Rashin jini

Rashin jinin jini rukuni ne na yanayi wanda a ciki akwai matsala game da tsarin narkar da jini a jiki. Wadannan rikice-rikicen na iya haifar da nauyi da tsawan jini bayan rauni. Zubar jini ma na iya farawa da kansa.

Takamaiman cututtukan zub da jini sun haɗa da:

• Launin aikin platelet da aka samo
• Launin aikin platelet
• Rarraba maganin intravascular (DIC)
• Rashin kwayar Prothrombin
• Rashin Factor V
• Dalilin VII rashi
• Rashin factor Factor X
• Dalilin rashi na XI (hemophilia C)
• Cutar Glanzmann
• Hemophilia A
• Hemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Von Willebrand cuta (iri I, II, da III)

Tsarin jini na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi abubuwan jini, da ake kira platelets, da kuma kusan 20 sunadaran plasma daban-daban. Wadannan an san su da yaduwar jini ko abubuwan da suka hada jini. Wadannan abubuwan suna mu'amala da wasu sinadarai don samar da wani abu wanda yake dakatar da zubar jini da ake kira fibrin.

Matsaloli na iya faruwa yayin da wasu dalilai suka yi ƙasa ko suka ɓace. Matsalar zub da jini na iya zama daga mara nauyi zuwa mai tsanani.

Wasu cututtukan zub da jini ana samunsu lokacin haihuwa kuma ana barsu ta hanyar dangi (wadanda suka gada). Wasu suna haɓaka daga:

• Rashin lafiya, kamar ƙarancin bitamin K ko cutar hanta mai tsanani
• Magunguna, kamar amfani da ƙwayoyi don dakatar da daskarewar jini (anticoagulants) ko amfani da maganin rigakafi na dogon lokaci

Har ila yau rikicewar zubar jini na iya haifar da matsala tare da lamba ko aiki na ƙwayoyin jini wanda ke inganta daskarewar jini (platelets). Hakanan waɗannan rikice-rikicen na iya zama ko dai a gaji su ne ko kuma su inganta daga baya (samu). Illolin wasu ƙwayoyi sukan haifar da sifofin da aka samo.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Zuban jini cikin mahaɗa ko tsokoki
• Bruising a sauƙaƙe
• Zuba jini mai yawa
• Zuban jinin haila mai yawa
• Hancin Hancin da baya tsayawa cikin sauki
• Zub da jini mai yawa tare da hanyoyin tiyata
• Zuban jini bayan haihuwa

Matsalolin da ke faruwa sun dogara ne da takamaiman cuta ta jini, da kuma yadda tsananin ta ke.

Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)
• Lokaci na thromboplastin (PTT)
• Gwajin tarin platelet
• Lokacin Prothrombin (PT)
• Nazarin hadawa, gwaji na PTT na musamman don tabbatar da karancin abin

Jiyya ya dogara da nau'in cuta. Yana iya haɗawa da:

• Clotting factor sauyawa
• Fresh daskararren jini
• Fitar da platelet
• Sauran jiyya

Nemi ƙarin game da rikicewar jini ta waɗannan rukunin:

• Gidauniyar Hemophilia ta Kasa: Sauran ficananan Matsaloli - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• Gidauniyar Hemophilia ta Kasa: Nasara ga Mata masu Ciwon Jini - www.hemophilia.org/Community-Resources/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disorders
• Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam na Amurka - www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorders

Sakamakon kuma ya dogara da cutar. Yawancin rikice-rikice na jini na farko ana iya sarrafa su. Lokacin da cutar ta kasance saboda cututtuka, kamar DIC, sakamakon zai dogara ne akan yadda za a iya magance cutar ta asali.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Zuban jini a cikin kwakwalwa
• Zub da jini mai yawa (yawanci daga ɓangaren hanji ko raunin da ya faru)

Sauran rikitarwa na iya faruwa, ya danganta da cutar.

Kira wa mai ba da lafiyar ku idan kun lura da wani abu mai ban mamaki ko mai tsanani na jini.

Rigakafin ya dogara da takamaiman cuta.

Coagulopathy

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Rare coagulation factor ƙarancin. A cikin: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Ka'idoji da Aiki. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 137.

Zauren JE. Hemostasis da jinin jini. A cikin: Hall JE, ed. Guyton da Hall Littafin Littattafan Jiki. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 37.

Nichols WL. Von Willebrand cuta da rashin daidaituwa na jini na platelet da aikin jijiyoyin jini. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 173.

Ragni MV. Cutar rashin jini: nakasar rashin ciwan coagulation. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 174.