Ire-iren masu bada kiwon lafiya

Wannan labarin ya bayyana masu ba da kiwon lafiya da ke cikin kulawa ta farko, kulawa da jinya, da kulawa ta musamman.

KYAUTATA FIRAMARE

Mai ba da kulawa na farko (PCP) mutum ne da zaku iya gani da farko don dubawa da matsalolin lafiya. PCPs na iya taimakawa wajen kula da lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya. Idan kana da tsarin kula da lafiya, gano wane irin likita zai iya zama PCP naka.

• Kalmar "generalist" galibi tana nufin likitocin likita (MDs) da likitocin likitan osteopathic (DOs) waɗanda suka ƙware a likitancin ciki, aikin iyali, ko likitan yara.
• Likitocin haihuwa / likitan mata (OB / GYNs) likitoci ne wadanda suka kware a fannin haihuwa da kula da lafiyar mata, gami da kula da lafiyar mata, lafiyar su, da kuma kula da lafiyar mata masu ciki. Mata da yawa suna amfani da OB / GYN a matsayin mai ba da kulawa na farko.
• Ma'aikatan aikin jinya (NPs) masu aikin jinya ne tare da horon karatun digiri. Zasu iya zama babban mai ba da kulawa na farko a likitancin iyali (FNP), ilimin likitan yara (PNP), kulawar manya (ANP), ko geriatrics (GNP). Sauran an horar dasu don magance kula da lafiyar mata (damuwa na yau da kullun da kuma binciken yau da kullun) da tsarin iyali. NPs na iya rubuta magunguna.
• Mataimakin likita (PA) na iya ba da sabis da yawa tare da haɗin gwiwar Doctor of Medicine (MD) ko Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO).

Kulawa

• Ma'aikatan jinya masu lasisi (LPNs) masu ba da lasisi ne na jihohi waɗanda aka horar da su don kula da marasa lafiya.
• Ma’aikatan jinya (RNs) da suka yi rajista sun kammala karatu daga shirin jinya, sun ci jarabawar hukumar jiha, kuma sun sami lasisi daga jihar.
• Practicewararrun likitocin jinya suna da ilimi da ƙwarewa sama da horo na asali da lasin da ake buƙata na duk RNs.

Advanced yi ma'aikatan aikin jinya hada da m aikatawa (NPs) da kuma wadannan:

• Kwararrun likitocin jinya na asibiti (CNSs) suna da horo a fanni kamar zuciya, tabin hankali, ko lafiyar al'umma.
• Midwararrun ungozomomin jinya (CNMs) suna da horo kan bukatun kula da lafiyar mata, gami da kula da ciki, da aiki da haihuwa, da kuma kula da matar da ta haihu.
• Certified rajista nas anesthetists (CRNAs) suna da horo a fagen maganin sa barci. Anesthesia hanya ce ta saka mutum cikin barci mai zafi, da kuma kiyaye jikin mutum yana aiki don a iya yin tiyata ko gwaji na musamman.

MAGANIN MAGANIN

Masu lasisi masu lasisi suna da horo na digiri daga kwalejin kantin magani.

Kwararren likitan ku yana shirya da aiwatar da umarnin likitanci wanda babban ma'aikacin ku ko na musamman ya rubuta. Magunguna suna ba mutane bayani game da magunguna. Suna kuma yin shawarwari tare da masu samarwa game da ƙwayoyi, hulɗar juna, da kuma illar magunguna.

Masanin ilimin likitan ku na iya bin ci gaban ku don bincika kuna amfani da maganin ku cikin aminci da inganci.

Har ila yau, masana harhaɗa magunguna na iya kimanta lafiyar ku kuma rubuta magunguna.

KULAWA TA MUSAMMAN

Mai ba da sabis na farko na iya tura ka zuwa ƙwararru a fannoni daban-daban idan ya zama dole, kamar su:

• Allergy da asma
• Anesthesiology - maganin rigakafi na yau da kullum ko toshewar kashin baya don tiyata da wasu nau'ikan maganin ciwo
• Cardiology - cututtukan zuciya
• Dermatology - cututtukan fata
• Endocrinology - hormonal da cuta na rayuwa, ciki har da ciwon sukari
• Gastroenterology - rikicewar tsarin narkewa
• Janar tiyata - aikin tiyata gama gari wanda ya shafi kowane ɓangare na jiki
• Hematology - rikicewar jini
• Immunology - cuta na tsarin rigakafi
• Cutar cututtuka - cututtukan da suka shafi ƙwayoyin kowane ɓangare na jiki
• Nephrology - cututtukan koda
• Neurology - rikicewar tsarin cuta
• Obetetrics / gynecology - ciki da rikicewar haihuwa na mata
• Oncology - maganin ciwon daji
• Ophthalmology - cututtukan ido da tiyata
• Orthopedics - kashi da cututtukan nama
• Otorhinolaryngology - rikicewar kunne, hanci, da makogwaro (ENT)
• Magungunan jiki da magani na gyara - don rikice-rikice irin su rauni na baya, raunin jijiyoyin baya, da bugun jini
• Chiwararraki - rikice-rikice ko rikicewar hankali
• Pulmonary (huhu) - cututtuka na numfashi
• Radiology - x-rays da hanyoyin da suka dace (kamar su duban dan tayi, CT, da MRI)
• Rheumatology - ciwo da sauran alamun da ke da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa da sauran sassan tsarin musculoskeletal
• Urology - rikicewar tsarin haihuwa na maza da fitsari da kuma fitsarin mata

Ma'aikatan jinya da mataimakan likita na iya ba da kulawa tare da yawancin kwararru.

Likitocin; Ma'aikatan aikin jinya; Masu ba da kiwon lafiya; Likitoci; Masu harhaɗa magunguna

• Ire-iren masu bada kiwon lafiya

Websiteungiyar yanar gizo ta Kolejin Likitancin Amurka. Ayyuka a cikin magani. www.aamc.org/cim/specialty/exploreoptions/list/. An shiga Oktoba 21, 2020.

Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwancin Amurka ta PAs. Menene PA? www.aapa.org/what-is-a-pa/. An shiga Oktoba 21, 2020.

Americanungiyar (asar Amirka ta Ma'aikatan Nurse website. Menene likitan aikin jinya (NP)? www.aanp.org/about/all-about-nps/whats-a-nurse-practitioner. An shiga Oktoba 21, 2020.

Yanar gizon websiteungiyar Magungunan Amurka. Game da APhA. www.pharmacist.com/who-we-are. An shiga Afrilu 15, 2021.