Cutar ciwo ta HELLP

HELLP ciwo wani rukuni ne na alamun da ke faruwa a cikin mata masu ciki waɗanda ke da:

• H: hemolysis (fashewar jinin ja)
• EL: haɓakar hanta enzymes
• LP: ƙarancin platelet count

Ba a gano musabbabin ciwo na HELLP ba. Ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin bambance-bambancen na cutar yoyon fitsari. Wani lokacin kasancewar cutar ta HELLP yana faruwa ne saboda wata cuta da ke haifar da ita kamar cututtukan antiphospholipid.

Cutar ciwo ta HELLP tana faruwa kusan 1 zuwa 2 cikin 1,000 na ciki. A cikin mata masu fama da cutar yoyon fitsari ko eclampsia, yanayin yana tasowa cikin kashi 10% zuwa 20% na masu juna biyu.

Mafi sau da yawa HELLP yana tasowa yayin watanni uku na ciki (tsakanin 26 zuwa 40 makonni ciki). Wasu lokuta yakan bunkasa a cikin mako bayan haihuwar jariri.

Mata da yawa suna da cutar hawan jini kuma ana bincikar su da cutar preeclampsia kafin su kamu da cutar ta HELLP. A wasu lokuta, alamun TAIMAKA sune gargaɗi na farko game da cutar yoyon fitsari. Yanayin wani lokacin ba a gane shi kamar:

• Mura ko wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta
• Ciwon ciki
• Ciwon hanta
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Lupus walƙiya
• Tsarin jini na thrombotic thrombocytopenic

Kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Gajiya ko jin rashin lafiya
• Rike ruwa da riba mai yawa
• Ciwon kai
• Tashin zuciya da amai da ke ci gaba da munana
• Jin zafi a saman dama ko tsakiyar ɓangaren ciki
• Rashin gani
• Hancin hanci ko wani zub da jini wanda ba zai tsaya cikin sauki ba (ba safai ba)
• Kama ko girgizawar jiki (ba safai ba)

Yayin gwajin jiki, mai ba da kiwon lafiya na iya gano:

• Taushin ciki, musamman a gefen dama na dama
• Liverara hanta
• Hawan jini
• Kumburi a kafafu

Gwajin aikin hanta (hanta enzymes) na iya zama mai girma. Ididdigar platelet na iya zama ƙasa. A CT scan na iya nuna zub da jini a cikin hanta. Ana iya samun furotin mai yawa a cikin fitsari.

Za a yi gwajin lafiyar jaririn. Gwajin ya hada da gwajin rashin damuwa na tayi da duban dan tayi, da sauransu.

Babban maganin shine a haihu da wuri-wuri, koda kuwa jaririn bai yi ba. Matsaloli tare da hanta da sauran rikitarwa na cututtukan HELLP na iya zama da sauri da zama lahani ga uwa da ɗa.

Mai ba ku sabis na iya haifar da aiki ta hanyar ba ku magunguna don fara aiki, ko kuma yin aikin C-s.

Hakanan zaka iya karɓar:

• Karin jini idan matsalolin zub da jini ya zama mai tsanani
• Magungunan Corticosteroid don taimakawa huhun jariri ya haɓaka da sauri
• Magunguna don magance hawan jini
• Maganin magnesium sulfate don hana kamuwa

Sakamakon yakan fi kyau idan aka gano matsalar da wuri. Yana da matukar mahimmanci ayi duban lokacin haihuwa kafin lokacin. Hakanan ya kamata ku sanar da mai ba ku nan da nan idan kuna da alamun wannan yanayin.

Lokacin da ba a magance yanayin da wuri ba, har zuwa 1 daga cikin mata 4 na haifar da matsala mai tsanani. Ba tare da magani ba, ƙananan mata suna mutuwa.

Yawan mutuwa tsakanin jariran da uwayensu suka haifa tare da cutar ta HELLP ya dogara da nauyin haihuwa da ci gaban gabobin jariri, musamman huhu. Ana haihuwar jarirai da yawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba (an haife su kafin makonni 37 na ciki).

Cutar ciwo na HELLP na iya dawowa kusan 1 cikin 4 na cikin da za a yi nan gaba.

Za a iya samun rikice-rikice kafin da bayan haihuwar jaririn, gami da:

• Rarraba maganin intravascular coagulation (DIC). Ciwon daskarewa wanda ke haifar da yawan zubar jini (zubar jini).
• Ruwa a cikin huhu (huhu na huhu)
• Rashin koda
• Zubar da jini na hanta da gazawa
• Rabuwa da mahaifa daga bangon mahaifa (ɓata mahaifa)

Bayan an haifi jaririn, Ciwon HELLP yana ɓacewa a mafi yawan lokuta.

Idan bayyanar cututtukan HELLP ta faru yayin ciki:

• Gano mai ba da sabis kai tsaye.
• Kira lambar gaggawa na cikin gida (kamar su 911).
• Samun zuwa asibitin gaggawa ko bangaren aiki da haihuwa.

Babu wata sananniyar hanyar da zata hana cutar ta HELLP. Duk mata masu juna biyu ya kamata su fara kulawa da ciki tun da wuri kuma su ci gaba ta hanyar cikin. Wannan yana bawa mai samarwa damar nemowa da magance yanayi irin su ciwo na HELLP yanzunnan.

• Preeclampsia

Esposti SD, Reinus JF. Cutar ciki da hanta a cikin haƙuri mai ciki. A cikin: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger da cututtukan hanta da cutar Fordtran: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 39.

Sibai BM. Preeclampsia da cutar hawan jini A cikin: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, et al, eds. Obetetrics: Ciki da Ciki. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 31.