Enalashin ƙugu na ƙugu ko kuma mafitsara

Ciwon mara na ƙashin ƙugu ko ureter ita ce cutar kansa da ke samuwa a ƙashin ƙugu ko kuma bututun (ureter) wanda ke ɗaukar fitsari daga ƙodar zuwa mafitsara.

Ciwon daji na iya girma cikin tsarin tattara fitsari, amma baƙon abu ne. Ciwon mara da kumburin ciki da kumburin ciki ya fi shafar maza fiye da mata. Wadannan cututtukan sun fi yawa ga mutanen da suka girmi shekaru 65.

Ba a san ainihin musababbin wannan cutar kansa ba. Fushin koda (mai ɗorewa) na koda daga abubuwa masu cutarwa da aka cire a cikin fitsari na iya zama dalili. Wannan haushin na iya haifar da:

• Lalacewar koda daga magunguna, musamman ma don ciwo (analgesic nephropathy)
• Bayyanar da wasu launuka da sinadarai da ake amfani da su don ƙera kayayyakin fata, kayan masaka, robobi, da roba
• Shan taba

Mutanen da suka kamu da cutar daji ta mafitsara suma suna cikin haɗari.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon baya akai
• Jini a cikin fitsari
• Ingonewa, zafi, ko rashin jin daɗi tare da yin fitsari
• Gajiya
• Ciwon mara
• Rashin nauyi mara nauyi
• Rashin ci
• Anemia
• Yawan fitsari ko gaggawa

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki, kuma ya bincika yankin ciki (ciki). A wasu lokuta ma ba kasafai ake samun wannan ba, wannan na iya bayyana kara girman koda.

Idan an yi gwaje-gwaje:

• Fitsari na iya nuna jini a cikin fitsari.
• Cikakken adadin jini (CBC) na iya nuna karancin jini.
• Fitsarin fitsarin (nazarin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta) na iya bayyana ƙwayoyin kansa.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya oda sun hada da:

• CT scan na ciki
• Kirjin x-ray
• Cystoscopy tare da ureteroscopy
• Pyelogram na jijiyoyin jini (IVP)
• Koda duban dan tayi
• MRI na ciki
• Renal scan

Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na iya bayyana ciwone ko nuna cewa ciwon daji ya yadu daga kodan.

Manufar magani ita ce kawar da cutar kansa.

Za a iya amfani da hanyoyin da za a bi don magance yanayin:

• Nephroureterectomy - Wannan ya hada da cire dukkan koda, mafitsara da mafitsara mafitsara (nama da ke haɗa ureter zuwa mafitsara)
• Nephrectomy - Yin tiyata don cire duka ko ɓangaren koda ana yin shi sau da yawa. Wannan na iya haɗawa da cire wani ɓangaren mafitsara da kyallen takarda kewaye da shi, ko kuma ƙwayoyin lymph.
• Yin aikin Ureter - Tiyata don cire wani ɓangare na ureter wanda ke ɗauke da ciwon daji, da kuma wasu lafiyayyun nama kusa da shi. Ana iya amfani da wannan idan akwai cututtukan da ba su dace ba a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren fitsari kusa da mafitsara. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye koda.
• Chemotherapy - Ana amfani da wannan lokacin da ciwon daji ya bazu a wajen ƙodar koda. Saboda wadannan ciwace-ciwacen sun yi kama da wani nau'i na cutar kansar mafitsara, ana yi musu magani da irin wannan magani na sanko.

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Sakamakon ya bambanta, ya danganta da wurin da kumar take da kuma ko kansar ta bazu. Ana iya warkar da cutar daji ta cikin koda ko ta ureter ta hanyar tiyata.

Ciwon daji wanda ya bazu zuwa sauran gabobi yawanci ba shi da magani.

Matsaloli daga wannan ciwon daji na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin koda
• Yaduwar cutar cikin gida tare da ƙarin zafi
• Yaduwar cutar kansa zuwa huhu, hanta, da kashi

Tuntuɓi mai ba ka sabis idan kana da wasu alamun alamun da aka lissafa a sama.

Matakan da zasu iya taimakawa rigakafin wannan cutar kansa sun haɗa da:

• Bi shawarwarin mai bayarwa game da magunguna, gami da maganin ciwon kan-kanti.
• Dakatar da shan taba.
• Saka kayan kariya idan mai yiwuwa ne ka kamu da abubuwa masu guba a koda.

Canjin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙashin ƙugu ko ureter; Ciwon koda - ƙashin ƙugu; Ciwon Ureter; Carcinoma na Urothelial

• Ciwon jikin koda

Bajorin DF. Ciwan koda, mafitsara, mafitsara, da ƙashin ƙugu. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 187.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/hp/transition-cell-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Janairu 30, 2020. An shiga cikin Yuli 21, 2020.

Wong WW, Daniels TB, Peterson JL, Tyson MD, Tan WW. Koda da ƙwayar katako. A cikin: Tepper JE, Foote RL, Michalski JM, eds. Gunderson & Tepper na Clinical Radiation Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 64.