Paroxysmal sanyi haemoglobinuria (PCH)

Paroxysmal sanyi hemoglobinuria (PCH) cuta ce da ba kasafai ake samun jini a ciki ba wanda garkuwar jiki ke samar da kwayoyi wadanda ke lalata jajayen kwayoyin jini. Yana faruwa ne lokacin da mutum ya kamu da yanayin sanyi.

PCH yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin sanyi, kuma yafi shafar hannu da ƙafa. Antibodies sun haɗa (ɗaure) ga jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. Wannan yana bawa sauran sunadaran dake cikin jini (wanda ake kira complement) damar suma aiki. Kwayoyin rigakafin suna lalata jajayen ƙwayoyin jini yayin da suke tafiya cikin jiki. Yayinda kwayoyin suka lalace, haemoglobin, bangaren jajayen kwayoyin jini dake dauke da iskar oxygen, ana sakashi cikin jini ya wuce cikin fitsari.

PCH yana da alaƙa da cutar syphilis ta biyu, syphilis na manyan makarantu, da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta. Wasu lokuta ba a san dalilin ba.

Rashin lafiyar yana da wuya.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• Jin sanyi
• Zazzaɓi
• Ciwon baya
• Jin zafi a kafa
• Ciwon ciki
• Ciwon kai
• Babban rashin jin daɗi, rashin kwanciyar hankali, ko rashin lafiya (rashin lafiya)
• Jini a cikin fitsari (jan fitsari)

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje na iya taimakawa wajen gano wannan yanayin.

• Matakan Bilirubin suna da jini da fitsari.
• Cikakken adadin jini (CBC) yana nuna karancin jini.
• Gwajin kabu-kabu ba shi da kyau.
• Donath-Landsteiner gwajin yana da kyau.
• Lactate dehydrogenase matakin yayi sama.

Yin maganin yanayin asali na iya taimakawa. Misali, idan cutar ta haifarda cutar ta PCH a sanadiyar cutar syphilis, alamomi na iya samun sauki idan aka magance cutar ta syphilis.

A wasu lokuta, ana amfani da magungunan da ke hana garkuwar jiki.

Mutanen da ke da wannan cutar galibi suna samun sauƙi cikin sauri kuma ba su da alamun bayyanar a tsakanin lokuttan. A mafi yawan lokuta, hare-haren suna karewa da zarar ƙwayoyin da suka lalace sun daina motsi cikin jiki.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Ci gaba da kai hare-hare
• Rashin koda
• Tsananin karancin jini

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan kuna da alamun wannan cuta. Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai iya yin sarauta akan wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da alamomin kuma yanke shawara ko kuna buƙatar magani.

Mutanen da suka kamu da wannan cutar na iya hana kai hari nan gaba ta hanyar kasancewa cikin sanyi.

PCH

• Kwayoyin jini

Michel M. Autoimmune da cutar hemolytic anemias. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 151.

Win N, Richards SJ. Anaemias na haemolytic da aka samo. A cikin: Bain BJ, Bates I, Laffan MA, eds. Dacie da Lewis Nazarin Hematology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 13.