Ciwon daji na Mediastinal

Ciwan daji na matsakaitan jini sune ci gaban da ke samuwa a cikin mediastinum. Wannan yanki ne a tsakiyar kirji wanda yake raba huhu.

Matsakaicin shine ɓangaren kirji wanda yake tsakanin sternum da ƙashin baya, kuma tsakanin huhu. Wannan yanki yana dauke da zuciya, manyan jijiyoyin jini, bututun iska (trachea), thymus gland, esophagus, da kayan hadewa. An rarraba mediastinum zuwa sassa uku:

• Gaba (gaba)
• Tsakiyar
• Posterior (baya)

Orsananan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi ba su da yawa.

Wurin da aka saba don ciwace-ciwacen daji a cikin medastinum ya dogara da shekarun mutum.A cikin yara, ciwace-ciwace sun fi kowa a cikin medialincin na baya. Wadannan cututtukan suna fara ne a cikin jijiyoyi kuma basu da matsala (mara kyau).

Yawancin ciwace-ciwacen daji na manya a cikin manya suna faruwa ne a cikin tsaka-tsakin. Yawanci sune cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (m) lymphomas, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, ko thymomas. Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen sun fi na kowa a tsakiyar shekaru da manya.

Kusan rabin rabi na cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ba sa haifar da alamun bayyanar kuma ana samun su a kan kirjin x-ray da aka yi don wani dalili. Kwayar cututtukan da ke faruwa saboda matsin lamba akan (matsawar) tsarin gida kuma zasu iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon kirji
• Zazzabi da sanyi
• Tari
• Tari na jini (hemoptysis)
• Rashin tsufa
• Zufar dare
• Rashin numfashi

Tarihin likita da gwajin jiki na iya nuna:

• Zazzaɓi
• Babban sautin numfashi (stridor)
• Ymwayar kumburi ko taushi (lymphadenopathy)
• Rashin nauyi mara nauyi
• Hanzari

Testsarin gwaje-gwajen da za a iya yi sun haɗa da:

• Kirjin x-ray
• CT jagorar allurar biopsy
• CT scan na kirji
• Mediastinoscopy tare da biopsy
• MRI na kirji

Jiyya don ciwace-ciwacen daji ya dogara da nau'in ƙari da alamun bayyanar:

• Ana kula da cututtukan Thymic tare da tiyata. Hakanan zai iya biyo baya ta hanyar radiation ko chemotherapy, ya danganta da matakin ƙari da nasarar tiyata.
• Yawanci ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yawanci ana bi da shi tare da chemotherapy.
• Don ƙwayoyin cuta, chemotherapy shine zaɓin zaɓin, kuma mai yiwuwa biyo baya ta hanyar radiation.
• Don cututtukan neurogenic na baya mediastinum, tiyata shine babban magani.

Sakamakon ya dogara da nau'in kumburi. Dabbobi daban-daban suna ba da amsa daban ga chemotherapy da radiation.

Rarraba na ciwace-ciwace na ciki sun hada da:

• Matsawar igiyar ciki
• Yada zuwa sassan da ke kusa kamar zuciya, rufi a kusa da zuciya (pericardium), da manyan jiragen ruwa (aorta da vena cava)

Radiation, tiyata, da chemotherapy duk na iya samun rikitarwa mai tsanani.

Tuntuɓi mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan ka lura da alamun cututtukan ƙwayar cuta.

Thymoma - matsakaici; Lymphoma - matsakaici

• Huhu

Cheng GS, Varghese TK, Park DR. Mediastinal ciwace-ciwacen daji da cysts. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 83.

McCool FD. Cututtuka na diaphragm, bangon kirji, pleura, da mediastinum. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 92.