Ajiyar zuciya

Rashin zuciya wani yanayi ne wanda zuciya ba ta da ikon harba jini mai wadatacciyar iskar oxygen zuwa sauran sassan jiki yadda ya kamata. Wannan yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka a cikin jiki.

Ciwon zuciya yawanci yanayi ne na dogon lokaci (na kullum), amma yana iya zuwa kwatsam. Hakan na iya haifar dashi ta matsalolin zuciya daban-daban.

Yanayin na iya shafar gefen dama ko kawai gefen hagu na zuciya. Hakanan ana iya haɗawa da ɓangarorin biyu na zuciya.

Rashin zuciya yana nan lokacin da:

• Tsoron zuciyar ku ba zai iya yin kwangila da kyau ba. Wannan ana kiransa rashin aiki na zuciya, ko gazawar zuciya tare da ragin kashi-kashi (HFrEF).
• Musclearjin zuciyar ku yana da tauri kuma baya cika jini da sauƙi koda yake ikon yin famfo al'ada ne. Wannan ana kiransa ciwan zuciya na diastolic, ko gazawar zuciya tare da adreshin ejection (HFpEF).

Yayinda bugun zuciya ya zama ba shi da tasiri, jini na iya yin baya a wasu sassan jiki. Ruwa zai iya tasowa a cikin huhu, hanta, sashin hanji, da hannaye da ƙafafu. Wannan ana kiransa ciwan zuciya.

Abubuwan da suka fi haifar da gazawar zuciya sune:

• Ciwon jijiyoyin zuciya (CAD), taƙaitawa ko toshewar ƙananan hanyoyin jini waɗanda ke ba da jini da iskar oxygen zuwa zuciya. Wannan na iya raunana tsokar zuciya tsawon lokaci ko kwatsam.
• Hawan jini wanda ba a sarrafa shi da kyau, yana haifar da matsaloli tare da taurin kai, ko kuma ƙarshe yana haifar da rauni ga tsoka.

Sauran matsalolin zuciya da zasu iya haifar da gazawar zuciya sune:

• Cutar cututtukan zuciya
• Ciwon zuciya (lokacin da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki ke haifar da toshewar jijiyoyin zuciya)
• Bawul na zuciya waɗanda ke da malalo ko ƙuntatattu
• Kamuwa da cuta wanda ke raunana tsokar zuciya
• Wasu nau'ikan rikice-rikicen zuciya (arrhythmias)

Sauran cututtukan da zasu iya haifar ko taimakawa ga gazawar zuciya:

• Amyloidosis
• Emphysema
• Ciwan thyroid
• Sarcoidosis
• Tsananin karancin jini
• Ironarfe ya yi yawa a jiki
• Underactive maganin thyroid

Kwayar cututtukan zuciya na farawa sau da yawa a hankali. Da farko, zasu iya faruwa ne kawai lokacin da kake aiki sosai. Bayan lokaci, zaka iya lura da matsalolin numfashi da sauran alamomi koda lokacin da kake hutawa. Hakanan cututtukan cututtuka na iya bayyana ba zato ba tsammani bayan zuciya ta lalace daga bugun zuciya ko wata matsala.

Alamun gama gari sune:

• Tari
• Gajiya, rauni, kasala
• Rashin ci
• Bukatar yin fitsari da dare
• Maganin bugun jini wanda ke jin sauri ko mara tsari, ko jin ƙarar bugun zuciya (bugun zuciya)
• Ofarancin numfashi lokacin da kake aiki ko bayan ka kwanta
• Kumbura (faɗaɗa) hanta ko ciki
• Feetafafun kumbura da idon sawu
• Farkawa daga bacci bayan wasu awanni saboda ƙarancin numfashi
• Karuwar nauyi

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai bincika ku don alamun gazawar zuciya:

• Sauri ko wahalar numfashi
• Kumburin kafa (edema)
• Jijiyoyin wuyan wuyan da suka fita (suna ɓata)
• Sauti (fashewa) daga haɓakar ruwa a cikin huhu, wanda aka ji ta cikin stethoscope
• Kumburin hanta ko ciki
• Rashin daidaito ko bugun zuciya da kuma sauti mara kyau

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje da yawa don tantancewa da kuma lura da gazawar zuciya.

