Rauni - koda da ureter
Rauni ga koda da mafitsara shine lalacewar gabobin sashin fitsari na sama.
Kodan suna cikin flank a kowane gefen kashin baya. Flank shine bayan ciki na sama. An kiyaye su ta kashin baya, ƙananan keɓaɓɓen haƙarƙari, da tsokoki masu ƙarfi na baya. Wannan wurin yana kiyaye kodan daga sojojin waje da yawa. Hakanan kodan suna kewaye da kitsen mai. Kitsen yana taimaka musu wajen kwantar da su.
Kodan suna da babban jini. Duk wani rauni da ya same su, na iya haifar da mummunan jini. Da yawa yadudduka yana taimakawa hana cutar koda.
Neyswayoyi na iya ji rauni ta lalacewar jijiyoyin da ke ba su ko yashe su, gami da:
- Rashin abinci
- Toshewar jijiya
- Ciwon yoyon fitsari
- Enalunƙarar jijiyoyin jini na jini
- Rauni
Hakanan raunin koda zai iya haifar da:
- Angiomyolipoma, ciwon ƙari mara ciwo, idan ƙari yana da girma ƙwarai
- Rashin lafiyar Autoimmune
- Toshewar mafitsara
- Ciwon daji na koda, gabobin gabobi (ovaries ko mahaifa a cikin mata), ko ciwon ciki
- Ciwon suga
- Kirkirar kayayyakin sharar jiki kamar uric acid (wanda ka iya faruwa tare da gout ko maganin jijiyar ƙashi, kumburin lymph, ko wasu matsaloli)
- Bayyanawa ga abubuwa masu guba kamar gubar, kayayyakin tsaftacewa, kaushi, makamashi, wasu maganin rigakafi, ko amfani da magunguna masu zafi masu yawa (analgesic nephropathy)
- Hawan jini da sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya wadanda suka shafi koda
- Kumburin da ya faru sakamakon martani na rigakafi ga magunguna, kamuwa da cuta, ko wasu rikice-rikice
- Hanyoyin likita kamar su biopsy na koda, ko sanya bututun nephrostomy
- Tushewar mahaifa
- Toshewar hanji
- Dutse na koda
Ureters sune bututun da ke daukar fitsari daga koda zuwa mafitsara. Raunin fitsari na iya haifar da:
- Rarraba daga hanyoyin likita
- Cututtuka kamar su fibrosis na baya-baya, sarcomas na baya-baya, ko kuma cutar sankara da ke yaɗuwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph kusa da mafitsara.
- Ciwon tsakuwar koda
- Radiation zuwa yankin ciki
- Rauni
Alamomin gaggawa na iya haɗawa da:
- Ciwon ciki da kumburi
- Tsanani na flank da ciwon baya
- Jini a cikin fitsari
- Drowiness, rage faɗakarwa, gami da coma
- Rage fitowar fitsari ko rashin yin fitsari
- Zazzaɓi
- Rateara yawan bugun zuciya
- Tashin zuciya, amai
- Fata mai kodadde ko sanyi don taɓawa
- Gumi
Tsawon lokaci bayyanar cututtuka (na yau da kullun) na iya haɗawa da:
- Rashin abinci mai gina jiki
- Hawan jini
- Rashin koda
Idan koda daya ce ta kamu kuma dayan tana da lafiya, mai yiwuwa ba ka da wata alama.
Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai bincika ku. Bari su sani game da wata cuta da ta gabata ko kuma idan kun haɗu da abubuwa masu guba.
Jarabawar na iya nuna:
- Zub da jini mai yawa (zubar jini)
- Tsanani mai taushi akan koda
- Shock, gami da saurin bugun zuciya ko faduwar jini
- Alamomin gazawar koda
Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:
- CT scan na ciki
- MRI na ciki
- Ciki duban dan tayi
- Angiography na jijiyoyin koda ko jijiya
- Wutar lantarki
- Gwajin jini don neman abubuwa masu guba
- Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)
- Pyelogram na jijiyoyin jini (IVP)
- Gwajin aikin koda
- Sake fasalin pyelogram
- Koda-ray
- Renal scan
- Fitsari
- Nazarin Urodynamic
- Cystourethrogram mai ɓoye
Manufofin sune don magance alamomin gaggawa da hana ko magance rikitarwa. Kuna iya buƙatar zama a asibiti.
