Menene maganin oxygen, manyan nau'ikan kuma menene don shi

Wadatacce

• Babban nau'in maganin oxygen
• 1. flowananan tsarin gudana
• 2. Tsarin kwarara mai yawa
• 3. Rashin samun iska
• Menene don
• Kula yayin amfani a gida

Maganin Oxygen ya ƙunshi ba da ƙarin oxygen fiye da yadda ake samu a cikin mahalli na yau da kullun da nufin tabbatar da oxygenation na ƙwayoyin jiki. Wasu yanayi na iya haifar da raguwar wadataccen iskar oxygen zuwa huhu da kyallen takarda, kamar yadda yake faruwa a cikin cututtukan huhu mai tsauri, da aka sani da COPD, ciwon asma, cutar bacci da ciwon huhu don haka, a cikin waɗannan halayen, maganin oxygen na iya zama dole.

Wannan maganin yana nunawa ne daga wani babban likita ko kuma likitan fida bayan tabbatar da karancin iskar oxygen a cikin jini, ta hanyar yin iskar gas ta jijiyoyin jini, wanda yake gwajin jini ne da aka tara daga jijiyar wuyan hannu, da kuma bugun jini, wanda ake yin sa ta hanyar lura da oxygen cikawa kuma dole ne ya kasance sama da 90%. Nemi ƙarin game da yadda ake yin bugun jini.

Nau'in maganin iskar oxygen ya dogara da girman wahalar numfashin mutum da alamun hypoxia, kuma ana iya bada shawarar yin amfani da bututun hanci, abin rufe fuska ko Venturi. A wasu lokuta, ana iya nuna CPAP don sauƙaƙe shigarwar oxygen cikin hanyoyin iska.

Babban nau'in maganin oxygen

Akwai nau'ikan maganin oxygen da yawa wadanda aka rarraba bisa ga yawan iskar oksijin da ake fitarwa, kuma likita zai bayar da shawarar irin ne gwargwadon bukatun mutum, haka nan kuma da irin wahalar numfashi da kuma idan mutum ya nuna alamun hypoxia, kamar tsarkake baki da yatsu, gumi mai sanyi da rikicewar hankali. Don haka, manyan nau'ikan maganin oxygen na iya zama:

1. flowananan tsarin gudana

Irin wannan maganin na oxygen ana ba da shawarar ne ga mutanen da ba sa buƙatar yawan oxygen kuma ta hanyar waɗannan tsarin akwai yiwuwar samar da iskar oxygen ga hanyoyin iska a kwararar ruwa har zuwa lita 8 a minti ɗaya ko kuma tare da FiO2, wanda ake kira ɓangaren hurarrun oxygen, daga 60%. Wannan yana nufin cewa daga cikin jimlar iska da mutum zai shaka, kashi 60% zasu zama oxygen.

Mafi yawan na'urorin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wannan nau'in sune:

• Hancin katifa: bututu ne na roba wanda yake da iska ta iska guda biyu wadanda dole ne a sanya su a hancin mu kuma, a matsakaita, suna bayar da iskar oxygen a lita 2 a minti ɗaya;
• Hancin canal ko gilashin ido: an gina shi azaman karamin bututun bakin bakin ciki mai ramuka biyu a karshensa kuma an shigar dashi cikin ramin hancin a nesa nesa da tsayi tsakanin hanci da kunne kuma yana iya sadar da iskar oxygen har zuwa lita 8 a minti daya;
• Gilashin fuska: ya kunshi abin rufe roba wanda dole ne a sanya shi a kan baki da hanci kuma yana aiki don samar da iskar oxygen a kwararar da ta fi ta catheters da hanci cannulas, ban da yin hidima ga mutanen da ke yawan numfashi ta baki, misali;
• Mask tare da tafki: abin rufe fuska ne tare da jakar da za a iya hurawa a haɗe kuma tana iya adana har zuwa lita 1 na oxygen. Akwai nau'ikan masks tare da tafki, waɗanda ake kira masks waɗanda ba za su sake halitta ba, waɗanda suke da bawul ɗin da ke hana mutum yin numfashi a cikin carbon dioxide;
• Maye Tracheostomy: yayi daidai da nau'in mashin oxygen musamman ga mutanen da suke da tracheostomy, wanda shine cannula da aka saka a cikin trachea don numfashi.

Bugu da kari, domin huhu ya sha iska yadda ya kamata, yana da muhimmanci mutum ba shi da wata toshewa ko toshewar hanci a cikin hanci, sannan kuma, don kauce wa bushewar hanyar iska, ya zama dole a yi amfani da danshi iskar oxygen tana sama da lita 4 a minti ɗaya.

