Myalgic encephalomyelitis / ciwo mai gajiya mai tsanani (ME / CFS)

Myalgic encephalomyelitis / ciwo mai gajiya (ME / CFS) cuta ce ta dogon lokaci wacce ke shafar tsarin jiki da yawa. Mutanen da ke fama da wannan rashin lafiyar ba sa iya yin ayyukansu na yau da kullun. Wasu lokuta, ana iya sasu a gado. Hakanan za'a iya kiran yanayin rashin haƙuri na rashin ƙarfi (SEID).

Wata alama ta kowa ita ce gajiya mai tsanani. Ba ya samun sauƙi tare da hutawa kuma ba wasu matsalolin likita ne ke haifar da shi kai tsaye ba. Sauran cututtukan na iya haɗawa da matsaloli tare da tunani da mai da hankali, ciwo, da damuwa.

Ba a san ainihin dalilin ME / CFS ba. Yana iya samun dalilai fiye da ɗaya. Misali, dalilai biyu ko fiye da haka na iya aiki tare don jawo cutar.

Masu bincike suna bincika waɗannan abubuwan da ke iya haifar da su:

• Kamuwa da cuta - Kusan 1 cikin mutane 10 da suka kamu da wasu cututtukan, kamar su cutar Epstein-Barr da zazzabin Q, sun ci gaba da inganta ME / CFS. Sauran cututtukan kuma an yi nazarin su, amma ba a gano musabbabin hakan ba.
• Tsarin rigakafi yana canzawa - ME / CFS na iya haifar da canje-canje ta yadda tsarin garkuwar mutum ya amsa damuwa ko rashin lafiya.
• Stresswaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko ta jiki - Mutane da yawa tare da ME / CFS sun kasance cikin tsananin damuwa ta hankali ko ta jiki kafin rashin lafiya.
• Samar da makamashi - Hanyar da sel a cikin jiki ke samun kuzari ya bambanta a cikin mutane masu ME / CFS fiye da na mutane ba tare da yanayin ba. Babu tabbacin yadda wannan ke da nasaba da haɓaka rashin lafiya.

Abubuwan gado ko abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli na iya taka rawa a ci gaban ME / CFS:

• Kowa na iya samun ME / CFS.
• Duk da yake mafi yawancin mutane tsakanin shekaru 40 zuwa 60, cutar tana shafar yara, matasa, da manya na kowane zamani.
• A tsakanin manya, mata sun fi shafar maza fiye da maza.
• An gano mutanen fari fiye da sauran ƙabilu da kabilu. Amma mutane da yawa tare da ME / CFS ba a gano su ba, musamman tsakanin tsiraru.

Akwai manyan alamu guda uku, ko "ainihin," alamun mutanen da ke da ME / CFS:

• Babban gajiya
• Symptomsarin bayyanar cututtuka bayan aiki na jiki ko tunani
• Matsalar bacci

Mutanen da ke da ME / CFS suna da gajiya mai ƙarfi kuma ba sa iya yin ayyukan da suka iya yi kafin cutar. Wannan tsananin gajiya shine:

• Sabo
• Ya kasance aƙalla watanni 6
• Ba saboda lamuran da ba na yau da kullun ba
• Ba'a samun saukin bacci ko kwanciyar bacci
• Mai tsananin da zai hana ka shiga wasu ayyukan

ME / CFS bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama mafi muni bayan aikin jiki ko tunani. Ana kiran wannan malaise bayan aiki (PEM), wanda aka fi sani da haɗari, sake dawowa, ko rushewa.

• Misali, kana iya fuskantar hadari bayan ka yi sayayya a kantin kayan masarufi kuma kana bukatar ka dan huta kadan kafin ka tuka mota. Ko kuna iya buƙatar wani ya zo ya ɗauke ku.
• Babu wata hanyar da za a yi hasashen abin da zai haifar da haɗari ko sanin tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka kafin a murmure. Yana iya ɗaukar kwanaki, makonni, ko mafi tsawo don murmurewa.

Batutuwan bacci na iya haɗawa da matsalolin faɗuwa ko yin bacci. Hutun cikakken dare baya taimaka gajiya da sauran alamomin.

Mutanen da ke da ME / CFS suma galibi suna fuskantar aƙalla ɗayan waɗannan alamun biyu masu zuwa:

• Mantuwa, matsalolin tattara hankali, matsaloli masu zuwa bayanan (wanda kuma ake kira "hazowar ƙwaƙwalwa")
• Symptomsaramar bayyanar cututtuka yayin tsayawa ko zaune tsaye. Ana kiran wannan rashin haƙuri na orthostatic. Kuna iya jin jiri, ɗauke kai, ko suma yayin tsaye ko zaune. Hakanan kuna iya samun canje-canje na hangen nesa ko ganin tabo.