Jiyya don cutar koda na iya haɗawa da:
- Kwanciya kwanciyar sati 1 zuwa 2 ko kuma har sai jini ya ragu
- Kusa kulawa da magani don alamun rashin nasarar koda
- Canjin abinci
- Magunguna don magance lalacewar da abubuwa masu guba ko cututtuka suka haifar (alal misali, maganin furewa don gubar gubar ko allopurinol don rage uric acid a cikin jini saboda gout)
- Magungunan ciwo
- Kawar da magunguna ko bayyanar da su ga abubuwa da ka iya cutar koda
- Magunguna kamar corticosteroids ko immunosuppressants idan rauni ya faru ne ta hanyar kumburi
- Jiyya na rashin ciwon koda
Wani lokaci, ana buƙatar tiyata. Wannan na iya haɗawa da:
- Gyara "karyewar" ko koda data tsage, magudanan jini, mafitsarin fitsari, ko makamancin rauni
- Cire dukkan koda (nephrectomy), sharar fili a kusa da koda, ko dakatar da zub da jini ta hanyar hanyoyin dasashi (angioembolization)
- Sanya stent
- Cire toshewa ko kawar da toshewa
Ta yaya kuka yi kyau ya dogara da dalilin da tsananin raunin.
Wani lokaci, koda ta fara aiki yadda ya kamata kuma. Wani lokaci, gazawar koda yana faruwa.
Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:
- Kwatsam gazawar koda, koda ɗaya ko duka biyu
- Zub da jini (na iya zama ƙarami ko mai tsanani)
- Bruising na koda
- Rashin ciwon koda, koda ɗaya ko duka biyu
- Kamuwa da cuta (peritonitis, sepsis)
- Jin zafi
- Enalararrawar jijiyar koda
- Ciwan jini na koda
- Shock
- Hanyar kamuwa da fitsari
Kirawo mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun rauni na koda ko fitsari. Kira mai bayarwa idan kuna da tarihin:
- Bayyana abubuwa masu guba
- Rashin lafiya
- Kamuwa da cuta
- Raunin jiki
Jeka dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa (kamar su 911) idan ka rage fitowar fitsari bayan ciwon koda. Wannan na iya zama alama ce ta gazawar koda.
Kuna iya taimakawa hana rauni ga kodan da ureter ta hanyar ɗaukar waɗannan matakan:
- Yi hankali da abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da gubar dalma. Wadannan sun hada da tsofaffin fenti, kumburi daga aiki tare da karafan da aka rufa da giya, da kuma barasar da aka saka a cikin radiators na motar da aka sake yin fa'ida.
- Allauki duk magungunan ku da kyau, gami da waɗanda kuka siya ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba (kan-kan-kan kuɗi).
- Yin maganin gout da sauran cututtuka kamar yadda mai ba da sabis ya umurta.
- Yi amfani da kayan aminci yayin aiki da wasa.
- Yi amfani da kayayyakin tsaftacewa, kaushi, da mai kamar yadda aka umurta. Tabbatar cewa yankin yana da iska mai kyau, saboda hayakin ma na iya zama mai guba.
- Sanya bel dina da tuƙi lafiya.
Lalacewar koda; Raunin mai guba na koda; Ciwon koda; Raunin rauni na koda; Karyawar koda; Raunin kumburi na koda; Ciwon koda; Ciwon mara; Pre-renal failure - rauni; Post-renal failure - rauni; Toshewar koda - rauni
- Ciwon jikin koda
- Koda - jini da fitsari suna gudana
Alamar SB, Eswara JR. Raunin urinary na sama. A cikin: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 90.
Okusa MD, Portilla D. Pathophysiology na ciwon koda mai tsanani. A cikin: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner da Rector na Koda. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 28.
Shewakramani SN. Tsarin Genitourinary. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 40.