Ciwon ciki

Gwajin ciki shine gwaji wanda yake kallon cikin uwar hanji (babban hanji) da dubura, ta amfani da kayan aiki da ake kira colonoscope.

A colonoscope yana da ƙaramar kyamara a haɗe da bututu mai sassauƙa wanda zai iya kaiwa tsayin uwar hanji.

Ana yin colonoscopy a mafi yawancin lokuta a cikin dakin aiwatarwa a ofishin likitanka. Hakanan za'a iya yin shi a cikin asibitin marasa lafiya na asibiti ko cibiyar kiwon lafiya.

• Za a umarce ku da canza kaya daga tufafinku na kan titi kuma ku sanya rigar asibiti don aikin.
• Wataƙila za a ba ku magani a cikin jijiya (IV) don taimaka muku shakatawa. Bai kamata ku ji wani ciwo ba. Kuna iya kasancewa a farke yayin gwajin kuma wataƙila kuna iya magana. Wataƙila ba za ku tuna komai ba.
• Kuna kwance a gefen hagu tare da gwiwoyinku sama zuwa kirjin ku.
• An saka yankin a hankali ta dubura. Ana motsa shi a hankali zuwa farkon babban hanji. Slowlyasar tana ci gaba a hankali har zuwa ɓangaren ƙananan hanji.
• An saka iska ta cikin faɗin don samar da kyakkyawan ra'ayi. Ana iya amfani da tsotsa don cire ruwa ko kujeru.
• Likitan yana samun kyakkyawan gani yayin da aka koma gefe. Don haka, an yi gwaji mafi tsanaki yayin da ake ja da baya.
• Ana iya cire samfurin nama (biopsy) ko polyps ta amfani da ƙananan kayan aikin da aka saka ta wurin faɗin. Ana iya ɗaukar hotuna ta amfani da kyamara a ƙarshen faɗin. Idan ana buƙata, ana aiwatar da hanyoyin, kamar su laser laser.

Hanka yana bukatar fanko da tsabta ga jarrabawa. Wata matsala a cikin hanjinka babba wanda yake bukatar a kula dashi zai iya rasa idan ba'a tsabtace hanjin ka ba.

Mai ba da lafiyar ku zai ba ku matakan tsarkake hanjin ku. Wannan ana kiran sa shiri. Matakai na iya haɗawa da:

• Yin amfani da enemas
• Rashin cin abinci mai tsauri na kwana 1 zuwa 3 kafin gwajin
• Shan kayan shafawa

Kana bukatar shan ruwa mai yawa na kwanaki 1 zuwa 3 kafin gwajin. Misalan bayyanannu ruwa sune:

• Share kofi ko shayi
• Bouillon mara kiba ko romo
• Gelatin
• Wasanni suna sha ba tare da ƙarin launi ba
• Taba ruwan 'ya'yan itace
• Ruwa

Wataƙila za a gaya muku ku daina shan aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ko wasu magunguna masu rage jini na wasu kwanaki kafin gwajin. Ci gaba da shan sauran magungunanku sai dai idan likitanku ya gaya muku in ba haka ba.

Kuna buƙatar dakatar da shan ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe ko ruwa a aan kwanaki kaɗan kafin gwajin, sai dai in mai ba ku sabis ya gaya muku cewa ba laifi ya ci gaba. Ironarfe na iya sa kujerun ku duhu baƙi. Wannan ya sa ya zama da wahala ga likita ya duba cikin hanjin ka.

Magungunan zasu sanya ku bacci saboda kada ku ji wani damuwa ko kuma ku tuna da gwajin.

Kuna iya jin matsin lamba yayin da ikon yake motsawa ciki. Kuna iya jin ɗan gajeren ciki da raɗaɗin iskar gas yayin da aka shigar da iska ko ƙimar ta ci gaba. Wucewar gas ya zama dole kuma ya kamata a yi tsammanin shi.

