Ananan ƙwayar ischemia da infarction

Ischemia da hanji suna faruwa ne yayin da aka samu raguwa ko toshewar jijiyoyin guda daya ko fiye da suke samar da karamin hanji.

Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da ischemia da hanji.

• Hernia - Idan hanji ya motsa zuwa inda bai dace ba ko kuma ya dimauce, zai iya yanke gudan jinin.
• Adhesions - Hanji na iya zama cikin tarko a cikin tabo (adhesions) daga aikin da aka yi masa a baya. Wannan na iya haifar da asarar zubar jini idan ba a kula da shi ba.
• Embolus - Cutar jini na iya toshe ɗayan jijiyoyin da ke samar da hanji. Mutanen da suka kamu da bugun zuciya ko kuma waɗanda suke da arrhythmias, kamar su fibrillation na atrial, suna cikin haɗarin wannan matsalar.
• Kunkuntar jijiyoyi - Jijiyoyin da ke ba da jini ga hanji na iya zama ƙuntata ko toshewa daga haɓakar cholesterol. Lokacin da wannan ya faru a jijiyoyin zuwa zuciya, yakan haifar da bugun zuciya. Lokacin da yake faruwa a jijiyoyin hanji, yana haifar da ischemia na hanji.
• Kunkuntar jijiyoyin - Jijiyoyin da suke dauke da jini daga hanji na iya toshewa ta hanyar toshewar jini. Wannan yana toshe jini daga cikin hanji. Wannan ya fi zama ruwan dare ga mutanen da ke da cutar hanta, kansa, ko kuma rikicewar rikicewar jini.
• Pressureananan hawan jini - lowananan ƙananan jini a cikin mutanen da suka riga sun rage ƙarancin jijiyoyin hanji kuma na iya haifar da zubar jini zuwa hanji. Wannan yakan faru ne a cikin mutanen da ke fama da wasu matsaloli na rashin lafiya.

Babban alama ta ischemia na hanji shine ciwon ciki. Ciwo mai tsanani ne, duk da cewa yankin ba shi da taushi sosai idan an taɓa shi. Sauran cututtukan sun hada da:

• Gudawa
• Zazzaɓi
• Amai
• Jini a cikin buta

Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya nuna babban adadin kwayar jini (WBC) (alamar kamuwa da cuta). Zai iya zama jini a cikin hanyar GI.

Wasu gwaje-gwajen don gano girman lalacewar sun haɗa da:

• Acidara yawan acid a cikin jini (lactic acidosis)
• Angiogram
• CT scan na ciki
• Doppler duban dan tayi na ciki

Wadannan gwaje-gwajen ba koyaushe suke gano matsalar ba. Wani lokaci, hanya daya tak da ake gano ischemia ta hanji ita ce ta hanyar tiyata.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana buƙatar magance yanayin ta hanyar tiyata. An cire sashen hanjin da ya mutu. Lafiyayyun ƙarshen ƙarshen hanji sun sake haɗawa.

A wasu halaye, ana bukatar kwalliyar kwalliya ko kuma gyaran jiki. An gyara toshewar jijiyoyin hanji, idan zai yiwu.

Lalacewa ko mutuwar ƙashin hanji mummunan yanayi ne. Wannan na iya haifar da mutuwa idan ba a kula da shi nan da nan ba. Hangen nesa ya dogara da dalilin. Yin saurin jiyya na iya haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako.

Lalacewa ko mutuwar ƙashin hanji na iya buƙatar kwalliyar kwalliya ko ƙyamar jijiya. Wannan na iya zama gajere ko na dindindin. Peritonitis yana da yawa a cikin waɗannan lokuta. Mutanen da suke da adadi mai yawa na mutuwar nama a cikin hanji na iya samun matsalolin ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki. Zasu iya dogaro da samun abinci mai gina jiki ta jijiyoyin jikinsu.

Wasu mutane na iya yin mummunan rashin lafiya tare da zazzaɓi da kamuwa da jini (sepsis).

Kira wa mai ba da lafiyar ku idan kuna da wani ciwon ciki mai tsanani.

Hanyoyin kariya sun hada da:

• Sarrafa abubuwan haɗari, kamar bugun zuciya mara kyau, hawan jini, da hauhawar jini
• Ba shan taba ba
• Cin abinci mai gina jiki
• Saurin magance hernias

Necrosis na hanji; Ischemic bowel - ƙananan hanji; Mutuwar hanji - ƙananan hanji; Mataccen gut - ƙananan hanji; Hanji mai rauni - ƙananan hanji; Atherosclerosis - ƙananan hanji; Eningarfafa jijiyoyin - ƙananan hanji

• Magungunan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini na ischemia da infarction
• Tsarin narkewa
• Intananan hanji

Holscher CM, Reifsnyder T. uteananan ƙwayar ischemia. A cikin: Cameron JL, Cameron AM, eds. Far Mashi na Yanzu. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 1057-1061.

Kahi CJ. Cututtuka na jijiyoyin bugun ciki. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 134.

Roline CE, Kashe RF. Rashin lafiyar ƙananan hanji. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 82.