Ci gaba da Ciwon Ciwon Nono da Bincike: Menene akan Horizon?

Wadatacce

• Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali
• Magungunan ƙwayoyi a sararin sama
• Magungunan anti-angiogenesis
• Biosimilar magunguna
• Immunotherapy
• Masu hana PI3 kinase
• Ingantaccen tsinkaya da sa ido
• Samun shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti

Ana iya magance kansar nono na Metastatic, amma sau da yawa ba za a iya warkewa ba. A yanzu, maƙasudin magani sun haɗa da rage alamun ka, inganta rayuwar ka, da tsawanta rayuwar ka.

Jiyya yawanci ya ƙunshi ko dai maganin hormone, chemotherapy, maganin niyya, ko haɗuwa da waɗannan.

Anan akwai wasu magunguna na yanzu da na nan gaba waɗanda zaku iya tsammanin jin labarin idan kun sami ingantaccen cutar kansar nono.

Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali

Masu bincike sun kirkiro sababbin magungunan da yawa wadanda ke amfani da takamaiman canjin kwayoyin halitta. Waɗannan canje-canje suna haifar da ƙwayoyin kansar suyi saurin girma da yaɗuwa. Wannan ya bambanta da cutar sankara, wanda ke yin niyya ga dukkan ƙwayoyin da ke girma cikin sauri, gami da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da ƙwayoyin rai.

Yawancin waɗannan magungunan da aka yi niyya an yarda da su don magance cututtukan ƙwayar nono. Wasu ana nazarin su a gwajin asibiti, kuma da yawa suna cikin gwaji na musamman.

Wasu misalai na hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da aka yi niyya sun haɗa da:

• Lapatinib (Tykerb). Wannan magani ne mai hana maganin tyrosine kinase. Yana aiki ta hanyar toshe enzymes waɗanda ke haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin halitta. Ana samu a matsayin kwaya daya da kuke sha kullum don magance cutar kansar mama. Ana iya haɗuwa da shi tare da wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ko hanyoyin kwantar da hankula.
• Neratinib (Nerlynx). An yarda da wannan magani don magance HER2-tabbataccen sankarar mama. Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa yana iya zama mai tasiri wajen kula da mutanen da ke fama da cutar sankarar mama.
• Olaparib (Lynparza). An yarda da wannan maganin don cutar HER2-mummunan ƙwayar ƙwayar nono a cikin mutanen da ke da BRCA maye gurbi. Ana samunsa kamar kwaya ta yau da kullun.

Masu hana CDK4 / 6 wasu nau'ikan magungunan magani ne masu niyya. Wadannan kwayoyi suna toshe wasu sunadarai wadanda suke taimakawa kwayoyin cutar kansa suyi girma. Abemaciclib (Verzenio), palbociclib (Ibrance), da ribociclib (Kisqali) su ne masu hana CDK4 / 6 waɗanda Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna (FDA) ta amince da su don maganin kansar nono. Ana amfani dasu a hade tare da maganin hormone don magance HR-tabbatacce da HER2-mummunan ƙwayar ƙwayar nono.

Magungunan ƙwayoyi a sararin sama

Akwai magunguna da yawa da ake dasu don magance cutar kansar mama, amma har yanzu ana ci gaba da karatu don ƙarin koyo game da yadda waɗannan ƙwayoyin kansar da maye gurbi ke aiki. Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu magungunan da har yanzu ana bincike.

Magungunan anti-angiogenesis

Angiogenesis shine tsari inda ake kirkirar sabbin jijiyoyin jini. An tsara magungunan anti-angiogenesis don yanke wadataccen jini ga tasoshin. Wannan yana hana ƙwayoyin cutar kansa jini da ake buƙata don girma.

Magungunan anti-angiogenesis bevacizumab (Avastin) a halin yanzu an yarda da FDA don magance sauran cututtukan daji. Wannan magani ya nuna wasu tasiri ga mata masu fama da cutar sankarar mama, amma FDA ta janye amincewa don amfani a cikin 2011. Bevacizumab da sauran magungunan anti-angiogenesis suna ci gaba da bincike don maganin kansar nono mai haɗari.

Biosimilar magunguna

Magungunan biosimilar suna kama da magungunan suna, amma suna iya rage kuɗi. Su ne zaɓin magani mai yiwuwa.

Yawancin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta don ciwon nono ana nazarin su. Tsarin biosimilar na trastuzumab (Herceptin), magani na chemotherapy, shine kawai biosimilar da aka yarda dashi don maganin HER2-tabbataccen ƙwayar ƙwayar nono. An kira shi trastuzumab-dkst (Ogivri).

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy wata hanyar magani ce wacce ke taimakawa tsarin garkuwar jiki wajen lalata ƙwayoyin kansa.

Classaya daga cikin nau'ikan magungunan rigakafi shine masu hana PD1 / PD-L1. An amince da Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) don magance cutar daji ta huhu. Yana fuskantar jarabawar asibiti don gwada ingancin sa a cikin marasa lafiya mai sau uku mummunan ƙwayar ƙwayar nono.

Masu hana PI3 kinase

Da PIK3CA kwayar halitta ta taimaka wajen sarrafa PI3 kinase, enzyme wanda ke haifar da ciwace-ciwacen girma. An tsara masu hana PI3 kinase don katsewa da dakatar da haɓakar enzyme P13. Ana nazarin waɗannan don maganin cutar kansar mama.

Ingantaccen tsinkaya da sa ido

Abin takaici, mutane na iya haɓaka juriya ga wasu maganin cutar kansa. Wannan yana haifar da jiyya don dakatar da aiki yadda yakamata. Masu bincike suna haɓaka sababbin hanyoyi don kula da yadda marasa lafiya ke amsa magani.

Nazarin DNA mai yaduwa (wanda aka fi sani da biopsy na ruwa) ana nazarinsa azaman hanyar jagorar magani. Masu bincike suna ƙoƙari su tantance ko wannan gwajin na da fa'ida wajen lura da marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarar mama da kuma tsinkayar yadda za su amsa magani.

Samun shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti

Kasancewa cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya taimaka wa masu bincike gano idan sababbin jiyya za su yi aiki. Idan kuna sha'awar shiga ɗaya, kyakkyawar hanyar farawa ita ce ClinicalTrials.gov, tushen bincike na karatun da ake nema a yanzu a duniya. Hakanan bincika abubuwan da aka gabatar kamar Metastatic Cancer Project. Wannan dandalin na yanar gizo yana hada mutanen da suke da cutar kansar nono da masana kimiyya wadanda suke amfani da fasaha don nazarin musabbabin cutar kansa.

Yi magana da mai ba da lafiyar ku don ganin idan shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti ya dace muku.Za su iya taimaka maka sanin ko kun cancanta kuma su taimake ku yin rajista.