2. Tsarin kwarara mai yawa

Tsarin manyan kwarara suna iya samar da babban iskar oxygen, sama da abin da mutum zai iya shaka kuma ana nuna shi a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, a cikin yanayin hypoxia wanda ke faruwa sakamakon gazawar numfashi, emphysema na huhu, ciwon huhu mai saurin huhu ko ciwon huhu. Duba ƙarin menene hypoxia kuma mai yuwuwa biyo baya idan ba'a barshi ba.

Manya Venturi ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita ta wannan nau'in maganin oxygen, saboda yana da adafta daban-daban waɗanda ke ba da damar bayar da matakan oxygen daidai da daban, bisa ga launi. Misali, adaftan ruwan hoda yana bada oxygen 40% a cikin adadin lita 15 a minti daya. Wannan abin rufe fuska yana da ramuka wadanda ke ba iska mai iska damar tserewa, wanda ke dauke da sinadarin carbon dioxide, kuma yana bukatar danshi domin kada hanyoyin iska su bushe.

3. Rashin samun iska

Rashin iska mai banƙyama, wanda aka fi sani da NIV, ya ƙunshi tallafi na iska wanda ke amfani da matsi mai kyau don sauƙaƙe shigar da iskar oxygen cikin hanyoyin iska. Wannan dabarar tana nunawa ne daga likitan huhu kuma ana iya yin ta ta hanyar nas ko likitan kwantar da hankali a cikin manya masu fama da matsalar numfashi kuma wadanda suke da karfin numfashi sama da numfashi 25 a minti daya ko kuma iskar oxygen a kasa 90%.

Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan ba, ba a amfani da wannan fasaha don samar da ƙarin oxygen, amma yana aiki ne don sauƙaƙa numfashi ta hanyar buɗe alveoli na huhu, inganta musayar gas da rage ƙoƙarin numfashi kuma ana ba da shawarar ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar bacci da waɗanda ke da cututtukan zuciya.

Bugu da kari, akwai nau'ikan NIV da yawa wadanda za a iya amfani da su a gida kuma sun bambanta gwargwadon girman fuska da daidaitawar kowane mutum, tare da CPAP sune nau'ikan da aka fi sani. Duba ƙarin game da menene CPAP da yadda ake amfani dashi.

Menene don

Likita ne ke ba da shawarar maganin oxygen don kara wadatar oxygen a cikin huhu da kyallen takarda na jiki, rage illolin hypoxia, kuma ya kamata a yi yayin da mutum ya sami isashshiyar oxygen a kasa 90%, matsin lamba na iskar oxygen, ko PaO2 , ƙasa da 60 mmHg, ko lokacin da yanayi kamar:

• Mutuwar rashin ƙarfi na numfashi;
• Ciwo na huhu na huɗu;
• Piponmon emphysema;
• Ciwan asma;
• Guban carbon monoxide;
• Barcin barcin mai cutarwa;
• Guban Cyanide;
• Sake dawo da maganin sa barci;
• Kamawar zuciya.

Ana kuma nuna wannan nau'in maganin a yanayin rashin saurin ciwon zuciya da rashin kwanciyar hankali na angina, tunda wadatar oxygen na iya rage alamun hypoxia, sanadiyyar katsewar jini, da kara matakan oxygen a cikin jini kuma, sakamakon haka, a cikin alveoli na huhu.

Kula yayin amfani a gida

A wasu lokuta, mutanen da ke da cutar na numfashi na yau da kullun, kamar COPD, suna buƙatar amfani da taimakon oxygen na awoyi 24 a rana kuma saboda wannan dalili, ana iya amfani da maganin oxygen a gida. Wannan maganin ana yin sa ne a gida ta hanyar bututun hanci, ana sanya shi a cikin hancin, kuma ana bayar da iskar oxygen daga silinda, wanda shine akwatin karfe inda ake ajiyar iskar oxygen kuma adadin da likita ya bayar ne kawai ya kamata a yi.

Ana samar da silinda na oxygen ta takamaiman shirye-shiryen SUS ko ana iya yin hayar daga kamfanonin samfuran asibiti-kuma ana iya safarar su ta hanyar tallafi tare da ƙafafun kuma ana iya ɗauka zuwa wurare daban-daban. Koyaya, yayin amfani da silinda masu iskar oxygen, wasu kiyayewa sun zama dole, kamar rashin shan sigari yayin amfani da iskar oxygen, kiyaye silinda daga kowane harshen wuta da kariya daga rana.

Hakanan, mutumin da ke amfani da iskar oxygen a gida yana buƙatar samun damar yin amfani da na’urorin bugun jini don duba yadda jijiyoyin ke gudana kuma a game da mutumin da yake nuna alamu kamar leɓun purple da yatsu, jiri da suma, nan da nan ya kamata ku je asibiti, saboda wataƙila kuna da ƙarancin oxygen a cikin jininku.