Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis wani nau'in haɗari ne mai barazanar rai.

Anaphylaxis yana da tasirin gaske, rashin lafiyan jiki gabaɗaya ga wani sinadarin da ya zama mai cutar kansa. Kwayar cuta abu ne wanda zai iya haifar da halin rashin lafiyan.

Bayan an fallasa shi da wani abu kamar su dafin ƙudan zuma, garkuwar jikin mutum ta zama tana da hankali a kai. Lokacin da mutumin ya sake fuskantar wannan cutar, rashin lafiyan zai iya faruwa. Anaphylaxis yakan faru da sauri bayan fallasa. Yanayin yayi tsanani kuma ya shafi dukkan jiki.

Naman cikin sassan jiki suna sakin sinadarin histamine da sauran abubuwa. Wannan yana haifar da hanyoyin iska da su matse da kuma haifar da wasu alamomin.

Wasu kwayoyi (morphine, x-ray dye, aspirin, da sauransu) na iya haifar da wani yanayi mai kama da anaaphylactic (maganin anaphylactoid) lokacin da mutane suka fara fuskantar su. Wadannan halayen ba daidai suke da tsarin garkuwar jiki da ke faruwa tare da anafilasisi na gaske. Amma, alamun, haɗarin rikitarwa, da magani iri ɗaya ne ga duka halayen halayen.

Anaphylaxis na iya faruwa a cikin martani ga kowane abu mai illa. Dalilai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Magungunan ƙwayoyi
• Rashin lafiyar abinci
• Cizon kwari / harbawa

Pollen da sauran cututtukan da ake shaka ba safai suke haifar da anafilasisi ba. Wasu mutane suna da maganin rashin maganin cutar ba tare da san wani dalili ba.

Anaphylaxis yana da barazanar rai kuma yana iya faruwa a kowane lokaci. Rashin haɗari sun haɗa da tarihin kowane irin nau'in rashin lafiyan.

Kwayar cututtukan suna ci gaba da sauri, sau da yawa a cikin sakan ko minti. Suna iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon ciki
• Jin damuwa
• Ciwan kirji ko matsewa
• Gudawa
• Jin wahalar numfashi, tari, numfashi, ko sautin numfashi mai ƙarfi
• Matsalar haɗiyewa
• Dizziness ko lightheadedness
• Hives, ƙaiƙayi, jan fata
• Cutar hanci
• Tashin zuciya ko amai
• Matsaloli
• Zurfin magana
• Kumburin fuska, idanu, ko harshe
• Rashin sani

Mai ba da kula da lafiyar zai bincika mutumin kuma ya yi tambaya game da abin da ya haifar da yanayin.

Gwaje-gwaje don rashin lafiyan da ya haifar da anafilasisi (idan ba a san musabbabin hakan ba) bayan jiyya.

Anaphylaxis yanayin gaggawa ne wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa nan da nan. Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa na gaggawa kai tsaye.

Duba hanyar iska, numfashi, da zagayawa na mutum, waɗanda aka sani da ABC's na Basic Life Support. Alamar faɗakarwa game da kumburin maƙogwaron mai haɗari murya ce mai raɗaɗi ko raɗaɗi, ko ƙararraki lokacin da mutum yake numfashi a cikin iska. Idan ya cancanta, fara ceton numfashi da CPR.

1. Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa ta gida.
2. Kwantar da hankalin ka ka kwantar da hankalin mutumin.
3. Idan rashin lafiyan ya fito ne daga harbin kudan zuma, goge santsin daga fatar da wani abu mai karfi (kamar farce ko katin bashi na roba). Kada ayi amfani da hanzari. Matsa stinger zai saki ƙarin dafin.
4. Idan mutum yana da maganin rashin lafiyan gaggawa a hannu, taimaka wa mutumin ya sha ko allurar. Kar a ba da magani ta baki idan mutum yana fama da matsalar numfashi.
5. Stepsauki matakai don hana fargaba. Ka sa mutum ya kwanta kwance, ya ɗaga ƙafafun mutum kamar inci 12 (santimita 30), kuma ka rufe mutum da mayafi ko bargo. Kada ka sanya mutum a wannan matsayin idan ana tsammanin rauni na kai, wuya, baya, ko ƙafa, ko kuma idan hakan na haifar da rashin jin daɗi.

