sel a jikin ku) da amfani da waɗancan guntayen da aka sanya don haifar da martani na rigakafi daga jikin ku don ya haifar antibodies da cutar. (Duba: Yaya Tasirin Alurar COVID-19?)

Allurar Johnson & Johnson tana aiki kaɗan daban. Abu ɗaya, ba allurar mRNA bane. Allurar rigakafin adenovector ce, wanda ke nufin tana amfani da kwayar cutar da ba ta aiki (a wannan yanayin, adenovirus, wanda ke haifar da mura) a matsayin vector don isar da sunadarai (a wannan yanayin, furotin mai haɓaka daga SARS-CoV-2) wanda jikinku zai gane a matsayin barazana da haifar da garkuwar jiki, in ji Brittany Busse, MD, mataimakiyar daraktan likita a WorkCare.

Yanzu, kuna iya yin mamaki idan sanya “ƙwayoyin cuta marasa aiki” a jikinku zai sa ku rashin lafiya da gangan, amma ba zai yi ba. "Kwayar cutar da ba ta iya aiki ba za ta iya kwafa ko haifar da rashin lafiya," in ji Abisola Olulade, MD, likitan likitan iyali da aka tabbatar a Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group. Maimakon haka, adenovirus a cikin allurar COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson yana aiki ne kawai a matsayin mai ɗaukar (ko "vector") na SARS-CoV-2's protein spike gene gene in your sel, yana sa ƙwayoyin su yi kwafin wannan ƙwayar, ta bayyana. Tunani na karu da furotin da gene a matsayin sa na umarni ga yadda jikinka zai iya yaqi kashe SARS-CoV-2, in ji Dr. Olulade. Ta yi bayanin cewa: "Tsarin garkuwar jikin ku na iya gane wadannan sunadarai masu yaduwa kuma suna haifar muku da garkuwar jiki da za ta kare daga COVID," in ji ta. (FYI: Harbin mura yana aiki iri ɗaya.)

Duk da yake wannan fasahar rigakafin ta bambanta da ta Pfizer da Moderna, ba sabon ra'ayi ba ne. Allurar COVID da Oxford da AstraZeneca - wanda aka amince da amfani dashi a cikin EU da Burtaniya a watan Janairu (FDA a halin yanzu tana jiran bayanai daga gwajin asibiti na AstraZeneca kafin yin la'akari da izinin Amurka, Jaridar New York rahotanni) - yana amfani da fasahar adenovirus irin wannan. Johnson & Johnson sun kuma yi amfani da fasahar don ƙirƙirar allurar rigakafin cutar Ebola, wanda aka nuna yana da aminci da tasiri wajen samar da maganin rigakafi a jiki.

Yaya tasirin rigakafin Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 yake?

A cikin babban gwajin asibiti na kusan mutane 44,000, an nuna maganin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson yana da kashi 66 cikin 100 na tasiri gabaɗaya wajen hana matsakaici (wanda aka ayyana da alamun alamun COVID-19 ɗaya ko fiye) zuwa COVID-19 mai tsanani (wanda aka kwatanta da shi). shigar da ICU, gazawar numfashi, ko gazawar gabbai, a tsakanin sauran dalilai) kwanaki 28 bayan alurar riga kafi, bisa ga sanarwar manema labarai daga kamfanin. (Bayanai "za a gabatar da su ga mujallar da aka yi nazari a cikin makonni masu zuwa," in ji sanarwar manema labarai.)

Johnson & Johnson sun kuma raba cewa matakin rigakafin rigakafin cutar COVID zuwa matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani shine kashi 72 a Amurka, kashi 66 a Latin Amurka, da kashi 57 a Afirka ta Kudu (wanda, tare, yana ba ku jimlar inganci kashi 66 cikin ɗari) . Idan waɗancan lambobin suna da ɗan wahala, yana da kyau a lura cewa, idan aka kwatanta, harbin mura yana da kashi 40 zuwa 60 cikin ɗari ne kawai don kare jiki daga mura, duk da haka har yanzu yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage asibiti da mutuwa da ke da alaƙa da mura. Dr. Olulade. (mai alaƙa: Shin Harbin mura zai iya kare ku daga Coronavirus?)

Mummunan Cutar COVID-19 da Bayanan Mutuwa

Da farko, ƙimar ingancin maganin allurar Johnson & Johnson na kashi 66 na iya zama da ɗan rauni, musamman idan kuka kwatanta shi da ƙimar inganci daga Moderna (kashi 94.5 cikin ɗari) da Pfizer (“fiye da kashi 90 cikin ɗari,” a cewar kamfanin). Amma idan kun zurfafa zurfafa, bayanan Johnson & Johnson yi nuna ƙarin sakamako mai gamsarwa, musamman idan aka zo ga mafi munin shari'o'in COVID-19.

A duk yankuna, allurar ta kasance 85 bisa dari tasiri don hana COVID-19 mai tsanani, a cewar sanarwar Johnson & Johnson. A zahiri, kamfanin ya lura cewa rigakafinta ya nuna "cikakkiyar kariya daga asibiti da ke da alaƙa da COVID" kwanaki 28 bayan rigakafin, "ba tare da an sami rahoton bullar cutar ba" na asibiti da ke da alaƙa da COVID ko mutuwa a tsakanin waɗanda suka karɓi rigakafin Johnson & Johnson.

Dangane da illoli masu illa, Johnson & Johnson sun ce allurar rigakafin ta COVID “gabaɗaya tana da kyau” a duk masu halartar gwajin. Bayanai na farko na kamfanin sun ba da shawarar cewa allurar na iya haifar da “illa mai sauƙi-zuwa-matsakaici wanda yawanci ke da alaƙa da allurar rigakafi,” gami da gajiya, ciwon kai, ciwon tsoka, da ciwon wurin allura.

