Cryptococcosis

Cryptococcosis cuta ne tare da fungi Neoformans na Cryptococcus kuma Cryptococcus gattii.

C neoformans kuma C gattii sune fungi wadanda suke haifarda wannan cuta. Kamuwa da cuta tare da C neoformans ana gani a duniya. Kamuwa da cuta tare da C gattii an fi gani a yankin Pacific Northwest na Amurka, British Columbia a Kanada, kudu maso gabashin Asiya, da Ostiraliya. Cryptococcus shine mafi naman gwari da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani a duk duniya.

Ana samun nau'ikan fungi iri biyu a cikin kasa. Idan ka shaƙar naman gwari a ciki, zai shafi huhunka. Kamuwa da cutar na iya tafi da kansa, ya kasance cikin huhu kawai, ko yaɗu cikin jiki (yaɗa). C neoformans kamuwa da cuta galibi ana ganinsa ga mutane masu rauni a garkuwar jiki, kamar waɗanda:

• Suna kamuwa da HIV / AIDS
• Highauki allurai masu yawa na magungunan corticosteroid
• Ciwon daji
• Kuna kan magunguna don cutar kansa
• Shin cutar Hodgkin
• An sami dasa kayan aiki

C gattii na iya shafar mutane masu tsarin garkuwar jiki na yau da kullun.

C neoformans shine mafi barazanar rayuwa ga kamuwa da fungal cikin mutanen da ke tare da HIV / AIDS.

Mutane tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 40 suna da wannan cutar.

Kamuwa da cutar na iya yaduwa zuwa kwakwalwa a cikin mutanen da ke da rauni da garkuwar jiki. Kwayoyin cuta na kwakwalwa (kwakwalwa) suna farawa a hankali. Yawancin mutane suna da kumburi da kuma damuwa da ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙashin baya lokacin da aka gano su. Kwayar cutar kamuwa da cutar kwakwalwa na iya hadawa da:

• Zazzabi da ciwon kai
• Iffarfin wuya
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Duban gani ko hangen nesa biyu
• Rikicewa

Har ila yau kamuwa da cutar na iya shafar huhu da sauran gabobi. Alamun huhu na iya haɗawa da:

• Wahalar numfashi
• Tari
• Ciwon kirji

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon ƙashi ko taushi na ƙashin ƙirji
• Gajiya
• Fushin fata, gami da fitattun wuraren nuna ja (petechiae), ulcers, ko wasu raunin fata
• Sweating - sabon abu, wuce kima da dare
• Kumburin gland
• Rashin nauyi mara nauyi

Mutanen da ke da lafiyayyen garkuwar jiki na iya samun alamun cutar kwata-kwata.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamomi da tarihin tafiya. Jarabawar jiki na iya bayyana:

• Numfashi mara kyau
• Saurin bugun zuciya
• Zazzaɓi
• Halin tunanin mutum ya canza
• Wuya wuya

Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• Al'adar jini don bambance tsakanin fungi biyu
• CT scan na kai
• Al'adar sputum da tabo
• Binciken huhu
• Bronchoscopy da lavage na bronchoalveolar
• Taɓar kashin baya don samun samfurin ruwa mai ruɓowa (CSF)
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) al'adu da sauran gwaje-gwaje don bincika alamun kamuwa da cuta
• Kirjin x-ray
• Gwajin antigen na Cryptococcal (yana neman wani kwayar da aka zubar daga bangon kwayar Cryptococcus naman gwari cikin jini ko CSF)

An tsara magungunan fungal ga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta cryptococcus.

Magunguna sun haɗa da:

• Amphotericin B (na iya samun mummunan sakamako)
• Flucytosine
• Fluconazole

Shiga cikin tsarin juyayi sau da yawa yakan haifar da mutuwa ko kaiwa ga lalacewa ta dindindin.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun ci gaba bayyanar cututtuka na cryptococcosis, musamman ma idan kuna da raunana tsarin garkuwar jiki.

C. neoformans var. kamuwa da cutar neoformans; C. neoformans var. gatti kamuwa da cuta; C. neoformans var. kamuwa da cuta ta grubii

• Cryptococcus - cutaneous a hannu
• Cryptococcosis a goshin
• Naman gwari

Kauffman CA, Chen SC-A. Cryptococcosis. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 317.

Cikakken JR. Cryptococcosis (Cikakken neoformans da Cryptococcus gattii). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 262.

Robles WS, Ameen M. Cryptococcosis. A cikin: Lebwohl MG, Heymann WR, Berth-Jones J, Coulson IH, eds. Jiyya na cututtukan fata: Dabarun Magungunan Mahimmanci. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 49.