Ciwon huhu

Ciwon daji na huhu shine cutar daji da ke farawa a cikin huhu.

Huhu suna cikin kirji. Lokacin da kake numfashi, iska yakan bi ta hancinka, ta kasan bututun iska (trachea), zuwa cikin huhu, inda yake gudana ta bututun da ake kira bronchi. Yawancin ciwon daji na huhu yana farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin da ke layin waɗannan bututun.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan ciwon huhu huhu:

• Ciwon kansar huhu wanda ba ƙarami ba (NSCLC) shine mafi yawan nau'in sankara na huhu.
• Cancerananan ƙwayar cutar huhu (SCLC) tana ɗauke da kusan 20% na duk cututtukan daji na huhu.

Idan cutar sankarar huhu ta kasance nau'uka biyu, ana kiranta hadadden karamin kwayar halitta / babbar kwayar halitta.

Idan ciwon kansa ya fara wani wuri a cikin jiki kuma ya bazu zuwa huhu, ana kiransa metastatic cancer zuwa huhu.

Ciwon daji na huhu shine mafi yawan cutar kansa ga maza da mata. Kowace shekara, mutane da yawa suna mutuwa sakamakon cutar kansa ta huhu fiye da na nono, na hanji, da na ciwon sankara.

Ciwon daji na huhu ya fi zama ruwan dare ga tsofaffi. Yana da wuya a cikin mutane ƙasa da shekaru 45.

Shan sigari shi ne kan gaba wajen haifar da cutar kansa ta huhu. Kusan kashi 90 na cutar sankarar huhu tana da alaƙa da shan sigari. Yawan sigarin da kuke sha a kowace rana kuma farkon lokacin da kuka fara shan sigari, mafi girman haɗarinku ga cutar kansa ta huhu. Haɗarin yana raguwa tare da lokaci bayan ka daina shan sigari. Babu wata hujja da ke nuna cewa shan sigari ƙaramin tar yana rage haɗarin.

Wasu nau'ikan cutar sankarar huhu na iya shafar mutanen da ba su taɓa shan taba ba.

Shan taba sigari (shakar hayakin wasu) yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ta huhu.

Mai zuwa yana iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ta huhu:

• Bayyanawa ga asbestos
• Bayyanawa ga sinadarai masu haddasa cutar kansa kamar uranium, beryllium, vinyl chloride, nickel chromates, kayayyakin kwal, mustard gas, chloromethyl ethers, fetur, da kuma dizal shaye
• Bayyana gas gas
• Tarihin iyali na kansar huhu
• Babban matakan gurbatar iska
• Babban matakan arsenic a cikin ruwan sha
• Radiation far zuwa huhu

Ciwon daji na huhu na farko bazai iya haifar da wata alama ba.

Kwayar cutar ta dogara da nau'in kansar da kake da shi, amma na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon kirji
• Tari wanda baya tafiya
• Tari da jini
• Gajiya
• Rashin nauyi ba tare da gwadawa ba
• Rashin ci
• Rashin numfashi
• Hanzari

Sauran alamun cututtukan da zasu iya faruwa tare da ciwon huhu na huhu, galibi a ƙarshen matakan:

• Ciwon ƙashi ko taushi
• Fatar ido na faduwa
• Fuskantar fuska
• Sandarewa ko sauya murya
• Hadin gwiwa
• Matsalolin ƙusa
• Kafadar kafaɗa
• Hadiyar wahala
• Kumburin fuska ko hannaye
• Rashin ƙarfi

Waɗannan alamun na iya zama saboda wasu, ƙananan mawuyacin yanayi, don haka yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da mai ba ka kiwon lafiya.

Sau da yawa ana samun sankara na huhu lokacin da aka yi x-ray ko CT scan don wani dalili.

Idan ana tsammanin cutar kansa ta huhu, mai bayarwa zai yi gwajin jiki kuma yayi tambaya game da tarihin lafiyar ku. Za a tambaye ku idan kun sha taba. Idan haka ne, za a tambaye ku yawan taba da kuma tsawon lokacin da kuka sha taba. Za a kuma tambaye ku game da wasu abubuwan da wataƙila sun sa ku cikin haɗarin cutar kansa ta huhu, kamar bayyanar da wasu sinadarai.

Lokacin sauraren kirji tare da stethoscope, mai bayarwa na iya jin ruwa a kusa da huhu. Wannan na iya bayar da shawarar cutar kansa.

Gwaje-gwajen da za a iya yi don tantance kansar huhu ko ganin ya bazu sun haɗa da:

• Binciken kashi
• Kirjin x-ray
• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)
• CT scan na kirji
• MRI na kirji
• Positron watsi tomography (PET) scan
• Gwajin Sputum don neman ƙwayoyin kansa
• Thoracentesis (samfurin samar da ruwa a kusa da huhu)

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana cire wani yanki daga huhunka don bincikawa ta hanyar microscope. Wannan shi ake kira biopsy. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yin wannan:

• Bronchoscopy hade da biopsy
• CT-scan-directed allurar biopsy
• Endoscopic esophageal duban dan tayi (EUS) tare da biopsy
• Mediastinoscopy tare da biopsy
• Bude kwayar halittar huhu
• Biopsy na jin dadi

Idan biopsy ya nuna kansa, ana yin gwajin hoto don gano matakin kansar. Mataki yana nufin yadda girman kumburin yake da yadda ya faɗi. Tsarin yana taimaka jagorar magani da bibiya kuma yana ba ku ra'ayin abin da za ku yi tsammani.

Maganin kansar huhu ya dogara da nau'in kansar, yadda ya ci gaba, da kuma lafiyar ku:

• Za a iya yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙari lokacin da bai bazu ba kusa da ƙwayoyin lymph.
• Chemotherapy yana amfani da kwayoyi don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa da kuma dakatar da sababbin ƙwayoyin daga girma.
• Radiation radiation yana amfani da x-haskoki mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.

Magungunan da ke sama za a iya yin su kadai ko a hade. Mai ba ku sabis zai iya gaya muku ƙarin bayani game da takamaiman maganin da za ku samu, gwargwadon takamaiman nau'in cutar sankarar huhu da kuma wane mataki yake.

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Yaya za ku iya yi ya dogara da yawancin yadda cutar sankarar huhu ta bazu.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun cutar sankarar huhu, musamman idan kuna shan sigari.

Idan kana shan sigari, yanzu lokaci yayi da zaka daina. Idan kana fuskantar matsalar dainawa, yi magana da mai baka. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don taimaka maka ka daina, daga ƙungiyoyin tallafi zuwa magungunan likita. Hakanan, yi ƙoƙarin guje wa shan sigari.

Ciwon daji - huhu

• Tiyatar huhu - fitarwa

Araujo LH, Horn L, Merritt RE, et al. Ciwon huhu na huhu: ƙananan ƙananan huhu na huhu da ƙananan ƙwayar huhu. A cikin: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff na Clinical Oncology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 69.

Gillaspie EA, Lewis J, Leora Horn L. Ciwon huhu. A cikin: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn's Far Far na yanzu 2020. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 862-871.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Kulawa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na huhu (PDQ) - fasalin ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq.kauna An sabunta Mayu 7, 2020. An shiga 14 ga Yuli, 2020.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Treatmentananan maganin ciwon daji na huhu (PDQ) - fasalin ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Maris 24, 2020. An shiga 14 ga Yuli, 2020.

Silvestri GA, Pastis NJ, Tanner NT, Jett JR. Hanyoyin asibiti na ciwon huhu. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 53.