Psoriasis

Psoriasis yanayin fata ne wanda ke haifar da jan fata, sikelin azurfa, da jin haushi. Yawancin mutane masu cutar psoriasis suna da kauri, ja, ingantaccen faci na fata tare da sikeli, ma'aunin farin azurfa. Wannan shi ake kira plaque psoriasis.

Psoriasis ne na kowa. Kowa na iya haɓaka shi, amma galibi yakan fara ne tsakanin shekara 15 zuwa 35, ko kuma yayin da mutane suka tsufa.

Psoriasis ba yaɗuwa. Wannan yana nufin ba ya yadu zuwa wasu mutane.

Cutar Psoriasis kamar ana ratsa ta cikin dangi.

Kwayoyin fata na al'ada suna girma cikin fata kuma suna hawa kusan sau ɗaya a wata. Lokacin da kake da cutar psoriasis, wannan aikin yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 14 maimakon a makonni 3 zuwa 4. Wannan yana haifar da matattun ƙwayoyin fata waɗanda ke ginuwa akan farfajiyar, suna yin tarin sikeli.

Mai zuwa na iya haifar da farmaki na psoriasis ko sa shi wuya a magance shi:

• Cututtuka daga ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da cutar maƙogwaro da cututtukan numfashi na sama
• Bushewar iska ko busassun fata
• Rauni ga fata, gami da yanka, ƙonewa, cizon kwari, da sauran kumburin fata
• Wasu magunguna, gami da magungunan zazzaɓin cizon sauro, beta-blockers, da lithium
• Danniya
• Littlearancin hasken rana
• Yawan hasken rana (kunar rana a jiki)

Psoriasis na iya zama mafi muni a cikin mutanen da ke da rauni da garkuwar jiki, gami da mutanen da ke da HIV / AIDS.

Wasu mutanen da ke da cutar psoriasis kuma suna da cututtukan zuciya (psoriatic arthritis). Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke da ƙwayar cutar psoriasis suna da haɗarin haɗarin cututtukan hanta mai haɗari da cututtukan zuciya, kamar cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini.

Psoriasis na iya bayyana ba zato ba tsammani ko a hankali. Sau dayawa, yakan tafi sannan ya dawo.

Babban alama ta yanayin shine fushin, ja, alamun haske na fata. Galibi galibi ana ganin almara a gwiwar hannu, gwiwoyi, da tsakiyar jiki. Amma za su iya bayyana a ko'ina, har da kan fatar kai, tafin hannu, tafin ƙafa, da al'aura.

Fata na iya zama:

• Chyanƙara
• Ya bushe kuma an rufe shi da azurfa, fata mai walƙiya (sikeli)
• Pink-ja a launi
• Tayi da kauri

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Hadin gwiwa ko ciwon jijiya ko ciwo
• Canje-canjen ƙusa, haɗe da ƙusoshi masu kauri, ƙusoshi masu ruwan kasa-ruwan kasa, ƙusoshin ƙusa, da ɗaga ƙusa daga fatar ƙarƙashin
• Tsananin dandruff a fatar kan mutum

Akwai manyan nau'ikan psoriasis guda biyar:

• Erythrodermic - Fatawar fata tana da ƙarfi sosai kuma tana rufe babban yanki.
• Guttate - Smallananan, launuka masu launin ruwan hoda sun bayyana akan fata. Wannan nau'i yana da alaƙa da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, musamman ma ga yara.
• Juya baya - Fata da launin fata suna faruwa a cikin huɗaɗɗen hanji, makwancin gwaiwa, kuma a tsakanin tsinken fata maimakon wuraren da aka fi sani na gwiwar hannu da gwiwoyi.
• Alamar ruwa - Mai kauri, jan faci na fata an rufe shi da sikeli masu nauyi, azurfa-fari. Wannan shi ne mafi yawan nau'in psoriasis.
• Pustular - Raunuka masu cike da ruwan hoda (pustules) suna kewaye da ja, fata mai fusata.

Mai kula da lafiyar ku yawanci zai iya tantance wannan yanayin ta hanyar duban fatar ku.

Wani lokaci, ana yin biopsy na fata don yin sarauta da wasu yanayi masu yuwuwa. Idan kuna da ciwon haɗin gwiwa, mai ba da sabis ɗinku na iya yin odan karatun hoto.

Manufar magani ita ce a kula da alamomin ku kuma a hana kamuwa da cuta.

Akwai zaɓuɓɓukan magani guda uku:

• Man shafawa na fata, man shafawa, mayuka, da man wanke gashi - Ana kiran su jiyya na jiki.
• Kwayoyi ko allurai waɗanda ke shafar tasirin garkuwar jiki, ba fata kawai ba - Waɗannan ana kiran su da tsari, ko kuma faɗin jiki, jiyya.
• Phototherapy, wanda ke amfani da hasken ultraviolet don magance cutar psoriasis.

MAGUNGUNAN DA AKA YI AMFANI DASU AKAN FATA (TOPICAL)

Mafi yawan lokuta, ana magance cutar ta psoriasis tare da magunguna waɗanda aka sanya su kai tsaye akan fata ko fatar kan mutum. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Creams da man shafawa
• Sauran cream-anti-inflammatory da mayuka
• Man shafawa ko man shafawa wadanda ke dauke da kwaltar kwal ko anthralin
• Man shafawa don cire sikelin (yawanci salicylic acid ko lactic acid)
• Dandruff shampoos (kan-kan-kanti ko takardar sayan magani)
• Danshi mai danshi
• Magungunan likita da ke dauke da bitamin D ko bitamin A (retinoids)

GYARAN JIKI (JIKI-BAKI)

Idan kana da matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani psoriasis, mai ba ka sabis zai iya ba da shawarar magungunan da ke murƙushe amsar tsarin garkuwar jiki. Waɗannan magunguna sun haɗa da methotrexate ko cyclosporine. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Retinoids, kamar acetretin.

