Kiba

Kiba tana nufin samun mai jiki da yawa. Ba daidai yake da yin nauyi ba, wanda ke nufin auna nauyi da yawa. Mutum na iya yin kiba daga ƙarin tsoka ko ruwa, da kuma yawan ƙiba.

Dukansu kalmomin suna nufin cewa nauyin mutum ya fi abin da ake tsammani lafiya ga tsayinsa.

Shan karin adadin kuzari fiye da yadda jikinku yake kuna na iya haifar da kiba. Wannan saboda jiki yana adana adadin kuzari mara amfani kamar mai. Ana iya haifar da kiba ta:

• Cin abinci fiye da jikinka zai iya amfani dashi
• Shan giya da yawa
• Rashin samun cikakken motsa jiki

Yawancin mutane masu kiba waɗanda suka rasa nauyi mai yawa kuma suka dawo da shi suna tsammanin laifinsu ne. Suna zargin kansu saboda rashin ƙarfin ikon kiyaye nauyi. Mutane da yawa sun dawo da nauyi fiye da yadda suka rasa.

A yau, mun san cewa ilmin halitta babban dalili ne da ya sa wasu mutane ba za su iya kiyaye nauyi ba. Wasu mutanen da suke zaune wuri daya kuma suke cin abinci iri daya suna yin kiba, yayin da wasu kuma ba sa yi. Jikinmu yana da hadadden tsarin kiyaye nauyin mu a matakin lafiya. A wasu mutane, wannan tsarin ba ya aiki kullum.

Hanyar da muke ci yayin da muke yara na iya shafar yadda muke cin abinci yayin da muke girma.

Hanyar da muke cin shekaru da yawa ya zama al'ada. Yana shafar abin da muke ci, lokacin da muke ci, da kuma yawan abincin da muke ci.

Muna iya jin cewa abubuwa sun kewaye mu wanda zai iya sauƙaƙa yawan ci da wahala don ci gaba da aiki.

• Mutane da yawa suna jin ba su da lokacin tsarawa da kuma cin lafiyayyun abinci.
• Yawancin mutane a yau suna yin aikin tebur idan aka kwatanta da ƙarin aiki a baya.
• Mutanen da ke da ɗan ɗan lokaci kaɗan na iya samun ɗan lokacin motsa jiki.

Kalmar rashin cin abinci na nufin rukuni na yanayin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da ƙoshin lafiya ga cin abinci, rage cin abinci, rashi ko samun nauyi, da hoton jiki. Mutum na iya yin kiba, ya bi abinci mara kyau, kuma ya sami matsalar cin abinci duk a lokaci guda.

Wani lokaci, matsalolin likita ko jiyya na haifar da karɓar nauyi, gami da:

• Rashin maganin thyroid (hypothyroidism)
• Magunguna kamar kwayoyin hana haihuwa, magungunan kashe ciki, da kuma maganin ƙwaƙwalwa

Sauran abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da ƙimar nauyi sune:

• Barin shan taba - Mutane da yawa waɗanda suka daina shan sigari suna samun fam 4 zuwa 10 (lb) ko kuma kilogram 2 zuwa 5 a cikin watanni 6 na farko bayan sun daina.
• Danniya, damuwa, jin bakin ciki, ko rashin bacci mai kyau.
• Cushe-haila - Mata na iya samun 12 zuwa 15 lb (kilogiram 5.5 zuwa 7) a lokacin al'ada.
• Ciki - Mata na iya rasa nauyin da suka samu yayin ciki.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da tarihin lafiyarku, ɗabi'ar cin abinci, da motsa jiki.

Hanyoyi guda biyu da suka fi dacewa don kimanta nauyin ku da auna haɗarin kiwon lafiya da suka danganci nauyin ku sune:

• Indexididdigar nauyin jiki (BMI)
• Kewayen kugu (ma'aunin kugu a inci ko santimita)

Ana lasafta BMI ta amfani da tsawo da nauyi. Kai da mai ba ku sabis za ku iya amfani da BMI don kimanta yawan kitsen da kuke da shi.

Gwajin ku wata hanya ce ta kimanta yawan kitsen da kuke da shi. Weightarin nauyi kewaye da tsakiyarka ko yankinka yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2, cututtukan zuciya, da bugun jini. Mutanen da suke da jikin "mai siffar apple" (ma'anarsu suna adana mai a ƙugunsu kuma suna da ƙananan siraran jikinsu) suma suna da haɗarin waɗannan cututtukan.

Za'a iya ɗaukar ma'aunin ninki na fata don duba yawan ƙiba na jikinka.

Za'a iya yin gwajin jini don neman matsalolin thyroid ko matsalolin hormone waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ƙimar kiba.

SAUYAYYAR RAYUWARKA

Rayuwa mai aiki da yawan motsa jiki, tare da cin abinci mai kyau, ita ce hanya mafi aminci ta rashin nauyi. Koda asarar nauyi mai kyau na iya inganta lafiyar ku. Kuna iya buƙatar tallafi mai yawa daga dangi da abokai.

Babban burinku ya kamata ya zama koya sabbin hanyoyin cin abinci mai kyau da sanya su cikin harkokin yau da kullun.

Mutane da yawa suna da wahala su canza halayen cin abincinsu da ɗabi'unsu. Wataƙila ka taɓa yin wasu halaye na tsawon lokacin da ba za ka san cewa ba su da lafiya, ko kuma ka yi su ba tare da tunani ba. Kuna buƙatar motsa ku don yin canje-canje na rayuwa. Sanya halayyar ta zama wani bangare na rayuwarka tsawon lokaci. Ku sani cewa yana ɗaukar lokaci don yinwa da ci gaba da canji a cikin salon rayuwar ku.