Bayan jarrabawar, ƙila ku sami ƙyanƙyamin ciki na ciki da yawa na gas. Hakanan zaka iya jin kumburi da rashin lafiya a cikinka. Wadannan ji da sannu zasu tafi.

Ya kamata ku sami damar zuwa gida kimanin awa daya bayan gwajin. Dole ne ku shirya cewa wani ya kai ku gida bayan gwajin, saboda za ku zama wawa kuma ba za ku iya tuƙi ba. Masu ba da sabis ɗin ba za su bar ka ba har sai wani ya zo ya taimake ka.

Lokacin da kake gida, bi umarnin kan murmurewa daga aikin. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Sha ruwa mai yawa. Ku ci abinci mai kyau don dawo da kuzarin ku.
• Ya kamata ku sami damar komawa ayyukanku na yau da gobe.
• Guji tuki, injina masu aiki, shan barasa, da yanke shawara mai mahimmanci na aƙalla awanni 24 bayan gwajin.

Ana iya yin colonoscopy saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

• Ciwon ciki, canje-canje a cikin hanji, ko rage nauyi
• Canje-canje marasa kyau (polyps) da aka samo akan sigmoidoscopy ko gwajin x-ray (CT scan ko barium enema)
• Anaemia saboda ƙaran baƙin ƙarfe (yawanci idan ba a sami wani dalilin ba)
• Jini a cikin kujerun, ko baƙar fata, ɗakunan jinkiri
• Bibiyar binciken da aka yi a baya, kamar su polyps ko kansar daji
• Ciwon hanji mai kumburi (ulcerative colitis da Crohn disease)
• Nunawa don cutar kansa

Abubuwan da aka samo na al'ada sune ƙwayoyin hanji mai lafiya.

Sakamakon gwaji mara kyau na iya nufin ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Aljihunan da ba na al'ada ba a kan rufin hanjin, wanda ake kira diverticulosis
• Yankunan da ake zubar da jini
• Ciwon daji a cikin hanji ko dubura
• Colitis (kumburi da kumburin hanji) saboda cutar Crohn, ulcerative colitis, kamuwa da cuta, ko rashin gudan jini
• Growthananan ci gaban da ake kira polyps a kan rufin uwar hanji (wanda za'a iya cire shi ta hanyar colonoscope yayin gwajin)

Rashin haɗari na colonoscopy na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Jinni mai yawa ko gudana daga biopsy ko cirewar polyps
• Rami ko tsagewa a bangon kansar wanda ke buƙatar tiyata don gyarawa
• Kamuwa da cuta da ake buƙatar maganin rigakafi (ƙarancin gaske)
• Amsawa ga maganin da aka baku don shakatawa, yana haifar da matsalar numfashi ko ƙananan hawan jini

Ciwon cikin hanji - colonoscopy; Cancer na launi - colonoscopy; Colonoscopy - nunawa; Hanyar polyps - colonoscopy; Ciwan ciki na ulcerative - colonoscopy; Crohn cuta - colonoscopy; Diverticulitis - maganin ciwon ciki; Gudawa - colonoscopy; Anemia - colonoscopy; Jini a cikin kujeru - colonoscopy

• Ciwon ciki
• Ciwon ciki

Itzkowitz SH, Potack J. Colonic polyps da polyposis syndromes. A cikin: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger da cututtukan hanta da cutar Fordtran: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 126.

Lawler M, Johnson B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Cutar kansa A cikin: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff na Clinical Oncology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 74.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Binciken kansar kai tsaye: shawarwari ga likitoci da marasa lafiya daga Multiungiyar Multiungiyar Multiungiyar Jama'a ta Amurka da ke kan Cancer na Colorectal. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. PMID: 28555630 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28555630.

Wolf AMD, Fontham ETH, Church TR, et al. Binciken kansar kai tsaye ga manya masu haɗarin haɗari: sabuntawar jagorar 2018 daga fromungiyar Ciwon Cancer ta Amurka. CA Ciwon daji J Clin. 2018; 68 (4): 250-281. PMID: 29846947 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29846947.