Ciwan Myelodysplastic

Ciwon Myelodysplastic wani rukuni ne na rikice-rikice lokacin da ƙwayoyin jinin da aka samar a cikin ɓacin kashi ba su girma cikin ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya ba. Wannan ya bar ku da karancin ƙwayoyin jini a jikinku. Kwayoyin jinin da suka balaga bazai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba.

Ciwan Myelodysplastic (MDS) wani nau'i ne na ciwon daji.A cikin kusan kashi ɗaya cikin uku na mutane, MDS na iya haɓaka cikin cutar sankarar myeloid mai tsanani.

Kwayoyin kara a cikin kashin jini sun samar da nau'ikan kwayoyin jini. Tare da MDS, DNA a cikin ƙwayoyin sel zai lalace. Saboda DNA ta lalace, ƙwayoyin sel ba za su iya samar da lafiyayyun ƙwayoyin jini ba.

Ba a san ainihin dalilin MDS ba. Ga mafi yawan lokuta, babu sanannen sanadi.

Hanyoyin haɗari ga MDS sun haɗa da:

• Wasu rikicewar kwayar halitta
• Bayyanawa ga magungunan muhalli ko masana'antun masana'antu, takin mai magani, magungunan ƙwari, abubuwan ƙyama, ko ƙarfe masu nauyi
• Shan taba

Maganin ciwon daji na farko yana ƙara haɗarin MDS. Ana kiran wannan sakandare ko MDS da ke da alaƙa da magani.

• Wasu magungunan ƙwayoyi suna haɓaka damar haɓaka MDS. Wannan shine babban haɗarin haɗari.
• Radiation radiation, lokacin amfani dashi tare da chemotherapy, yana ƙara haɗarin ga MDS har ma fiye da haka.
• Mutanen da suka sami dashen ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haɓaka MDS saboda suma suna karɓar allurai masu yawa na cutar sankara.

MDS yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin manya shekaru 60 zuwa sama. Ya fi faruwa ga maza.

Mataki na farko MDS galibi bashi da alamun bayyanar cututtuka. MDS galibi ana gano shi yayin sauran gwajin jini.

Mutanen da ke da ƙarancin ƙidayar jini galibi suna fuskantar alamomi. Kwayar cutar ta dogara da nau'in kwayar jinin da abin ya shafa, kuma sun hada da:

• Rauni ko gajiya saboda rashin jini
• Rashin numfashi
• Arami mai sauƙi da zub da jini
• Ananan ɗigo digo ja ko shunayya mai ma'ana a ƙarƙashin fata sakamakon zubar jini
• Yawaitar cututtuka da zazzabi

Mutanen da ke da MDS suna da ƙarancin ƙwayoyin jini. MDS na iya rage adadin ɗaya ko fiye na waɗannan:

• Jajayen kwayoyin jini
• Farin jini
• Platelets

Hakanan za'a iya canza siffofin waɗannan ƙwayoyin. Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai yi cikakken lissafin jini da shafa jini don gano wane nau'in ƙwayoyin jini ne abin ya shafa.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya yi sune:

• Burin kasusuwa da biopsy.
• Cytochemistry, cytometry flow, immunocytochemistry, da gwajin immunophenotyping ana amfani dasu don ganowa da rarraba takamaiman nau'ikan MDS.
• Cytogenetics da fluorescent a cikin yanayin haɓakawa (FISH) ana amfani dasu don nazarin kwayoyin. Gwajin cytogenetic na iya gano canje-canje da sauran lahani na kwayoyin halitta. KIF ana amfani dashi don gano takamaiman canje-canje a cikin chromosomes. Bambancin kwayoyin zai iya taimakawa wajen tantance amsar magani.

Wasu daga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen zasu taimaka wa mai ba ku sabis don sanin wane nau'in MDS kuke da shi. Wannan zai taimaka wa mai ba ku sabis don tsara lafiyar ku.

Mai ba da sabis ɗinku na iya bayyana ma'anar MDS ɗinku mai haɗarin gaske, matsakaiciyar-haɗari, ko ƙananan haɗari bisa ga:

• Tsananin rashin ƙaran ƙwayoyin jini a jikinku
• Nau'in canje-canje a cikin DNA
• Adadin yawan jinin farin da bai balaga ba a cikin kashin kashin ku

Tunda akwai haɗarin MDS na haɓakawa zuwa AML, ana iya buƙatar bibiyar yau da kullun tare da mai ba ku.

Kulawar ku zai dogara da dalilai da yawa:

• Ko kuna da ƙananan haɗari ko babban haɗari
• Nau'in MDS da kuke da shi
• Shekarunka, lafiyarka, da sauran yanayin da zaka iya samu, kamar ciwon sukari ko cututtukan zuciya

Manufar maganin MDS ita ce hana matsaloli saboda ƙarancin ƙwayoyin jini, cututtuka da zub da jini. Yana iya ƙunsar:

• Karin jini
• Magungunan da ke inganta samar da ƙwayoyin jini
• Magungunan da ke murƙushe garkuwar jiki
• -Ananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don inganta ƙididdigar ƙwayar jini
• Dasa dasa kara

Mai ba ku sabis na iya gwada ɗaya ko fiye da jiyya don ganin abin da MDS ɗinku zai amsa.

Hangen nesa zai dogara ne akan nau'ikan MDS da kuma tsananin alamun alamun. Lafiyar ku gabaɗaya na iya shafar damar ku na warkewa. Mutane da yawa suna da tsayayyen MDS wanda baya ci gaba zuwa kansar har tsawon shekaru, idan har abada.

Wasu mutane tare da MDS na iya haifar da cutar sankarar myeloid mai ƙarfi (AML).

Rikicin MDS sun hada da:

• Zuban jini
• Cututtuka kamar su ciwon huhu, cututtukan ciki, cututtukan fitsari
• Myeloid cutar sankarar bargo

Tuntuɓi mai ba ka sabis idan ka:

• Jin rauni da kasala a mafi yawan lokuta
• Karɓa ko zubar jini cikin sauƙi, zubar jini na gumis ko yawan zubar hanci
• Kuna lura da jajayen launuka ja ko shunayya a ƙarƙashin fata

Myeloid malignancy; Ciwan Myelodysplastic; MDS; Yaduwar cutar sankarau; Cutar sankarar bargo; Karancin jini; Cytopenia mai ban sha'awa

• Burin kasusuwa

Hasserjian RP, Shugaban DR. Ciwan mahaifa. A cikin: Jaffe ES, Arber DA, Campo E, Harris NL, Quintanilla-Martinez L, eds. Hematopathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 45.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Myelodysplastic / myeloproliferative neoplasms treatment (PDQ) - tsarin kwararrun lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/myeloproliferative/hp/mds-mpd-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Fabrairu 1, 2019. An shiga Disamba 17, 2019.

Steensma DP, Dutse RM. Ciwan mahaifa. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 172.