Leishmaniasis: menene menene, alamomi, dalilai da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• 1. Cutaccen cututtukan leishmaniasis
• 2. Visishral leishmaniasis
• Abin da za a yi idan akwai tuhuma
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Watsawa da yadda zaka kiyaye kanka

Leishmaniasis cuta ce ta parasitic wacce ta zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin ƙasashe masu zafi, kamar su Brazil, wanda ya fi shafar karnuka, amma ana iya watsa shi ga mutane ta hanyar cizon ƙananan kwari, wanda aka fi sani da sandflies. Don haka, ya isa kwaron ya ciji kare mara lafiya kafin ya ciji mutum, don yada cutar.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na leishmaniasis, duk da haka, abubuwan da suka fi kowa sune:

• Cutaccen cututtukan leishmaniasis: shine nau'ikan da akafi sani kuma yana shafar fata, yana haifar da bayyanar karamin dunƙule ko ciwo a wurin cizon.
• Visishral leishmaniasis: yana shafar gabobin ciki kuma yana haifar da ƙarin alamomin tsarin, kamar zazzaɓi, ruwa mai raɗaɗi, ragin nauyi da tabon fata;

Wasu nau'ikan leishmaniasis basa buƙatar takamaiman magani kuma suna ɓacewa bayan fewan watanni, amma, koyaushe ana ba da shawarar a tuntuɓi likita, saboda magani tare da magungunan antiparasitic yana taimaka saurin saurin dawowa, ban da guje wa wasu matsaloli, kamar zubar jini , cututtuka sun fi tsanani da tabo.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamomin cutar leishmaniasis sun bambanta gwargwadon fasalin cutar. Ga nau'ikan siffofi guda biyu, alamun sune:

1. Cutaccen cututtukan leishmaniasis

A lokuta da yawa, cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta cuta ce ta shiru, wanda ke nufin cewa bazai haifar da wata alama ba, ɓacewa ba tare da mutumin ya taɓa sanin wanzuwar sa ba.

Koyaya, lokacin da yake haifar da alamomin, babban alamar ita ce bayyanar karamin dunƙulen a wurin cizon wanda, bayan fewan makonni ko watanni, ya juye izuwa babban rauni, zagaye. Tare da waɗannan canje-canjen na iya zama akwai ciwo a yankin da abin ya shafa da kumburin harsuna a kusa da wurin. Learnara koyo game da cututtukan cututtukan fata.

2. Visishral leishmaniasis

Kusan dukkanin shari'o'in leishmaniasis na visceral suna farawa da zazzabi sama da 38ºC wanda ke ɗaukar makonni da yawa. A wannan lokacin, zazzabin yana sauka har sai ya ɓace, amma yana dawowa ba da jimawa ba. Sauran cututtukan sun hada da:

• Kumburin ciki, kimanin makonni 2 bayan fara zazzabi;
• Harsuna masu zafi;
• Rage nauyi da rauni mai yawa;
• Haske mai duhu akan fata;
• Zai yiwu zawo

Lokacin da wannan nau'in cutar ya ci gaba, ana iya samun karancin jini mai yawa, wanda kan haifar da matsalolin zuciya, da kuma zubar jini ta hanci, idanu da kuma kujerun mara. Idan ba a fara magani ba, ci gaban cututtukan da suka fi tsanani kamar su ciwon huhu, kyanda ko tarin fuka, waɗanda ke da haɗari ga rayuwa, yana yawaita. Duba yadda ake yin maganin leishmaniasis na visceral don guje wa rikitarwa.

Abin da za a yi idan akwai tuhuma

Lokacin da ake zargin kamuwa da cutar leishmaniasis yana da matukar muhimmanci a hanzarta zuwa asibiti a yi gwajin jini a tabbatar ko cutar tana cikin jiki.

Gabaɗaya, ana iya bincikar cututtukan leishmaniasis koda ba tare da gwaji ba, saboda bayyanar raunuka bayan cizon ya isa ya tabbatar da cutar. A gefe guda kuma, a cikin yanayin leishmaniasis na visceral, alamun cutar na iya zama kamar na sauran cututtukan cututtuka kuma, sabili da haka, takamaiman gwaje-gwajen jini kuma, a wasu yanayi, biopsy na saifa ko kashin baya na iya zama dole don samun tabbaci na ganewar asali da kuma fara maganin da ya dace.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin leishmaniasis na iya bambanta dangane da sifar da aka gabatar. A cikin yanayin cutar leishmaniasis, takamaiman magani na iya zama ba dole ba, saboda canjin fata yakan ɓace da kansu. Koyaya, amfani da maganin antiparasitic, kamar Amphotericin B, wanda likita ya nuna na iya hanzarta murmurewa.

Game da leishmaniasis na visceral, magani kusan ya zama dole kuma ana yin sa ne tare da amfani da Amphotericin B ko magungunan antimonial na pentavalent, waɗanda suka fi ƙarfin kamuwa da cuta, amma kuma suna haifar da ƙarin sakamako masu illa.

Watsawa da yadda zaka kiyaye kanka

Yada kwayar cutar leishmaniasis ga mutane yana faruwa ne kawai ta hanyar cizon ƙwaron da ya kamu. Don haka, hanya guda daya tak da zaka kare kanka daga cutar ita ce ka guji cizon sauro ta hanyar daukar wasu matakan kariya kamar su:

• Yi amfani da gidan sauro ko labule masu tsafta akan tagogi da kofofin cikin gida;
• Sanya kayan kwalliya akan fatar ko amfani dashi akai-akai maganin feshi maganin kwari:
• Sanya kwalayen kashe kwari a jikin dabbobin gida ka yiwa wadannan dabbobi allurar;
• Guji wanka a cikin koguna ko tabkuna kusa da gandun daji.

Bugu da kari, kamar yadda kwaron da ke sawwaka yaduwar ya sake yaduwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta, yana da matukar mahimmanci a guji tara kayan kwalliyar da ke cikin gida da wuraren da ke kusa da mazaunin.

Wadannan matakan kariya, baya ga kariya daga leishmaniasis, suna kuma kariya daga wasu cututtukan da cizon kwari ke haifarwa kamar su Dengue, Zika ko Chikungunya Fever, misali. Duba wasu hanyoyi don kare kanku daga cizon kwari.