Alpha-1 karancin antitrypsin

Rashin Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) rashi yanayi ne wanda jiki baya samun isasshen AAT, sunadarin dake kare huhu da hanta daga lalacewa. Halin na iya haifar da COPD da cutar hanta (cirrhosis).

AAT wani nau'in furotin ne wanda ake kira mai hana yaduwar cutar. Ana yin AAT a cikin hanta kuma tana aiki don kare huhu da hanta.

Rashin AAT yana nufin babu isasshen wannan furotin a jiki. Hakan na faruwa ne ta sanadiyyar lalacewar kwayar halitta. Yanayin ya fi zama ruwan dare tsakanin Bature da Arewacin Amurka na asalin Turai.

Manya tare da rashi mai yawa na AAT zasu haɓaka emphysema, wani lokacin kafin shekaru 40 da haihuwa. Shan sigari na iya kara haɗarin emphysema kuma ya sa ya faru da wuri.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ofarancin numfashi tare da ba tare da aiki ba, da sauran alamun COPD
• Kwayar cututtukan hanta
• Rashin nauyi ba tare da gwadawa ba
• Hanzari

Gwajin jiki na iya bayyana kirji mai kama da ganga, numfashi, ko rage sautin numfashi. Gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa na iya taimaka tare da ganewar asali:

• Gwajin jini na AAT
• Gas na jini
• Kirjin x-ray
• CT scan na kirji
• Gwajin kwayoyin halitta
• Gwajin aikin huhu

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya zargin ku da ciwon wannan yanayin idan kun ci gaba:

• COPD kafin shekaru 45
• COPD amma baku taba shan taba ba ko kuma ku sami gamuwa da gubobi
• COPD kuma kuna da tarihin iyali na yanayin
• Cirrhosis kuma babu wani dalili da za'a iya samu
• Cirrhosis kuma kuna da tarihin iyali na cutar hanta

Jiyya don rashi AAT ya haɗa da maye gurbin furotin AAT da ya ɓace. Ana bada furotin ta jijiya kowace mako ko kowane sati 4. Wannan yana da ɗan tasiri kaɗan don hana ƙarin lalacewar huhu a cikin mutane ba tare da cutar ƙarshen matakin ba. Wannan hanya ana kiranta haɓaka ƙari.

Idan ka sha taba, kana bukatar ka daina.

Hakanan ana amfani da sauran jiyya don COPD da cirrhosis.

Ana iya amfani da dashe na huhu don cutar huhu mai tsanani, kuma ana iya amfani da dasa hanta don tsananin cirrhosis.

Wasu mutanen da ke da wannan rashi ba za su kamu da cutar hanta ko huhu ba. Idan ka daina shan sigari, zaka iya rage ci gaban cutar huhu.

COPD da cirrhosis na iya zama barazanar rai.

Rarraba na rashi AAT sun haɗa da:

• Bronchiectasis (lalacewar manyan hanyoyin iska)
• Ciwon cututtukan huhu na ƙarshe (COPD)
• Ciwan hanta ko cutar kansa

Tuntuɓi mai ba ku sabis idan kun ci gaba bayyanar cututtuka na rashi na AAT.

Rashin AAT; Alpha-1 rashi kariya; COPD - karancin antitrypsin na alpha-1; Cirrhosis - cututtukan antitrypsin na alpha-1

• Huhu
• Hanta jikin mutum

Han MK, Li'azaru SC. COPD: ganewar asibiti da gudanarwa. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 44.

Hatipoglu U, Stoller JK. a1-karancin sinadarin Clin Kirji Med. 2016; 37 (3): 487-504. PMID: 27514595 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27514595/.

Winnie GB, Boas SR. a1-rashi karancin ruwa da kuma emphysema. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 421.