Amblyopia

Amblyopia shine asarar ikon gani sosai ta ido daya. An kuma kira shi "ido mai laushi." Shine yafi kowa haddasa matsalar hangen nesa ga yara.

Amblyopia yana faruwa yayin da hanyar jijiya daga ido ɗaya zuwa kwakwalwa baya haɓaka yayin yarinta. Wannan matsalar tana faruwa ne saboda ido mara kyau yana aika hoto mara kyau zuwa kwakwalwa. Wannan shine lamarin a cikin strabismus (ƙetare idanu). A wasu matsalolin ido, ana aika hoto mara kyau zuwa kwakwalwa.Wannan yana rikitar da kwakwalwa, kuma kwakwalwa na iya koyon watsi da hoton daga raunin ido.

Strabismus shine mafi yawan sanadin amblyopia. Sau da yawa akwai tarihin iyali na wannan yanayin.

Kalmar "ido mai lalaci" tana nufin amblyopia, wanda galibi yake faruwa tare da strabismus. Koyaya, amblyopia na iya faruwa ba tare da strabismus ba. Hakanan, mutane na iya samun strabismus ba tare da amblyopia ba.

Sauran dalilai sun hada da:

• Yarinyar ido
• Neman hangen nesa, hangen nesa, ko astigmatism, musamman idan ya fi girma a ido ɗaya

A cikin strabismus, matsalar kawai da ido kanta ita ce ana nuna shi zuwa hanyar da ba daidai ba. Idan rashin hangen nesa ya haifar da matsala daga ƙwalwar ido, kamar su cutar ido, amblyopia zai buƙaci a kula da shi, koda kuwa an cire idanun. Amblyopia bazai inganta ba idan idanu biyu basu da hangen nesa daidai.

Kwayar cutar yanayin ta hada da:

• Idanuwan da ke juyawa ko fita
• Idanuwan da basu bayyana suna aiki tare ba
• Rashin ikon yin hukunci zurfin daidai
• Rashin hangen nesa a ido daya

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana iya gano amblyopia tare da cikakken gwajin ido. Ba a buƙatar gwaji na musamman sau da yawa.

Mataki na farko shi ne gyara duk wani yanayin ido wanda ke haifar da rashin gani sosai a cikin ido na amblyopic (kamar su cataracts).

Yara masu matsalar kuskure (hangen nesa, hangen nesa, ko astigmatism) zasu buƙaci tabarau.

Gaba, ana sanya faci akan ido na yau da kullun. Wannan yana tilasta kwakwalwa ta gane hoto daga ido tare da amblyopia. Wani lokaci, ana amfani da digo don daskare ganin ido na yau da kullun maimakon sanya faci akan sa. Sabbin fasahohi suna amfani da fasahar komputa, don nuna hoto daban-daban ga kowane ido. Bayan lokaci, hangen nesa tsakanin idanu ya zama daidai.

Yaran da ganinsu ba zai warke sarai ba, kuma waɗanda suke da ido ɗaya tak saboda kowace irin cuta ya kamata su sanya tabarau. Waɗannan tabarau ya kamata su zama masu farfasawa da kuma karye karce.

Yaran da suka sha magani kafin su kai shekaru 5 kusan koyaushe suna murmurewa wanda yake kusa da al'ada. Koyaya, suna iya ci gaba da samun matsaloli tare da zurfin fahimta.

Matsalolin gani na dindindin na iya haifarwa idan an jinkirta jiyya. Yaran da aka kula da su bayan sun kai shekaru 10 na iya tsammanin hangen nesa zai warke kawai.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsalolin tsoka na ido waɗanda ke iya buƙatar tiyata da yawa
• Rashin hangen nesa na dindindin a cikin ido

Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya ko likitan ido idan kuna tsammanin matsalar hangen nesa a cikin ƙaramin yaro.

Ganowa da magance matsalar da wuri yana hana yara samun raunin gani na dindindin. Duk yara yakamata suyi cikakken gwajin ido aƙalla sau ɗaya tsakanin shekaru 3 zuwa 5.

Ana amfani da hanyoyi na musamman don auna hangen nesa a cikin yaro wanda ya yi ƙarancin magana. Yawancin ƙwararrun masu kula da ido suna iya yin waɗannan fasahohin.

Idon rago; Rashin hangen nesa - amblyopia

• Ganin jarabawar gani
• Walleyes

Ellis GS, Pritchard C. Amblyopia. A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi 11.11.

Kraus CL, Culican SM. Sabbin ci gaba a cikin amblyopia far I: hanyoyin kwantar da hanzari da haɓaka magani. B J Ophthalmol. 2018; 102 (11): 1492-1496. PMID: 29777043 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29777043/.

Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Rashin hangen nesa. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 639.

Repka MX. Amblyopia: kayan yau da kullun, tambayoyi, da gudanar da aiki. A cikin: Lambert SR, Lyons CJ, eds. Taylor & Hoyt na Ilimin Lafiyar Yara da Strabismus. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 73.

Yen M-Y. Far don amblyopia: sabon hangen zaman gaba Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2017; 7 (2): 59-61. PMID: 29018758 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29018758/.