Iri-iri na COVID-19

Ba kamar karatun Pfizer da na Moderna ba, gwajin rigakafin Johnson & Johnson ya haɗa da sakamako a cikin yankuna da yawa - gami da waɗanda kwanan nan suka ga tashin hankali a cikin lamuran COVID da ke haifar da bambance-bambancen ƙwayar cuta. Dokta Olulade ta ce "[Wadannan bambance -bambancen] na iya zama ba su yi yawa ba a lokacin da ake nazarin alluran rigakafin da suka gabata." Tabbas, masu bincike yanzu suna duban yadda tasiri duka Alluran COVID-19 na iya kasancewa cikin kare jiki daga bambance-bambancen COVID-19 daban-daban. A yanzu, Dokta Busse ya ce bambance -bambancen Burtaniya “da wuya ya zama abin damuwa ga alluran COVID.” Duk da haka, ta kara da cewa, akwai shine hasashe cewa bambance-bambancen COVID daga Afirka ta Kudu da Brazil na iya "canza yadda ƙwayoyin rigakafi ke hulɗa da kwayar cutar" kuma suna iya sanya waɗancan ƙwayoyin rigakafin "ƙananan tasiri." (Mai dangantaka: Me yasa Sabbin COVID-19 ke yaduwa cikin sauri?)

Wancan ya ce, yayin da maganin ba zai iya hana kamuwa da cutar COVID-19 gaba ɗaya ba, da alama yana taimaka wa mutane su guje wa mummunar cutar. "Hakan kuma yana nufin cewa yana da yuwuwar rage nauyin da ke kan tsarin kula da lafiyarmu mai nauyi kuma yana sa mu kusanci wannan hasken a ƙarshen rami," in ji Dokta Olulade.

"Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa da zarar za mu iya yin rigakafi ga mutane, ƙananan canje-canjen da kwayar cutar za ta iya canzawa da kuma maimaitawa," in ji Dokta Olulade. "Shi ya sa muna bukatar mu yi wa kowa da kowa [alurar riga kafi] da wuri-wuri."

Nawa allurai na rigakafin Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 kuke buƙata?

Baya ga ingancin allurar da kanta, masana sun ce allurar COVID & Johnson & Johnson shima yana da alƙawarin saboda kawai yana buƙatar harbi guda ɗaya, yayin da allurar Pfizer da Moderna kowannensu yana buƙatar harbi biyu da makwanni biyu.

"Wannan na iya zama da gaske mai canza wasa," in ji Dokta Olulade. "Mun ga cewa wasu marasa lafiya, da rashin alheri, ba sa dawowa don kashi na biyu," don haka wannan hanyar da aka yi ɗaya na iya fassara zuwa ƙarin allurar rigakafi gaba ɗaya.

Wani babban fa'ida ga rigakafin COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson? Allurai a bayyane hanya ce mafi sauƙi don adanawa da rarrabawa fiye da allurar Pfizer da Moderna, godiya ga J & J na amfani da fasahar rigakafin adenovector. "Adenovirus [a cikin allurar Johnson & Johnson] mai rahusa ne kuma ba mai rauni bane [kamar mRNA a cikin allurar Pfizer da Moderna]," na ƙarshen yana buƙatar ajiya a yanayin sanyi sosai, in ji Dokta Busse. "Allurar Johnson & Johnson ta kafu a cikin firiji har na tsawon watanni uku, wanda ke sauƙaƙe jigilar kaya da rarraba wa waɗanda ke buƙata."

Ta yaya allurar Johnson & Johnson ke shafar watsa COVID-19?

Prabhjot Singh, MD, Ph.D., babban mashawarcin likita da kimiyya na CV19 CheckUp, kayan aikin kan layi wanda ke taimakawa kimanta haɗarin ku na COVID-19 ya ce "Ya yi da wuri don faɗi." Wannan ke duka na alluran COVID-19 da muka gani zuwa yanzu BTW, ba kawai Johnson & Johnson ba, in ji Dokta Singh. "Bincike na farko ya nuna cewa hadarin watsa ya kamata ya ragu bayan an yi masa allurar rigakafi, amma amsa tabbatacciyar amsa tana buƙatar nazari na musamman," in ji shi.

Tun da har yanzu ba a san tasirin allurar rigakafin cutar ta COVID ba, yana da mahimmanci a ci gaba da sanya abin rufe fuska da kiyaye nesa da mutanen da ke wajen gidan ku, in ji Dokta Olulade. (Dakata, ya kamata ku yi mask sau biyu don kariya daga COVID-19?)

A ƙasa: Duka daga cikin waɗannan alluran da alama suna ba da muhimmiyar kariya daga COVID-19, wanda yake da kyau. Duk da haka, “allurar rigakafi ba lasisi ba ne don rage tsaro,” in ji Dokta Olulade. "Dole ne mu yi tunanin son kai ba tare da son kai ba game da lafiya da jin daɗin wasu waɗanda har yanzu ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba kuma wataƙila ba su sami kariya daga COVID ba."

Bayanai a cikin wannan labarin daidai ne har zuwa lokacin da ake bugawa. Kamar yadda sabuntawa game da coronavirus COVID-19 ke ci gaba da haɓakawa, yana yiwuwa wasu bayanai da shawarwari a cikin wannan labarin sun canza tun farkon bugawa. Muna ƙarfafa ku da ku bincika akai-akai tare da albarkatu kamar CDC, WHO, da sashin kula da lafiyar jama'a na gida don ƙarin sabbin bayanai da shawarwari.

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