Manyan idanu

Catar ido shine girgije na tabarau na ido.

Ruwan tabarau na ido a bayyane yake. Yana aiki ne kamar ruwan tabarau a kyamara, yana mai da hankali yayin da yake wucewa zuwa bayan ido.

Har sai mutum ya kai shekara 45, fasalin ruwan tabarau zai iya canzawa. Wannan yana bawa tabarau damar mayar da hankali kan abu, ko yana kusa ko yana nesa.

Yayinda mutum yake shekaru, sunadaran da ke cikin ruwan tabarau sun fara lalacewa. A sakamakon haka, ruwan tabarau ya zama hadari. Abin da ido ya gani na iya bayyana kamar ba shi da haske. An san wannan yanayin a matsayin cataract.

Abubuwan da zasu iya saurin saurin saurin kama sune:

• Ciwon suga
• Ciwon ido
• Ciwon ido
• Tarihin iyali na ciwon ido
• Amfani da corticosteroids na dogon lokaci (shan baki) ko wasu magunguna
• Bayyanar iska
• Shan taba
• Yin tiyata don wata matsalar ido
• Yawan mu'amala da hasken ultraviolet (hasken rana)

Ciwon ido yana bunkasa a hankali ba tare da ciwo ba. Gani a cikin idanun da abin ya shafa sannu a hankali sai ya yi muni.

• Haskewar tabarau mai sauƙi sau da yawa yakan faru bayan shekara 60. Amma ƙila ba zai haifar da wata matsala ba.
• Da shekara 75, yawancin mutane suna da ciwon ido wanda yake shafar hangen nesa.

Matsaloli na gani na iya haɗawa da:

• Kasancewa mai tsananin haske
• Girgije, hazo, hazo, ko hangen nesa
• Matsalar gani a dare ko cikin haske mara haske
• Gani biyu
• Rashin hasara na launi
• Matsaloli na ganin siffofi kan bango ko bambanci tsakanin tabarau na launuka
• Ganin haske a kusa da fitilu
• Sauye-sauye akai-akai a cikin maganin tabarau

Ciwon ido yana haifar da rage gani, koda da rana. Mafi yawan mutanen da ke fama da ciwon ido suna da irin wannan sauyi a idanun biyu, duk da cewa ido ɗaya na iya zama mafi sharri fiye da ɗayan. Sau da yawa kawai sauyin canje-canje ne mai sauƙi.

Ana amfani da daidaitaccen gwajin ido da fitilar fitila don tantance cututtukan ido. Sauran gwaje-gwaje ba safai ake buƙata ba, sai don kawar da wasu dalilai na rashin gani sosai.

Don saurin ido, likitan ido (likitan ido) na iya ba da shawarar mai zuwa:

• Canja cikin takardar tabarau
• Haske mafi kyau
• Girman ruwan tabarau
• Tabarau

Yayin da hangen nesa ya ta'azzara, kuna iya buƙatar yin canje-canje a cikin gida don kaucewa faɗuwa da rauni.

Iyakar maganin cataract shine tiyata don cire shi. Idan katuwar ido ba ta wahalar da kai don gani, yawanci tiyata ba lallai ba ne. Cutar ido ba ta cutar da ido, saboda haka za a iya yin tiyata lokacin da kai da likitan ido suka yanke shawarar ya dace da kai. Yawanci ana ba da shawarar yin aikin tiyata lokacin da ba za ku iya yin ayyukan yau da kullun ba kamar tuki, karatu, ko kallon kwamfutar ko allon bidiyo, har ma da tabarau.

Wasu mutane na iya samun wasu matsalolin ido, kamar su ciwon suga, wanda ba za a iya magance shi ba tare da fara yi wa ido ba.

Gani bazai inganta ba zuwa 20/20 bayan tiyatar idan wasu cututtukan ido, irin su cutar macular degeneration, suna nan. Likitan ido na iya tantance hakan a gaba.

Sanarwar farko da magani cikin lokaci shine mabuɗin don hana matsalolin gani na dindindin.

Kodayake ba safai ba, cutar ido da ke wucewa zuwa wani mataki na ci gaba (wanda ake kira catmatract hypermature) na iya fara zubewa zuwa wasu sassan ido. Wannan na iya haifar da wani nau'i mai zafi na glaucoma da kumburi a cikin ido.

Kira don alƙawari tare da ƙwararrun masu kula da ido idan kuna da:

• Rage hangen nesa na dare
• Matsaloli tare da haske
• Rashin hangen nesa

Mafi kyawun rigakafin ya haɗa da sarrafa cututtukan da ke ƙara haɗarin cutar ido. Guje wa ɗaukar abubuwa ga abubuwan da ke inganta ƙirar ido na iya taimakawa. Misali, idan kana shan sigari, yanzu lokaci yayi da zaka daina. Hakanan, lokacin waje, sanya tabarau don kare idanunku daga cutukan UV.

Rashin tabarau; Ciwon ido mai alaka da shekaru; Rashin hangen nesa - cataract

• Ciwon ido - abin da za a tambayi likita

• Ido
• Tsaguwa-fitilar jarrabawa
• Catar ido - kusa da ido
• Yin aikin tiyata - jerin

Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Lafiya ta Amurka. Alamar Practabi'ar Catabi'a da Panelarfin Kashi na Gaba, Cibiyar Hoskins don Kulawar Ido mai Inganci. Catact a cikin idon manya PPP - 2016. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. An sabunta Oktoba 2016. An shiga Satumba 4, 2019.

Yanar gizo ta Cibiyar Ido ta kasa. Bayanai game da ciwon ido. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts. An sabunta Satumba 2015. An shiga Satumba 4, 2019.

Wevill M. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, haddasawa, ilimin halittar jiki, da kuma tasirin gani na cataract. A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 5.3.