Progeria: menene shi, halaye da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban fasali
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Progeria, wanda aka fi sani da Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome, cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa ta kwayar halitta wacce ke tattare da saurin tsufa, kusan sau bakwai bisa ƙimar al'ada, saboda haka, yaro ɗan shekara 10, alal misali, ya bayyana yana da shekara 70.

Yaron da ke fama da ciwo an haife shi a bayyane, yana ɗan ƙarami kaɗan don shekarun haihuwarsa, duk da haka yayin da yake haɓaka, yawanci bayan shekarar farko ta rayuwa, wasu alamu suna bayyana waɗanda ke alamta tsufa da wuri, wato, progeria, kamar gashi asara, asarar mai mai juji da canjin zuciya. Saboda cuta ce da ke haifar da saurin tsufa na jiki, yara masu cutar progeria suna da tsayin daka na tsawon shekaru 14 ga girlsan mata da kuma shekaru 16 ga yara maza.

Ciwon Hutchinson-Gilford ba shi da magani, amma yayin da alamun tsufa suka bayyana, likitan yara na iya ba da shawarar jiyya da ke taimakawa inganta rayuwar yaron.

Babban fasali

Da farko dai, progeria bashi da takamaiman alamu ko alamomi, duk da haka, daga shekarar farko ta rayuwa, wasu canje-canje da ke nuna alamun cutar ana iya lura dasu kuma yakamata likitocin yara suyi bincike ta hanyar gwaji. Don haka, manyan halayen tsufa da wuri:

• Ci gaban jinkiri;
• Fushin fuska tare da ƙananan ƙugu;
• Jijiyoyi sun bayyana a fatar kai kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga hancin hanci;
• Kai ya fi fuska girma;
• Rashin gashi, gami da gashin ido da gira, kasancewar an fi kowa kiyaye yawan asarar gashi a shekaru 3;
• Tabbatar da jinkiri a cikin faduwa da ci gaban sabbin hakora;
• Idanuwa suna fitowa da wahala don rufe kwayar idanun;
• Rashin balaga;
• Canje-canje na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kamar su hauhawar jini da kuma gazawar zuciya;
• Ci gaban ciwon sukari;
• Bonesarin kasusuwa masu rauni;
• Kumburi a cikin gidajen abinci;
• Babban murya;
• Rage karfin ji.

Duk da irin wadannan halaye, yaron da yake da cutar mahaifa yana da tsarin garkuwar jiki na yau da kullun kuma babu sa hannu a kwakwalwa, don haka ana kiyaye ci gaban ilimin yaron. Bugu da kari, kodayake babu ci gaban balaga saboda canjin yanayi, sauran kwayoyin halittar da ke aiki cikin metabolism suna aiki daidai.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Babu takamaiman hanyar magani don wannan cuta kuma, sabili da haka, likita ya ba da shawarar wasu jiyya bisa ga halaye da suka taso. Daga cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan maganin sune:

• Aspirin na yau da kullun: yana ba da damar kiyaye siraran jini, guje wa samuwar daskarewa wanda zai iya haifar da bugun zuciya ko shanyewar jiki;
• Zaman lafiyar jiki: suna taimakawa don magance kumburi na haɗin gwiwa da ƙarfafa tsokoki, guje wa sauƙin rauni;
• Surgeries: ana amfani dasu don magance ko hana manyan matsaloli, musamman a cikin zuciya.

Bugu da kari, likita na iya yin wasu magunguna, kamar su statins don rage cholesterol, ko kuma hormones masu girma, idan yaron ba shi da nauyi sosai, misali.

Yaron da ke fama da cutar dole ne likitocin kiwon lafiya da yawa su bi shi, saboda wannan cutar ta ƙare har ta shafi tsarin da yawa. Don haka, lokacin da yaro ya fara samun ciwon gabobi da na tsoka, ya kamata likitan ƙashi ya ganshi don ya ba da shawarar maganin da ya dace kuma ya ba da shawara kan yadda za a kiyaye haɗin gwiwa, don guje wa munanan cututtukan zuciya da na osteoarthritis. Dole ne likitan zuciyar ya kasance tare da yaron daga lokacin da aka gano shi, tunda yawancin masu ɗauke da cutar suna mutuwa saboda rikitarwa na zuciya.

Dole ne duk yara da ke fama da cututtukan ƙwayoyi su sami abincin da mai ilimin abinci mai gina jiki ya jagoranta, don kauce wa cutar sanyin kashi kamar yadda ya kamata kuma inganta ƙarancin abincinsu. Ana kuma ba da shawarar yin duk wani motsa jiki ko motsa jiki a kalla sau biyu a mako, domin yana inganta yanayin jini, yana karfafa jijiyoyi, yana dauke hankali da kuma yadda rayuwar dangi ke tafiya.

Samun shawara daga masanin halayyar dan adam na iya zama da amfani ga yaro ya fahimci rashin lafiyarsa da kuma yanayin damuwa, ƙari ga kasancewa mai mahimmanci ga iyali.