Menene mosaicism da babban sakamakonsa

Wadatacce

• Babban fasali
• Sakamakon mosaicism

Mosaicism shine sunan da aka sanya wa wani nau'in lalacewar kwayar halitta yayin ci gaban amfrayo a cikin mahaifar mahaifar, a inda mutum zai fara samun wasu kwayoyin halittu guda 2, daya wanda ake haduwa da shi a mahaɗar kwan da maniyyin mahaifa , wani kuma ya taso ne sakamakon maye gurbi da kwayar halitta tayi yayin ci gaban tayi.

Don haka, mutum zai haɓaka cakuda ƙwayoyin halitta, tare da kashi ɗari na ƙwayoyin halitta na yau da kullun da kuma wani kashi na ƙwayoyin tare da maye gurbi, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wannan adadi mai zuwa:

Babban fasali

Mosaicism na faruwa ne lokacin da maye gurbi ya faru a cikin kwayar halittar amfrayo, yawanci asara ko kwafi na chromosome, wanda ke haifar da mutum ya bunkasa kwayar halittarsa ​​da kwayaye 2, da nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta 2. Wannan maye gurbi na iya zama nau'ikan 2:

• Germinative ko Gonadal: yana shafar maniyyi ko ƙwai, tare da canje-canje waɗanda za a iya ba wa yara. Wasu misalan cututtukan da canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa sune cututtukan Turner, ƙarancin osteogenesis da Duchenne muscular dystrophy;
• Somatics: wanda sel daga kowane bangare na jikin yake dauke da wannan maye gurbi, ko mutum na iya samun sauyin yanayin da yake haifarwa ko a'a. Don haka, bayyanuwar maye gurbi ya dogara da wane da kuma adadin ƙwayoyin jiki da ke cikin tasirin. Ana iya yada mosaicism na Somatic daga iyaye zuwa yara, kuma wasu misalan cututtukan da aka haifar sune cututtukan Down's da neurofibromatosis.

Mixed mosaicism, a gefe guda, yana faruwa ne lokacin da mutum ke da nau'ikan nau'ikan mosaicism, na tsire-tsire da ɓacin rai.

Mosaicism ya banbanta da chimerism ta yadda, a wannan halin, kwafin halittar halittar amfrayo za a rubanya ta hadewar amfrayo 2, wadanda suka zama daya. Ara koyo game da wannan yanayin a cikin shayarwa.

Sakamakon mosaicism

Kodayake yawancin lamuran mosaicism ba sa haifar da alamun cuta ko wani sakamako ga lafiyar mutum, wannan halin na iya haifar da bayyanar rikitarwa da cututtuka da yawa ga mai ɗaukar, kuma wasu misalai sune:

• Kaddara ga cutar kansa;
• Canje-canje a cikin girma;
• Tsammani ga zubar da ciki ba tare da bata lokaci ba;
• Canje-canje a cikin yanayin alamar launi na fata;
• Oterochromia na Ocular, wanda mutum zai iya samun ido ɗaya na kowane launi;
• Ciwon Down;
• Ciwon Turner;
• Osteogenesis imperfecta;
• Duchenne dystrophy na muscular;
• Magungunan McCune-Albright;
• Pallister-Killian ciwo;
• Ciwon Proteus.

Kari akan haka, an lura cewa mosaicism yana kara karfin kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, misali Alzheimer ko Parkinson's, misali.