KAR KA:

• Kar a ɗauka cewa duk wani maganin rashin lafiyan da mutum ya riga ya samu zai samar da cikakkiyar kariya.
• Kada a sanya matashi a ƙarƙashin kan mutum idan suna fuskantar matsalar numfashi. Wannan na iya toshe hanyoyin iska.
• Kada a ba wa mutum komai da baki idan suna fama da matsalar numfashi.

Ma'aikatan agaji ko wasu masu ba da sabis na iya sanya bututu ta hanci ko baki a cikin hanyoyin iska. Ko kuma za a yi tiyatar gaggawa don sanya bututu kai tsaye a cikin trachea.

Mutumin na iya karɓar magunguna don ƙara rage alamun.

Anaphylaxis na iya zama barazanar rai ba tare da saurin magani ba. Kwayar cutar yawanci tana samun sauƙi tare da madaidaicin magani, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci a yi aiki kai tsaye.

Ba tare da saurin magani ba, anafilaxis na iya haifar da:

• Hanyar jirgin sama da aka toshe
• Kamun zuciya (babu bugun zuciya mai tasiri)
• Kama numfashi (babu numfashi)
• Shock

Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa na cikin gida idan ku ko wani wanda kuka sani ya kamu da mummunan alamun rashin lafiya. Ko, je zuwa dakin gaggawa mafi kusa.

Don hana halayen rashin lafiyan da anaphylaxis:

• Guji abubuwan haddasawa kamar abinci da magunguna waɗanda suka haifar da wani rashin lafiyan a baya. Yi cikakkun tambayoyi game da abubuwan haɗin lokacin da kuke cin abinci daga gida. Har ila yau, a hankali bincika alamun sinadaran.
• Idan kuna da ɗa wanda ke rashin lafiyan wasu abinci, gabatar da sabon abinci ɗaya lokaci ɗaya cikin ƙarami kaɗan don ku gane halin rashin lafiyan.
• Mutanen da suka san cewa sun sami halayen rashin lafiyan gaske ya kamata su sa alama ta ID na likita.
• Idan kana da tarihin halayen rashin lafiyan gaske, ɗauki magungunan gaggawa (kamar su maganin tahistamine da inine epinephrine ko kuma zafin zafin nama) bisa ga umarnin mai bayarwa.
• Kada kayi amfani da epinephrine dinka na allura akan wani. Suna iya samun yanayi (kamar matsalar zuciya) wanda wannan magani zai iya tsananta shi.

Anaphylactic dauki; Anaphylactic bugawa; Shock - anaphylactic; Maganin rashin lafiyan - anaphylaxis

• Shock
• Maganin rashin lafiyan
• Anaphylaxis
• Kyauta
• Rashin lafiyar abinci
• Ciwon kwari da rashin lafiyan jiki
• Maganin rashin lafiyan magani
• Antibodies

Barksdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allerji, rashin kuzari, da anaphylaxis. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi 109.

Dreskin SC, Stitt JM. Anaphylaxis. A cikin: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton ta Allergy: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 75.

Shaker MS, Wallace DV, Golden DBK, et al. Anaphylaxis-a sabunta aikin siga na 2020, nazari na yau da kullun, da Darajar Shawarwari, Bincike, Ci gaba da Bincike (GRADE). J Rashin lafiyar Clin Immunol. 2020; 145 (4): 1082-1123. PMID: 32001253 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32001253/.

Schwartz LB. Anafilaxis na tsari, rashin lafiyayyar abinci, da rashin lafiyar ƙwarin. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 238.