Yin aikin tiyata na Bariatric: menene shi, wanda zai iya yin shi da manyan nau'ikan

Wadatacce

• Wanene zai iya yin aikin tiyata?
• Babban fa'idodi
• Iri tiyatar bariatric
• 1. Gastric band
• 2. Kewaya na ciki
• 3. Gastrectomy na tsaye
• 4. Biliopancreatic shunt
• Yiwuwar haɗarin tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata na Bariatric wani nau'in tiyata ne wanda ake canza tsarin narkewar abinci don rage adadin abincin da ciki ke jurewa ko gyara tsarin narkewar yanayi, don rage yawan adadin kuzari da ake sha, yana sauƙaƙa asarar nauyi .

Saboda nau'ikan tiyata ne wanda, a mafi yawan lokuta, yake da lahani sosai, aikin tiyatar bariatric yawanci ana nuna shi ne kawai a matsayin nau'ikan magani yayin da mutum ya riga ya gwada wasu nau'o'in magani amma ba tare da sakamakon da ake tsammani ba, ko kuma lokacin da kiba ta saka rayuwa a haɗari

Don haka, kafin yin tiyatar wannan nau'in, kowa dole ne a yi masa tsauraran bincike na likita tare da ƙungiya da yawa game da likitan likita, masanin abinci mai gina jiki, masanin halayyar ɗan adam, likitan zuciya da sauran fannoni na likita.

Wanene zai iya yin aikin tiyata?

Yin aikin tiyata na yau da kullun ana nuna shi ga mutanen da ke da kiba sama da aji na II waɗanda ba su nuna sakamako ba bayan watanni da yawa na jiyya tare da wadataccen abinci da motsa jiki na yau da kullun.

Wannan tiyatar yawanci ana nuna ta ne kawai ga mutanen da ke tsakanin shekaru 16 zuwa 65, kuma Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Brazil ne kawai ke nuna ta cikin:

• BMI daidai yake ko mafi girma fiye da 50 kg / m²;
• BMI daidai yake ko mafi girma fiye da 40 kg / m², ba tare da asarar nauyi ba ko da tare da tabbatar da likita da kula da abinci mai gina jiki na aƙalla shekaru 2;
• BMI daidai yake ko mafi girma fiye da 35 kg / m² da kuma kasancewar wasu cututtukan da ke da haɗarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kamar su hawan jini, ciwon da ba a kula da shi da kuma babban cholesterol.

A lokaci guda, Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta kuma nuna wasu shari'o'in da ake hana tiyatar bariatric wadanda suka hada da: samun rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa, wanda ya hada da amfani da magunguna da abubuwan sha; samun ciwon zuciya mai tsanani ko na huhu; samun hauhawar jini ta hanyar ƙofa tare da ɓarna; da ciwon cututtukan kumburi na ɓangaren narkewa na sama ko wahala daga Kushing don ciwon daji.

Kalli bidiyon mai zuwa ka duba yanayin da za'a iya yin aikin tiyatar:

Babban fa'idodi

Baya ga asarar nauyi mai yawa, aikin tiyatar bariatric yana kawo fa'idodi masu alaƙa da cututtukan da ke tattare da kiba, tare da haɓakawa da warkar da cututtuka kamar:

• Rashin jini na jini;
• Rashin wadatar Zuciya;
• Rashin numfashi;
• Asthma;
• Ciwon suga;
• Babban cholesterol.

Wannan nau'in tiyatar ana kuma danganta shi da sauran fa'idodi na zamantakewa da na tunani, kamar rage haɗarin baƙin ciki da haɓaka girman kai, hulɗar zamantakewar jama'a da motsa jiki.

Iri tiyatar bariatric

Ya kamata a zaɓi nau'in tiyata tare da likita, gwargwadon yanayin asibiti da abubuwan da ake so. Ana iya yin wadannan aikin tiyatar tare da yankewar al'ada a cikin ciki ko ta hanyar bidiyolaparoscopy, inda kawai ake yin ƙananan yankan yayin aikin:

1. Gastric band

Wannan shi ne mafi hadari nau'in tiyatar bariatric kuma ya kunshi sanya bandeji, a cikin siffar zobe, a kusa da ciki, don ya rage girmansa, yana ba da gudummawa ga rage cin abinci da adadin kuzari.