Echocardiogram (echo) shine mafi kyawun gwajin farko ga mutane lokacin da ake kimanta gazawar zuciya. Mai ba ku sabis zai yi amfani da shi don jagorantar maganinku.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen hotunan zasu iya duba yadda zuciyarka zata iya harba jini, da kuma yadda tsokar zuciyar ta lalace.

Hakanan ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwajen jini da yawa don:

• Taimaka gano asali da lura da gazawar zuciya
• Gano haɗari ga nau'ikan cututtukan zuciya
• Bincika abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da gazawar zuciya, ko matsalolin da zasu iya sa rashin karfin zuciyar ka ya zama mafi muni
• Saka idanu kan illolin magungunan da zaku iya sha

Kulawa da kulawa da kai

Idan kana da raunin zuciya, mai ba ka sabis zai sa ido sosai. Kuna samun ziyartar biyan kuɗi aƙalla kowane watanni 3 zuwa 6, amma wani lokacin sau da yawa. Hakanan zaku sami gwaje-gwaje don bincika aikin zuciyar ku.

Sanin jikinka da alamomin da gazawar zuciyar ka ke kara tabarbarewa zasu taimaka maka zama cikin koshin lafiya da fita daga asibiti. A gida, kula da canje-canje a cikin bugun zuciyar ka, bugun jini, hawan jini, da nauyi.

Weara nauyi, musamman sama da yini ɗaya ko biyu, na iya zama alama ce cewa jikinka yana riƙe da ƙarin ruwa kuma bugun zuciyarka yana daɗa ta’azzara. Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis game da abin da ya kamata ka yi idan nauyin ka ya hau ko ka sami ƙarin alamun bayyanar.

Iyakance yawan gishirin da kuke ci. Mai ba ku sabis na iya tambayar ku ku taƙaita yawan ruwan da kuke sha a rana.

Sauran canje-canje masu mahimmanci da za ku yi a rayuwar ku:

• Tambayi mai ba ka sabis yawan giya da za ka iya sha.
• KADA KA shan taba.
• Kasance cikin himma. Tafiya ko hau keke mara tsaye. Mai ba ku sabis na iya samar muku da shirin motsa jiki mai lafiya da inganci a gare ku. KADA KA motsa jiki a ranakunda nauyin ka ya tashi daga ruwa ko kuma baka da lafiya.
• Rage nauyi idan ka yi kiba.
• Rage ƙwayar cholesterol ta canza salon rayuwar ku.
• Samun isasshen hutu, gami da bayan motsa jiki, cin abinci, ko wasu ayyukan. Wannan yana bawa zuciyarka hutu ma.

MAGUNGUNA, TIYATA, DA NA'URORI

Kuna buƙatar shan magunguna don magance cututtukan zuciya. Magunguna suna kula da alamomin, suna hana bugun zuciyarka yin muni, kuma suna taimaka maka tsawon rai. Yana da matukar mahimmanci ka dauki maganin ka kamar yadda kungiyar kula da lafiyar ka ta umarta.

Wadannan magunguna:

• Taimakawa jijiyar zuciya tayi kyau
• Ka kiyaye jininka daga daskarewa
• Rage matakan cholesterol
• Bude hanyoyin jini ko rage saurin bugun zuciyar ka don haka zuciyar ka ba lallai ta yi aiki tuƙuru ba
• Rage lalacewar zuciya
• Rage haɗarin haɗarin zuciya mara kyau
• Sauya potassium
• Rage jikinka daga yawan ruwa da gishiri (sodium)

Yana da matukar mahimmanci ku sha maganin ku kamar yadda aka umarce ku. KADA KA ɗauki wasu magunguna ko ganye ba tare da fara tambayar mai ba ka su ba. Magunguna waɗanda zasu iya sa zuciyar ku ta lalace mafi muni sun haɗa da:

• Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)

Za a iya ba da shawarar tiyata da na'urori masu zuwa ga wasu mutane da ke fama da ciwon zuciya:

• Yin aikin tiyata na jijiyoyin zuciya (CABG) ko angioplasty tare da ko ba tare da ɗorawa ba na iya taimakawa inganta haɓakar jini ga lalatacciyar ko rauni tsokar zuciya.
• Za a iya yin tiyata na bawul na zuciya idan canje-canje a bawul na zuciya na haifar da gazawar zuciyar ka.
• Mai auna bugun zuciya zai iya taimakawa bi da saurin bugun zuciya ko taimakawa bangarorin zuciyarka kwangila a lokaci guda.
• Wani defibrillator ya aika bugun lantarki don dakatar da barazanar zuciya mara kyau.

KARSHE-MATSAYIN KASHE ZUCIYA

Rashin ƙarfin zuciya yana faruwa yayin da jiyya ba su aiki. Ana iya amfani da wasu jiyya lokacin da mutum ke jiran (ko maimakon) dashen zuciya:

• Jirgin balan-balan na cikin-aortic (IABP)
• Hagu ko na'urar taimakawa mai kwakwalwa ta tsakiya (LVAD)
• Jimlar zuciya ta wucin gadi

A wani lokaci, mai ba da sabis ɗin zai yanke shawara ko ya fi kyau a ci gaba da magance raunin zuciya da zafin rai. Mutumin, tare da danginsu da likitocin, na iya son tattauna batun sassauci ko jin daɗi a wannan lokacin.

Sau da yawa, zaka iya sarrafa gazawar zuciya ta shan magani, canza salon rayuwarka, da magance yanayin da ya haifar dashi.

Ciwon zuciya zai iya zama ba zato ba tsammani saboda:

• Ischemia (rashin kwararar jini zuwa jijiyar zuciya)
• Cin abinci mai yawan gishiri
• Ciwon zuciya
• Cututtuka ko wasu cututtuka
• Rashin shan magunguna daidai
• Sabbin, waƙoƙin zuciya mara kyau

Mafi yawan lokuta, ciwon zuciya rashin lafiya ne mai tsanani. Wasu mutane suna yin mummunan rauni na zuciya. A wannan matakin, magunguna, sauran magunguna, da tiyata sun daina taimakawa yanayin.

Mutanen da ke da gazawar zuciya na iya zama cikin haɗari don saurin zuciya mai haɗari. Wadannan mutane galibi suna karɓar tsire-tsire.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun ci gaba:

• Cougharin tari ko fitsari
• Gainara nauyi ko kumburi kwatsam
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Sauran sababbi ko alamun da ba'a bayyana ba

Jeka dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (kamar 911) idan:

• Ka suma
• Kuna da bugun zuciya mai sauri da rashin tsari (musamman ma idan kuna da wasu alamun bayyanar)
• Kuna jin zafi mai tsananin murɗa kirji

Yawancin lokuta na rashin nasarar zuciya ana iya kiyaye ta ta hanyar rayuwa mai kyau da ɗaukar matakai da nufin rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya.

CHF; Ciwon zuciya; Zuciyar zuciya ta hagu; Dama-gefen zuciya rashin cin nasara - cor pulmonale; Cardiomyopathy - rashin cin nasara zuciya; HF

• ACE masu hanawa
• Magungunan Antiplatelet - Masu hanawa P2Y12
• Yin aiki lokacin da kake da cututtukan zuciya
• Yin aikin tiyata na zuciya - fitarwa
• Rashin zuciya - fitarwa
• Rashin zuciya - ruwaye da diuretics
• Rashin zuciya - kulawa gida
• Rashin zuciya: abin da za a tambayi likitanka
• Mai bugun zuciya - fitarwa
• Gyarawa mai jujjuyawar zuciya - fitarwa

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Zuciya - gaban gani
• Zagawar jini ta cikin zuciya
• Kumburin kafa

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