Yi aiki tare da mai ba ku abinci da likitocin abinci don saita ƙididdigar calorie na yau da kullun wanda zai taimaka muku rage nauyi yayin da kuke cikin ƙoshin lafiya. Ka tuna cewa idan ka sauke nauyi a hankali kuma a hankali, zai yuwu ka kiyaye shi. Kwararren likitan ku na iya koya muku game da:

• Zaɓuɓɓukan abinci masu ƙoshin lafiya a gida da kuma gidajen abinci
• Lafiya kala kala
• Karatun alamun abinci mai gina jiki da lafiyayyen kayan masarufi
• Sabbin hanyoyi don shirya abinci
• Girman rabo
• Abin sha mai zaki

Matsanancin abinci (ƙasa da adadin kuzari 1,100 a kowace rana) ba a tsammanin su da aminci ko kuma suyi aiki sosai. Waɗannan nau'o'in abincin sau da yawa basu da wadatattun bitamin da ma'adinai. Yawancin mutane da suka rasa nauyi ta wannan hanyar suna komawa ga yin abinci fiye da kima kuma sun sake yin kiba.

Koyi hanyoyin magance damuwa banda abun ciye ciye. Misalan na iya zama tunani, yoga, ko motsa jiki. Idan kunyi baƙin ciki ko damuwa da yawa, yi magana da mai ba ku.

MAGUNGUNA DA magunguna

Kuna iya ganin tallace-tallace don kari da magungunan ganye waɗanda suke da'awar zasu taimaka muku ku rasa nauyi. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan iƙirarin na iya zama gaskiya. Kuma wasu daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan na iya haifar da sakamako mai illa. Yi magana da mai baka kafin amfani dasu.

Kuna iya tattauna magungunan asarar nauyi tare da mai ba ku. Mutane da yawa sun rasa aƙalla lb 5 (kilogiram 2) ta shan waɗannan magungunan, amma suna iya dawo da nauyi lokacin da suka daina shan maganin sai dai idan sun canza salon rayuwa.

Tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata na (Bariatric-hasara) na iya rage haɗarin wasu cututtuka a cikin mutane masu tsananin kiba. Wadannan haɗarin sun haɗa da:

• Amosanin gabbai
• Ciwon suga
• Ciwon zuciya
• Hawan jini
• Barcin bacci
• Wasu kansar
• Buguwa

Yin aikin tiyata na iya taimaka wa mutanen da suka yi ƙiba sosai na tsawon shekaru 5 ko sama da hakan kuma ba su rage nauyi daga wasu jiyya ba, kamar abinci, motsa jiki, ko magani.

Yin aikin tiyata kawai ba shi ne amsar nauyi ba. Zai iya koya muku ku ci ƙasa, amma har yanzu kuna da yawa daga cikin aikin. Dole ne ku jajirce wajen cin abinci da motsa jiki bayan tiyata. Yi magana da mai ba da sabis don koyo idan tiyata kyakkyawan zaɓi ne a gare ku.

Yin tiyata na asarar nauyi sun haɗa da:

• Laparoscopic na ciki
• Yin aikin tiyatar ciki
• Grectrectomy na hannun riga
• Duodenal sauya

Yawancin mutane suna samun sauƙin bin tsarin abinci da motsa jiki idan sun haɗu da ƙungiyar mutane masu matsala iri ɗaya.

Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani da tallafi ga mutanen da ke da kiba da danginsu a: Actionungiyar Hadin Kan Kiba - www.obesityaction.org/community/find-support-connect/find-a-support-group/.

Kiba babbar barazana ce ga lafiya. Weightarin nauyin yana haifar da haɗari da yawa ga lafiyar ku.

Yawan kiba; Mai - kiba

• Tiyatar ciki ta hanji - fitarwa
• Yadda ake karanta alamun abinci
• Laparoscopic gastric banding - fitarwa
• Abincin ku bayan aikin tiyata na ciki

• Kiba yara
• Kiba da kiwon lafiya

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Jensen MD. Kiba. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 207.

Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al; Kwalejin Kwalejin Zuciya ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka a kan Ka'idodin Aiwatarwa; Obungiyar Kiba. Jagoran 2013 AHA / ACC / TOS don kula da kiba da kiba a cikin manya: rahoto na Kwalejin Kwalejin Zuciya ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka game da Ka'idodin Aiki da Societyungiyar Kiba. Kewaya. 2014; 129 (25 Gudanar da 2): S102-S138. PMID: 24222017 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24222017/.

Oh TJ. Matsayin maganin anti-kiba a rigakafin ciwon sukari da rikitarwarsa. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2019; 28 (3): 158-166. PMID: 31583380 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31583380/.

Pilitsi E, Farr OM, Polyzos SA, et al. Pharmacotherapy na kiba: wadatar magunguna da kwayoyi da ake bincika. Tsarin rayuwa. 2019; 92: 170-192. PMID: 30391259 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30391259/.

Raynor HA, Champagne CM. Matsayi na Kwalejin Nutrition da Dietetics: maganganu don kula da kiba da kiba a cikin manya. J Acad Nutr Abinci. 2016; 116 (1): 129-147. PMID: 26718656 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26718656/.

Richards WO. Yawan kiba. A cikin: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Littafin Sabiston na tiyata. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier: 2017: babi na 47.

Ryan DH, Kahan S. Shawarwarin Shawarwarin Gudanar da Kiba. Med Clinic Arewacin Am. 2018; 102 (1): 49-63. PMID: 29156187 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29156187/.

Semlitsch T, Stigler FL, Jeitler K, Horvath K, Siebenhofer A. Gudanar da ƙima da kiba a cikin kulawa ta farko-Tsarin tsarin yau da kullun game da jagororin shaidun ƙasa. Obes Rev. 2019; 20 (9): 1218-1230. PMID: 31286668 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31286668/.