Sabbin magunguna, waɗanda ake kira ilimin ƙirar halitta, ana amfani dasu mafi yawa yayin da suke ƙaddamar da dalilan cutar psoriasis. Biologics da aka yarda don maganin psoriasis sun hada da:

• Adalimumab (Humira)
• Abatacept (Orencia)
• Apremilast (Otezla)
• Dadin Kowa (Siliq)
• Maganin peertolizumab (Cimzia)
• Hanyar shiga (Enbrel)
• Infliximab (Remicade)
• Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Talxe (Taltz)
• Golimumab (Simponi)
• Distance Ga-Rankuwa-Guselkumab (Tremfya)
• Risankizumab-rzaa (Skyrizi)
• Secukinumab (Cosentyx)
• Tildrakizumab-asmn (Ilumya)
• Ustekinumab (Stelara)

PHOTOTHERAPY

Wasu mutane na iya zaɓar samun maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, wanda ba shi da haɗari kuma yana da tasiri ƙwarai:

• Wannan magani ne wanda fatar jikinka ke fuskantar hasken ultraviolet a hankali.
• Ana iya ba shi shi kaɗai ko bayan kun sha magani wanda ke sa fatar ta zama mai saurin haske.
• Ana iya ba da phototherapy don psoriasis azaman ultraviolet A (UVA) ko hasken ultraviolet B (UVB).

SAURAN MAGUNGUNA

Idan kana da kamuwa da cuta, mai ba ka izini zai rubuta maganin rigakafi.

Kulawar gida

Bin waɗannan nasihun a gida na iya taimaka:

• Yin wanka ko shawa na yau da kullun - Yi ƙoƙari kada a goge da ƙarfi, saboda wannan na iya fusata fata kuma ya haifar da hari.
• Bathan wanka na Oatmeal na iya zama mai sanyaya rai kuma yana iya taimakawa sassauta mizani. Zaka iya amfani da samfuran wanka na oatmeal na kan-kan-kan-kanashi. Ko, zaku iya haɗa kofi 1 (gram 128) na oatmeal a cikin baho (wanka) na ruwan dumi.
• Kiyaye tsabtace fata da danshi, da nisantar takamaiman abin da ke haifar da cutar na iya taimakawa rage yawan tashin hankali.
• Hasken rana na iya taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan ku. Yi hankali kada rana ta baci.
• Hanyoyin shakatawa da anti-danniya - Haɗin haɗin tsakanin damuwa da walƙiya na psoriasis ba a fahimta da kyau.

Wasu mutane na iya amfana daga ƙungiyar tallafawa psoriasis. Gidauniyar Psoriasis ta kasa kyakkyawar hanya ce: www.psoriasis.org.

Psoriasis na iya zama yanayi na rayuwa wanda yawanci ana iya sarrafa shi tare da magani. Yana iya wucewa na dogon lokaci sannan ya dawo. Tare da magani mai kyau, ba zai shafar lafiyar ku baki ɗaya ba. Amma ka sani cewa akwai alaƙa mai ƙarfi tsakanin psoriasis da sauran matsalolin lafiya, kamar cututtukan zuciya.

Tuntuɓi mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamomin cutar psoriasis ko kuma idan fatar jikinku ta ci gaba duk da magani.

Faɗa wa mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da ciwon haɗin gwiwa ko zazzaɓi tare da hare-haren psoriasis.

Idan kuna da alamun cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, kuyi magana da likitan cututtukanku ko rheumatologist.

Je zuwa dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (kamar 911) idan kuna da mummunar fashewa wanda ya rufe duka ko yawancin jikinku.

Babu wata hanyar da aka sani don hana cutar psoriasis. Kiyaye fata mai tsabta da danshi da gujewa abubuwanda ke haifar maka da cutar na iya taimakawa rage yawan tashin hankali.

Masu bayarwa suna ba da shawarar wanka ko wanka na yau da kullun ga mutanen da ke da cutar psoriasis. Guji gogewa da ƙarfi, saboda wannan na iya fusata fata kuma ya haifar da hari.

Rubutun almara Psoriasis vulgaris; Guttate psoriasis; Pustular psoriasis

• Psoriasis a kan wuyan hannu
• Psoriasis - girma x4
• Psoriasis - guttate a kan makamai da kirji

Armstrong AW, Siegel MP, Bagel J, et al. Daga Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Gidauniyar Psoriasis ta Kasa: makasudin maganin cutar psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017; 76 (2): 290-298. PMID: 27908543 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27908543/.

Dinulos JGH. Psoriasis da sauran cututtukan papulosquamous. A cikin: Dinulos JGH, ed. Habif’s Clinical Dermatology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 8.

Lebwohl MG, van de Kerkhof P. Lafiya. A cikin: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Berth-Jones J, Coulson IH, eds. Jiyya na cututtukan fata: Dabarun Magungunan Mahimmanci. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 210.

Van de Kerkhof PCM, Nestlé FO. Psoriasis. A cikin: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 8.