Sauran cututtuka na kowa sun haɗa da:

• Hadin gwiwa ba tare da kumburi ko ja ba, ciwon tsoka, raunin tsoka a koina, ko ciwon kai wanda ya bambanta da waɗanda kuke da su a baya
• Ciwon makogoro, narkon naman jikinsa a wuya ko karkashin makamai, sanyi da zufa na dare
• Matsalar narkewar abinci, kamar ciwon mara na hanji
• Allerji
• Jin nauyin sauti, abinci, ƙamshi, ko kuma sinadarai

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka (CDC) sun bayyana ME / CFS a matsayin cuta ta daban tare da takamaiman alamu da alamun jiki. Ganewar asali ya dogara da yanke hukunci kan wasu dalilai masu yuwuwa.

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai yi ƙoƙari ya kawar da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da gajiya, gami da:

• Dogaro da ƙwayoyi
• Hanyoyin rigakafi ko rashin lafiya na jiki
• Cututtuka
• Muscle ko cututtukan jijiya (kamar su sclerosis da yawa)
• Cututtukan endocrine (kamar su hypothyroidism)
• Sauran cututtuka (kamar zuciya, koda, ko cututtukan hanta)
• Ciwon tabin hankali ko na rashin hankali, musamman baƙin ciki
• Ƙari

Binciken asali na ME / CFS dole ne ya haɗa da:

• Rashin wasu dalilan na gajiya na dogon lokaci (na kullum)
• Aƙalla alamun ME-CFS guda huɗu
• Matsanancin, gajiya na dogon lokaci

Babu takamaiman gwaji don tabbatar da ganewar asali na ME / CFS. Koyaya, akwai rahotanni game da mutanen da ke tare da ME / CFS suna da sakamako mara kyau akan gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Brain MRI
• Cellidayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini

A halin yanzu babu magani ga ME / CFS. Makasudin magani shine don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka.

Jiyya ya haɗa da haɗuwa da waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Hanyoyin sarrafa bacci
• Magunguna don rage zafi, rashin jin daɗi, da zazzabi
• Magunguna don magance damuwa (kwayoyi masu tayar da hankali)
• Magunguna don magance baƙin ciki (magungunan antidepressant)
• Lafiyayyen abinci

Wasu kwayoyi na iya haifar da halayen ko sakamako masu illa waɗanda suka fi na farkon alamun cutar illa.

Mutanen da ke da ME / CFS ana ƙarfafa su don kula da rayuwar zamantakewar aiki. Motsa jiki mara kyau na iya taimakawa. Careungiyar ku na kiwon lafiya zasu taimaka muku gano yawan ayyukan da za ku iya yi, da kuma yadda za ku ƙara ayyukan ku a hankali. Nasihu sun haɗa da:

• Guji yin yawa a ranakun da ka gaji
• Daidaita lokacinka tsakanin aiki, hutawa, da bacci
• Rage manyan ayyuka zuwa ƙananan, mafi sauƙin gudanarwa
• Sanya ayyukanku mafi ƙalubale cikin mako

Hutawa da dabarun rage damuwa na iya taimakawa wajen magance ciwo mai zafi (na dogon lokaci) da gajiya. Ba a amfani da su azaman maganin farko na ME / CFS. Hanyoyin shakatawa sun haɗa da:

• Biofeedback
• Ayyukan motsa jiki mai zurfi
• Hypnosis
• Massage far
• Tunani
• Hanyoyin shakatawa na tsoka
• Yoga

Hakanan yana iya zama da taimako yin aiki tare da mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali don taimaka maka magance yadda kake ji da tasirin cutar a rayuwarka.

Ana binciken sababbin hanyoyin likitanci.

Wasu mutane na iya amfana daga shiga cikin ƙungiyar tallafi ta ME / CFS.

Hangen nesa na mutanen da ke tare da ME / CFS ya bambanta. Yana da wuya a hango lokacin da alamun farko suka fara. Wasu mutane gaba daya suna murmurewa bayan watanni 6 zuwa shekara.

Kusan 1 cikin mutane 4 da ke da ME / CFS suna da nakasa sosai ta yadda ba za su iya tashi daga gado ko barin gidansu ba.Kwayar cututtukan cututtuka na iya zuwa kuma tafiya a cikin hawan keke, kuma koda lokacin da mutane suka ji daɗi, suna iya fuskantar sake dawowa da motsa jiki ya haifar da aiki ko kuma dalilin da ba a sani ba.

Wasu mutane basu taɓa jin kamar sun taɓa yi ba kafin suka haɓaka ME / CFS. Nazarin ya nuna cewa zaka iya samun sauki idan ka sami gyara mai yawa.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Bacin rai
• Rashin iya shiga cikin aiki da ayyukan zamantakewa, wanda hakan na iya haifar da keɓewa
• Hanyoyi masu illa daga magunguna ko jiyya

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da gajiya mai tsanani, tare da ko ba tare da sauran alamun wannan matsalar ba. Sauran cututtukan da suka fi haɗari na iya haifar da irin wannan alamun kuma ya kamata a cire su.

CFS; Gajiya - na kullum; Ciwon rashin aiki na rashin lafiya; Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME); Myalgic encephalopathy na kullum gajiya ciwo (ME-CFS); Cutar rashin haƙuri na tsarin (SEID)

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Myalgic encephalomyelitis / ciwo mai gajiya na kullum: magani. www.cdc.gov/me-cfs/treatment/index.html. An sabunta Nuwamba 19, 2019. An shiga Yuli 17, 2020.

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