Yawancin lokaci, irin wannan aikin yana ba da ƙananan haɗarin lafiya kuma yana da lokacin dawowa da sauri, amma sakamakonsa na iya zama mai ƙarancin gamsarwa fiye da sauran fasahohi. Learnara koyo game sanya jakar ciki.

2. Kewaya na ciki

Bypass wani tiyata ne mai cutarwa wanda likita ya cire babban ɓangaren ciki sannan ya haɗa farkon hanji zuwa sauran ɓangaren ciki, rage sararin samun abinci da rage adadin kalori da ake sha.

Irin wannan aikin yana da sakamako mai kyau, yana ba ka damar rasa har zuwa 70% na nauyin farko, duk da haka kuma yana da ƙarin haɗari da saurin dawowa. Fahimci mafi kyau yadda ake yin kayan ciki.

3. Gastrectomy na tsaye

Ba kamar da kewayewa na ciki, a cikin wannan nau'in tiyatar, wanda kuma ana iya saninsa da "tiyata na hannun riga", likitan yana kula da yanayin mahaɗan ciki da hanji, cire wani ɓangaren ciki kawai don ya zama ƙasa da yadda yake, rage yawan adadin kuzari da ake sha.

Wannan tiyatar tana da ƙananan haɗari fiye da kewayewa, amma kuma yana da ƙarancin sakamako mai gamsarwa, yana ba da damar rasa kusan 40% na nauyin farko, yana kama da rukunin ciki. Duba yadda ake yin wannan aikin tiyatar.

4. Biliopancreatic shunt

A cikin wannan aikin tiyatar, an cire wani ɓangare na ciki da mafi yawan ƙananan hanji, waɗanda sune babban yankin da shaye-shaye ke faruwa. Ta wannan hanyar, babban ɓangaren abinci ba ya narkewa ko shanyewa, yana rage adadin adadin kuzari a cikin abincin.

Koyaya, kuma dukda cewa an cire babban ɓangaren ƙaramar hanji, bile yana ci gaba da sakewa a farkon ɓangaren ƙananan hanjin wanda daga nan aka haɗa shi zuwa mafi ɓangaren ƙarshe na ƙaramar hanji, don haka babu katsewa a cikin kwararar na bile, har ma cewa abincin baya wucewa a wannan farkon ɓangaren ƙananan hanjin.

Yiwuwar haɗarin tiyata

Haɗarin tiyatar bariatric yana da alaƙa da lamba da tsananin cututtukan da ke tattare da kiba, manyan matsalolin sune:

• Pulmonary embolism, wanda shine toshewar jijiyar jini a cikin huhu, yana haifar da tsananin ciwo da wahalar numfashi;
• Zuban jini na ciki a wurin aikin;
• Fistulas, waɗanda ƙananan aljihunan aljihu ne waɗanda ke samarwa a wuraren ciki na yankin da aka sarrafa;
• Amai, gudawa da kuma marabar jini.

Wadannan rikice-rikicen galibi suna faruwa yayin zaman asibiti, kuma ƙungiyar likita ta warware su da sauri. Koyaya, gwargwadon tsananin alamun cutar, yana iya zama dole ayi wani sabon aiki don gyara matsalar.

Bugu da ƙari, abu ne gama gari cewa bayan tiyatar bariatric, marasa lafiya suna da rikitarwa na abinci mai gina jiki kamar su anemia, folic acid, calcium da raunin bitamin B12, kuma rashin abinci mai gina jiki na iya faruwa a cikin mawuyacin yanayi.

Don samun saurin dawowa da ƙananan rikice-rikice, duba abin da abinci ya kamata ya kasance bayan tiyatar bariatric.